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Evolution of first‐year and second‐year snow properties on sea ice in the Weddell Sea during spring‐summer transition

Identifieur interne : 000E88 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000E87; suivant : 000E89

Evolution of first‐year and second‐year snow properties on sea ice in the Weddell Sea during spring‐summer transition

Auteurs : Marcel Nicolaus [Allemagne, Norvège] ; Christian Haas [Allemagne, Canada] ; Sascha Willmes [Allemagne]

Source :

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres [ 0148-0227 ] ; 2009-09-16.

RBID : ISTEX:0F870C156AFCB9B84EC4D9B8D088B0B1DBC5B71B

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Ablation, Amincissement, Antarctique, Bilan masse, Brise glace, Compaction, Couleur, Couverture neige, Epaisseur, Etude expérimentale, Eté, Evaporation, Flux chaleur, Glace marine, Inondation, Interface, Matière fondue, Mer de Weddell, Métamorphisme, Neige, Point fusion, Printemps, Source, Stratigraphie, Température, Traceur, Transfert chaleur.
Wicri :
- topic : Inondation.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Antarctica, Ice breaker, Melting point, Snow cover, Spring(season), Summer, Thinning, Weddell Sea, ablation, color, compaction, evaporation, experimental studies, heat flux, heat transfer, interfaces, inundations, mass balance, melts, metamorphism, sea ice, snow, springs, stratigraphy, temperature, thickness, tracers.

Abstract

Observations of snow properties, superimposed ice, and atmospheric heat fluxes have been performed on first‐year and second‐year sea ice in the western Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Snow in this region is particular as it does usually survive summer ablation. Measurements were performed during Ice Station Polarstern (ISPOL), a 5‐week drift station of the German icebreaker RV Polarstern. Net heat flux to the snowpack was 8 W m−2, causing only 0.1 to 0.2 m of thinning of both snow cover types, thinner first‐year and thicker second‐year snow. Snow thinning was dominated by compaction and evaporation, whereas melt was of minor importance and occurred only internally at or close to the surface. Characteristic differences between snow on first‐year and second‐year ice were found in snow thickness, temperature, and stratigraphy. Snow on second‐year ice was thicker, colder, denser, and more layered than on first‐year ice. Metamorphism and ablation, and thus mass balance, were similar between both regimes, because they depend more on surface heat fluxes and less on underground properties. Ice freeboard was mostly negative, but flooding occurred mainly on first‐year ice. Snow and ice interface temperature did not reach the melting point during the observation period. Nevertheless, formation of discontinuous superimposed ice was observed. Color tracer experiments suggest considerable meltwater percolation within the snow, despite below‐melting temperatures of lower layers. Strong meridional gradients of snow and sea‐ice properties were found in this region. They suggest similar gradients in atmospheric and oceanographic conditions and implicate their importance for melt processes and the location of the summer ice edge.

Url:

https://api.istex.fr/document/0F870C156AFCB9B84EC4D9B8D088B0B1DBC5B71B/fulltext/pdf

DOI: 10.1029/2008JD011227

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract">Observations of snow properties, superimposed ice, and atmospheric heat fluxes have been performed on first‐year and second‐year sea ice in the western Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Snow in this region is particular as it does usually survive summer ablation. Measurements were performed during Ice Station Polarstern (ISPOL), a 5‐week drift station of the German icebreaker RV Polarstern. Net heat flux to the snowpack was 8 W m−2, causing only 0.1 to 0.2 m of thinning of both snow cover types, thinner first‐year and thicker second‐year snow. Snow thinning was dominated by compaction and evaporation, whereas melt was of minor importance and occurred only internally at or close to the surface. Characteristic differences between snow on first‐year and second‐year ice were found in snow thickness, temperature, and stratigraphy. Snow on second‐year ice was thicker, colder, denser, and more layered than on first‐year ice. Metamorphism and ablation, and thus mass balance, were similar between both regimes, because they depend more on surface heat fluxes and less on underground properties. Ice freeboard was mostly negative, but flooding occurred mainly on first‐year ice. Snow and ice interface temperature did not reach the melting point during the observation period. Nevertheless, formation of discontinuous superimposed ice was observed. Color tracer experiments suggest considerable meltwater percolation within the snow, despite below‐melting temperatures of lower layers. Strong meridional gradients of snow and sea‐ice properties were found in this region. They suggest similar gradients in atmospheric and oceanographic conditions and implicate their importance for melt processes and the location of the summer ice edge.</div>
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Evolution of first‐year and second‐year snow properties on sea ice in the Weddell Sea during spring‐summer transition

Evolution of first‐year and second‐year snow properties on sea ice in the Weddell Sea during spring‐summer transition

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

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Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

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