Genetic variants associated with response to lithium treatment in bipolar disorder: a genome-wide association study
Identifieur interne : 003048 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 003047; suivant : 003049Genetic variants associated with response to lithium treatment in bipolar disorder: a genome-wide association study
Auteurs : Liping Hou [États-Unis] ; Urs Heilbronner [Allemagne] ; Franziska Degenhardt [Allemagne] ; Mazda Adli [Allemagne] ; Kazufumi Akiyama [Japon] ; Nirmala Akula [États-Unis] ; Raffaella Ardau [Italie] ; Bárbara Arias [Espagne] ; Lena Backlund [Suède] ; Claudio E. M. Banzato [Brésil] ; Antoni Benabarre ; Susanne Bengesser [Autriche] ; Abesh Kumar Bhattacharjee [États-Unis] ; Joanna M. Biernacka [États-Unis] ; Armin Birner [Autriche] ; Clara Brichant-Petitjean [France] ; Elise T. Bui [États-Unis] ; Pablo Cervantes [Canada] ; Guo-Bo Chen [Australie] ; Hsi-Chung Chen [Taïwan] ; Caterina Chillotti [Italie] ; Sven Cichon [Suisse, Allemagne] ; Scott R. Clark [Australie] ; Francesc Colom ; David Cousins [Royaume-Uni] ; Cristiana Cruceanu [Canada] ; Piotr M. Czerski [Pologne] ; Clarissa R. Dantas [Brésil] ; Alexandre Dayer [Suisse] ; Bruno Étain [France] ; Peter Falkai [Allemagne] ; Andreas J. Forstner [Allemagne] ; Louise Frisén [Suède] ; Janice M. Fullerton [Australie] ; Sébastien Gard [France] ; Julie S. Garnham [Canada] ; Fernando S. Goes [États-Unis] ; Paul Grof [Canada] ; Oliver Gruber [Allemagne] ; Ryota Hashimoto [Japon] ; Joanna Hauser [Pologne] ; Stefan Herms [Suisse, Allemagne] ; Per Hoffmann [Suisse, Allemagne] ; Andrea Hofmann [Allemagne] ; Stephane Jamain [France] ; Esther Jiménez ; Jean-Pierre Kahn [France] ; Layla Kassem [États-Unis] ; Sarah Kittel-Schneider [Allemagne] ; Sebastian Kliwicki [Pologne] ; Barbara König [Autriche] ; Ichiro Kusumi [Japon] ; Nina Lackner [Autriche] ; Gonzalo Laje [États-Unis] ; Mikael Landén [Suède] ; Catharina Lavebratt [Suède] ; Marion Leboyer [France] ; Susan G. Leckband [États-Unis] ; Carlos A. L Pez Jaramillo [Colombie] ; Glenda Macqueen [Canada] ; Mirko Manchia [Italie, Canada] ; Lina Martinsson [Suède] ; Manuel Mattheisen [Danemark] ; Michael J. Mccarthy [États-Unis] ; Susan Mcelroy [États-Unis] ; Marina Mitjans [Espagne] ; Francis M. Mondimore [États-Unis] ; Palmiero Monteleone [Italie] ; Caroline M. Nievergelt [États-Unis] ; Markus M. Nöthen [Allemagne] ; Urban Ösby [Suède] ; Norio Ozaki [Japon] ; Roy H. Perlis [États-Unis] ; Andrea Pfennig [Allemagne] ; Daniela Reich-Erkelenz [Allemagne] ; Guy A. Rouleau [Canada] ; Peter R. Schofield [Australie] ; K. Oliver Schubert [Australie] ; Barbara W. Schweizer [États-Unis] ; Florian Seemüller [Allemagne] ; Giovanni Severino [Italie] ; Tatyana Shekhtman [États-Unis] ; Paul D. Shilling [États-Unis] ; Kazutaka Shimoda [Japon] ; Christian Simhandl [Autriche] ; Claire M. Slaney [Canada] ; Jordan W. Smoller [États-Unis] ; Alessio Squassina [Italie] ; Thomas Stamm [Allemagne] ; Pavla Stopkova [République tchèque] ; Sarah K. Tighe [États-Unis] ; Alfonso Tortorella [Italie] ; Gustavo Turecki [Canada] ; Julia Volkert [Allemagne] ; Stephanie Witt [Allemagne] ; Adam Wright [Australie] ; L. Trevor Young [Canada] ; Peter P. Zandi [États-Unis] ; James B. Potash [États-Unis] ; Jay Raymond Depaulo [États-Unis] ; Michael Bauer [Allemagne] ; Eva Reininghaus [Autriche] ; Tomas Novák [République tchèque] ; Jean-Michel Aubry [Suisse] ; Mario Maj [Italie] ; Bernhard T. Baune [Australie] ; Philip B. Mitchell [Australie] ; Eduard Vieta ; Mark A. Frye [États-Unis] ; Janusz K. Rybakowski [Pologne] ; Po-Hsiu Kuo [Taïwan] ; Tadafumi Kato [Japon] ; Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu [Roumanie] ; Andreas Reif [Allemagne] ; Maria Del Zompo [Italie] ; Frank Bellivier [France] ; Martin Schalling [Suède] ; Naomi R. Wray [Australie] ; John Kelsoe [États-Unis] ; Martin Alda [Canada] ; Marcella Rietschel [Allemagne] ; Francis J. Mcmahon [États-Unis] ; Thomas G. Schulze [États-Unis, Allemagne]Source :
- Lancet (London, England) [ 0140-6736 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte d'âge moyen, Composés du lithium (usage thérapeutique), Femelle, Génotype, Humains, Mâle, Phénotype, Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple (génétique), Récepteurs des facteurs neurotrophiques dérivés des cellules gliales (génétique), Résultat thérapeutique, Trouble bipolaire (génétique), Trouble bipolaire (traitement médicamenteux), Variation génétique, Étude d'association pangénomique, Études prospectives.
- MESH :
- génétique : Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple, Récepteurs des facteurs neurotrophiques dérivés des cellules gliales, Trouble bipolaire.
- traitement médicamenteux : Trouble bipolaire.
- usage thérapeutique : Composés du lithium.
- Adulte d'âge moyen, Femelle, Génotype, Humains, Mâle, Phénotype, Résultat thérapeutique, Variation génétique, Étude d'association pangénomique, Études prospectives.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Bipolar Disorder (drug therapy), Bipolar Disorder (genetics), Female, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors (genetics), Humans, Lithium Compounds (therapeutic use), Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide (genetics), Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome.
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors.
- drug therapy : Bipolar Disorder.
- genetics : Bipolar Disorder, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Lithium Compounds.
- Female, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
Lithium remains a first-line treatment in bipolar disorder, but individual response is variable. Previous studies have suggested that lithium response is a heritable trait. However, no genetic markers have been reproducibly identified.
Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study of lithium response in 2,563 patients collected by 22 participating sites from the International Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen); the largest attempted so far. Data from over 6 million common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for association with categorical and continuous ratings of lithium response of known reliability.
A single locus of four linked SNPs on chromosome 21 met genome-wide significance criteria for association with lithium response (rs79663003: p=1·37×10−8; rs78015114: p=1·31×10−8; rs74795342: p=3·31×10−9; rs75222709: p=3·50×10−9). In an independent, prospective study of 73 patients treated with lithium monotherapy for a period of up to two years, carriers of the response-associated alleles had a significantly lower rate of relapse than carriers of the alternate alleles (p=0·03, hazard ratio = 3·8).
The response-associated region contains two genes coding for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs),
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00143-4
PubMed: 26806518
PubMed Central: 4814312
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Antoni Benabarre<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
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<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
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<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Bengesser, Susanne" sort="Bengesser, Susanne" uniqKey="Bengesser S" first="Susanne" last="Bengesser">Susanne Bengesser</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Bhattacharjee, Abesh Kumar" sort="Bhattacharjee, Abesh Kumar" uniqKey="Bhattacharjee A" first="Abesh Kumar" last="Bhattacharjee">Abesh Kumar Bhattacharjee</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Biernacka, Joanna M" sort="Biernacka, Joanna M" uniqKey="Biernacka J" first="Joanna M." last="Biernacka">Joanna M. Biernacka</name>
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<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Birner, Armin" sort="Birner, Armin" uniqKey="Birner A" first="Armin" last="Birner">Armin Birner</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Bui, Elise T" sort="Bui, Elise T" uniqKey="Bui E" first="Elise T." last="Bui">Elise T. Bui</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Cervantes, Pablo" sort="Cervantes, Pablo" uniqKey="Cervantes P" first="Pablo" last="Cervantes">Pablo Cervantes</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chen, Guo Bo" sort="Chen, Guo Bo" uniqKey="Chen G" first="Guo-Bo" last="Chen">Guo-Bo Chen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Chen, Hsi Chung" sort="Chen, Hsi Chung" uniqKey="Chen H" first="Hsi-Chung" last="Chen">Hsi-Chung Chen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry & Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry & Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Chillotti, Caterina" sort="Chillotti, Caterina" uniqKey="Chillotti C" first="Caterina" last="Chillotti">Caterina Chillotti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A7">Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital University Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Cichon, Sven" sort="Cichon, Sven" uniqKey="Cichon S" first="Sven" last="Cichon">Sven Cichon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
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<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Clark, Scott R" sort="Clark, Scott R" uniqKey="Clark S" first="Scott R." last="Clark">Scott R. Clark</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Colom, Francesc" sort="Colom, Francesc" uniqKey="Colom F" first="Francesc" last="Colom">Francesc Colom</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Cousins, David" sort="Cousins, David" uniqKey="Cousins D" first="David" last="Cousins">David Cousins</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A22">Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Newcastle upon Tyne</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cruceanu, Cristiana" sort="Cruceanu, Cristiana" uniqKey="Cruceanu C" first="Cristiana" last="Cruceanu">Cristiana Cruceanu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A23">Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Czerski, Piotr M" sort="Czerski, Piotr M" uniqKey="Czerski P" first="Piotr M." last="Czerski">Piotr M. Czerski</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A24">Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dantas, Clarissa R" sort="Dantas, Clarissa R" uniqKey="Dantas C" first="Clarissa R." last="Dantas">Clarissa R. Dantas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Campinas</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dayer, Alexandre" sort="Dayer, Alexandre" uniqKey="Dayer A" first="Alexandre" last="Dayer">Alexandre Dayer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Etain, Bruno" sort="Etain, Bruno" uniqKey="Etain B" first="Bruno" last="Étain">Bruno Étain</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A26">Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Falkai, Peter" sort="Falkai, Peter" uniqKey="Falkai P" first="Peter" last="Falkai">Peter Falkai</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Forstner, Andreas J" sort="Forstner, Andreas J" uniqKey="Forstner A" first="Andreas J." last="Forstner">Andreas J. Forstner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frisen, Louise" sort="Frisen, Louise" uniqKey="Frisen L" first="Louise" last="Frisén">Louise Frisén</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fullerton, Janice M" sort="Fullerton, Janice M" uniqKey="Fullerton J" first="Janice M." last="Fullerton">Janice M. Fullerton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A28">Psychiatric Genetics, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Psychiatric Genetics, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A29">School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>2052</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gard, Sebastien" sort="Gard, Sebastien" uniqKey="Gard S" first="Sébastien" last="Gard">Sébastien Gard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A30">Service de psychiatrie, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Service de psychiatrie, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region>
<region type="old region">Aquitaine</region>
<settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garnham, Julie S" sort="Garnham, Julie S" uniqKey="Garnham J" first="Julie S." last="Garnham">Julie S. Garnham</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nova Scotia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goes, Fernando S" sort="Goes, Fernando S" uniqKey="Goes F" first="Fernando S." last="Goes">Fernando S. Goes</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grof, Paul" sort="Grof, Paul" uniqKey="Grof P" first="Paul" last="Grof">Paul Grof</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A33">Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, Oliver" sort="Gruber, Oliver" uniqKey="Gruber O" first="Oliver" last="Gruber">Oliver Gruber</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region>
<settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hashimoto, Ryota" sort="Hashimoto, Ryota" uniqKey="Hashimoto R" first="Ryota" last="Hashimoto">Ryota Hashimoto</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A34">Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hauser, Joanna" sort="Hauser, Joanna" uniqKey="Hauser J" first="Joanna" last="Hauser">Joanna Hauser</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A24">Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herms, Stefan" sort="Herms, Stefan" uniqKey="Herms S" first="Stefan" last="Herms">Stefan Herms</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Per" sort="Hoffmann, Per" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Per" last="Hoffmann">Per Hoffmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hofmann, Andrea" sort="Hofmann, Andrea" uniqKey="Hofmann A" first="Andrea" last="Hofmann">Andrea Hofmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jamain, Stephane" sort="Jamain, Stephane" uniqKey="Jamain S" first="Stephane" last="Jamain">Stephane Jamain</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A26">Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jimenez, Esther" sort="Jimenez, Esther" uniqKey="Jimenez E" first="Esther" last="Jiménez">Esther Jiménez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kahn, Jean Pierre" sort="Kahn, Jean Pierre" uniqKey="Kahn J" first="Jean-Pierre" last="Kahn">Jean-Pierre Kahn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A35">Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy - Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy - Université de Lorraine, Nancy</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region">Lorraine (région)</region>
<settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kassem, Layla" sort="Kassem, Layla" uniqKey="Kassem L" first="Layla" last="Kassem">Layla Kassem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kittel Schneider, Sarah" sort="Kittel Schneider, Sarah" uniqKey="Kittel Schneider S" first="Sarah" last="Kittel-Schneider">Sarah Kittel-Schneider</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region>
<settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kliwicki, Sebastian" sort="Kliwicki, Sebastian" uniqKey="Kliwicki S" first="Sebastian" last="Kliwicki">Sebastian Kliwicki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Konig, Barbara" sort="Konig, Barbara" uniqKey="Konig B" first="Barbara" last="König">Barbara König</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeuthic Medicine, Landesklinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeuthic Medicine, Landesklinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neunkirchen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kusumi, Ichiro" sort="Kusumi, Ichiro" uniqKey="Kusumi I" first="Ichiro" last="Kusumi">Ichiro Kusumi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A39">Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Sapporo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lackner, Nina" sort="Lackner, Nina" uniqKey="Lackner N" first="Nina" last="Lackner">Nina Lackner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Laje, Gonzalo" sort="Laje, Gonzalo" uniqKey="Laje G" first="Gonzalo" last="Laje">Gonzalo Laje</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Landen, Mikael" sort="Landen, Mikael" uniqKey="Landen M" first="Mikael" last="Landén">Mikael Landén</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A40">Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the Gothenburg University, Gothenburg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gothenburg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lavebratt, Catharina" sort="Lavebratt, Catharina" uniqKey="Lavebratt C" first="Catharina" last="Lavebratt">Catharina Lavebratt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leboyer, Marion" sort="Leboyer, Marion" uniqKey="Leboyer M" first="Marion" last="Leboyer">Marion Leboyer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A42">Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Albert Chenevier - Henri Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Albert Chenevier - Henri Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leckband, Susan G" sort="Leckband, Susan G" uniqKey="Leckband S" first="Susan G." last="Leckband">Susan G. Leckband</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Pharmacy, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacy, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="L Pez Jaramillo, Carlos A" sort="L Pez Jaramillo, Carlos A" uniqKey="L Pez Jaramillo C" first="Carlos A." last="L Pez Jaramillo">Carlos A. L Pez Jaramillo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of Psychiatry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Medellín, Colombia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Medellín</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Medellín</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Macqueen, Glenda" sort="Macqueen, Glenda" uniqKey="Macqueen G" first="Glenda" last="Macqueen">Glenda Macqueen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement>
<region type="state">Alberta</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Manchia, Mirko" sort="Manchia, Mirko" uniqKey="Manchia M" first="Mirko" last="Manchia">Mirko Manchia</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A46">Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>NS</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinsson, Lina" sort="Martinsson, Lina" uniqKey="Martinsson L" first="Lina" last="Martinsson">Lina Martinsson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mattheisen, Manuel" sort="Mattheisen, Manuel" uniqKey="Mattheisen M" first="Manuel" last="Mattheisen">Manuel Mattheisen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Aarhus</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Michael J" sort="Mccarthy, Michael J" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Michael J." last="Mccarthy">Michael J. Mccarthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Psychiatry, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcelroy, Susan" sort="Mcelroy, Susan" uniqKey="Mcelroy S" first="Susan" last="Mcelroy">Susan Mcelroy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Psychiatry, Lindner Center of Hope / University of Cincinnati, Mason, OH, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Lindner Center of Hope / University of Cincinnati, Mason, OH</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mitjans, Marina" sort="Mitjans, Marina" uniqKey="Mitjans M" first="Marina" last="Mitjans">Marina Mitjans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Biologia Animal, Unitat d'Antropologia (Dp. Biología Animal), Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université de Barcelone</orgName>
<country>Espagne</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mondimore, Francis M" sort="Mondimore, Francis M" uniqKey="Mondimore F" first="Francis M." last="Mondimore">Francis M. Mondimore</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monteleone, Palmiero" sort="Monteleone, Palmiero" uniqKey="Monteleone P" first="Palmiero" last="Monteleone">Palmiero Monteleone</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A52">Neurosciences Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Neurosciences Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Salerno</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A53">Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Naples</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nievergelt, Caroline M" sort="Nievergelt, Caroline M" uniqKey="Nievergelt C" first="Caroline M." last="Nievergelt">Caroline M. Nievergelt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nothen, Markus M" sort="Nothen, Markus M" uniqKey="Nothen M" first="Markus M." last="Nöthen">Markus M. Nöthen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Osby, Urban" sort="Osby, Urban" uniqKey="Osby U" first="Urban" last="Ösby">Urban Ösby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A54">Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ozaki, Norio" sort="Ozaki, Norio" uniqKey="Ozaki N" first="Norio" last="Ozaki">Norio Ozaki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nagoya</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perlis, Roy H" sort="Perlis, Roy H" uniqKey="Perlis R" first="Roy H." last="Perlis">Roy H. Perlis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A56">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pfennig, Andrea" sort="Pfennig, Andrea" uniqKey="Pfennig A" first="Andrea" last="Pfennig">Andrea Pfennig</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A57">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden</nlm:aff>
<country>Allemagne</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Dresde</settlement>
<region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Dresde</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université technique de Dresde</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reich Erkelenz, Daniela" sort="Reich Erkelenz, Daniela" uniqKey="Reich Erkelenz D" first="Daniela" last="Reich-Erkelenz">Daniela Reich-Erkelenz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rouleau, Guy A" sort="Rouleau, Guy A" uniqKey="Rouleau G" first="Guy A." last="Rouleau">Guy A. Rouleau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A58">Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
<settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schofield, Peter R" sort="Schofield, Peter R" uniqKey="Schofield P" first="Peter R." last="Schofield">Peter R. Schofield</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A59">Mental Illness, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Mental Illness, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A29">School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>2052</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schubert, K Oliver" sort="Schubert, K Oliver" uniqKey="Schubert K" first="K. Oliver" last="Schubert">K. Oliver Schubert</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Adelaide</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schweizer, Barbara W" sort="Schweizer, Barbara W" uniqKey="Schweizer B" first="Barbara W." last="Schweizer">Barbara W. Schweizer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Seemuller, Florian" sort="Seemuller, Florian" uniqKey="Seemuller F" first="Florian" last="Seemüller">Florian Seemüller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Severino, Giovanni" sort="Severino, Giovanni" uniqKey="Severino G" first="Giovanni" last="Severino">Giovanni Severino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shekhtman, Tatyana" sort="Shekhtman, Tatyana" uniqKey="Shekhtman T" first="Tatyana" last="Shekhtman">Tatyana Shekhtman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shilling, Paul D" sort="Shilling, Paul D" uniqKey="Shilling P" first="Paul D." last="Shilling">Paul D. Shilling</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shimoda, Kazutaka" sort="Shimoda, Kazutaka" uniqKey="Shimoda K" first="Kazutaka" last="Shimoda">Kazutaka Shimoda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mibu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simhandl, Christian" sort="Simhandl, Christian" uniqKey="Simhandl C" first="Christian" last="Simhandl">Christian Simhandl</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A62">Bipolar Center Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Bipolar Center Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wiener Neustadt</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Slaney, Claire M" sort="Slaney, Claire M" uniqKey="Slaney C" first="Claire M." last="Slaney">Claire M. Slaney</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nova Scotia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smoller, Jordan W" sort="Smoller, Jordan W" uniqKey="Smoller J" first="Jordan W." last="Smoller">Jordan W. Smoller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A56">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Squassina, Alessio" sort="Squassina, Alessio" uniqKey="Squassina A" first="Alessio" last="Squassina">Alessio Squassina</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stamm, Thomas" sort="Stamm, Thomas" uniqKey="Stamm T" first="Thomas" last="Stamm">Thomas Stamm</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Berlin</region>
<settlement type="city">Berlin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stopkova, Pavla" sort="Stopkova, Pavla" uniqKey="Stopkova P" first="Pavla" last="Stopkova">Pavla Stopkova</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Klecany</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tighe, Sarah K" sort="Tighe, Sarah K" uniqKey="Tighe S" first="Sarah K." last="Tighe">Sarah K. Tighe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region>
<settlement type="city">Iowa City</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de l'Iowa</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tortorella, Alfonso" sort="Tortorella, Alfonso" uniqKey="Tortorella A" first="Alfonso" last="Tortorella">Alfonso Tortorella</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Naples</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Turecki, Gustavo" sort="Turecki, Gustavo" uniqKey="Turecki G" first="Gustavo" last="Turecki">Gustavo Turecki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A23">Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Volkert, Julia" sort="Volkert, Julia" uniqKey="Volkert J" first="Julia" last="Volkert">Julia Volkert</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region>
<settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Witt, Stephanie" sort="Witt, Stephanie" uniqKey="Witt S" first="Stephanie" last="Witt">Stephanie Witt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region>
<settlement type="city">Mannheim</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wright, Adam" sort="Wright, Adam" uniqKey="Wright A" first="Adam" last="Wright">Adam Wright</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A67">School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Young, L Trevor" sort="Young, L Trevor" uniqKey="Young L" first="L. Trevor" last="Young">L. Trevor Young</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Vancouver</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zandi, Peter P" sort="Zandi, Peter P" uniqKey="Zandi P" first="Peter P." last="Zandi">Peter P. Zandi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A69">Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Potash, James B" sort="Potash, James B" uniqKey="Potash J" first="James B." last="Potash">James B. Potash</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region>
<settlement type="city">Iowa City</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de l'Iowa</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Depaulo, Jay Raymond" sort="Depaulo, Jay Raymond" uniqKey="Depaulo J" first="Jay Raymond" last="Depaulo">Jay Raymond Depaulo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bauer, Michael" sort="Bauer, Michael" uniqKey="Bauer M" first="Michael" last="Bauer">Michael Bauer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A57">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden</nlm:aff>
<country>Allemagne</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Dresde</settlement>
<region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Dresde</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université technique de Dresde</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reininghaus, Eva" sort="Reininghaus, Eva" uniqKey="Reininghaus E" first="Eva" last="Reininghaus">Eva Reininghaus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Novak, Tomas" sort="Novak, Tomas" uniqKey="Novak T" first="Tomas" last="Novák">Tomas Novák</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country>
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<wicri:noRegion>Klecany</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Aubry, Jean Michel" sort="Aubry, Jean Michel" uniqKey="Aubry J" first="Jean-Michel" last="Aubry">Jean-Michel Aubry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maj, Mario" sort="Maj, Mario" uniqKey="Maj M" first="Mario" last="Maj">Mario Maj</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baune, Bernhard T" sort="Baune, Bernhard T" uniqKey="Baune B" first="Bernhard T." last="Baune">Bernhard T. Baune</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mitchell, Philip B" sort="Mitchell, Philip B" uniqKey="Mitchell P" first="Philip B." last="Mitchell">Philip B. Mitchell</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A67">School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vieta, Eduard" sort="Vieta, Eduard" uniqKey="Vieta E" first="Eduard" last="Vieta">Eduard Vieta</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frye, Mark A" sort="Frye, Mark A" uniqKey="Frye M" first="Mark A." last="Frye">Mark A. Frye</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rybakowski, Janusz K" sort="Rybakowski, Janusz K" uniqKey="Rybakowski J" first="Janusz K." last="Rybakowski">Janusz K. Rybakowski</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kuo, Po Hsiu" sort="Kuo, Po Hsiu" uniqKey="Kuo P" first="Po-Hsiu" last="Kuo">Po-Hsiu Kuo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A70">Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Taipei</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kato, Tadafumi" sort="Kato, Tadafumi" uniqKey="Kato T" first="Tadafumi" last="Kato">Tadafumi Kato</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A71">Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Saitama</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grigoroiu Serbanescu, Maria" sort="Grigoroiu Serbanescu, Maria" uniqKey="Grigoroiu Serbanescu M" first="Maria" last="Grigoroiu-Serbanescu">Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A72">Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bucharest</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reif, Andreas" sort="Reif, Andreas" uniqKey="Reif A" first="Andreas" last="Reif">Andreas Reif</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region>
<settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zompo, Maria Del" sort="Zompo, Maria Del" uniqKey="Zompo M" first="Maria Del" last="Zompo">Maria Del Zompo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bellivier, Frank" sort="Bellivier, Frank" uniqKey="Bellivier F" first="Frank" last="Bellivier">Frank Bellivier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A16">INSERM UMR-S 1144 - Université Paris Diderot. Pôle de Psychiatrie, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-F. Widal, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INSERM UMR-S 1144 - Université Paris Diderot. Pôle de Psychiatrie, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-F. Widal, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Schalling, Martin" sort="Schalling, Martin" uniqKey="Schalling M" first="Martin" last="Schalling">Martin Schalling</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wray, Naomi R" sort="Wray, Naomi R" uniqKey="Wray N" first="Naomi R." last="Wray">Naomi R. Wray</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kelsoe, John" sort="Kelsoe, John" uniqKey="Kelsoe J" first="John" last="Kelsoe">John Kelsoe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alda, Martin" sort="Alda, Martin" uniqKey="Alda M" first="Martin" last="Alda">Martin Alda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rietschel, Marcella" sort="Rietschel, Marcella" uniqKey="Rietschel M" first="Marcella" last="Rietschel">Marcella Rietschel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region>
<settlement type="city">Mannheim</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcmahon, Francis J" sort="Mcmahon, Francis J" uniqKey="Mcmahon F" first="Francis J." last="Mcmahon">Francis J. Mcmahon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schulze, Thomas G" sort="Schulze, Thomas G" uniqKey="Schulze T" first="Thomas G." last="Schulze">Thomas G. Schulze</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
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<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
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<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region>
<settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Genetic variants associated with response to lithium treatment in bipolar disorder: a genome-wide association study</title>
<author><name sortKey="Hou, Liping" sort="Hou, Liping" uniqKey="Hou L" first="Liping" last="Hou">Liping Hou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heilbronner, Urs" sort="Heilbronner, Urs" uniqKey="Heilbronner U" first="Urs" last="Heilbronner">Urs Heilbronner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region>
<settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Franziska" sort="Degenhardt, Franziska" uniqKey="Degenhardt F" first="Franziska" last="Degenhardt">Franziska Degenhardt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adli, Mazda" sort="Adli, Mazda" uniqKey="Adli M" first="Mazda" last="Adli">Mazda Adli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Berlin</region>
<settlement type="city">Berlin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Akiyama, Kazufumi" sort="Akiyama, Kazufumi" uniqKey="Akiyama K" first="Kazufumi" last="Akiyama">Kazufumi Akiyama</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mibu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Akula, Nirmala" sort="Akula, Nirmala" uniqKey="Akula N" first="Nirmala" last="Akula">Nirmala Akula</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ardau, Raffaella" sort="Ardau, Raffaella" uniqKey="Ardau R" first="Raffaella" last="Ardau">Raffaella Ardau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A7">Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital University Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital University Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arias, Barbara" sort="Arias, Barbara" uniqKey="Arias B" first="Bárbara" last="Arias">Bárbara Arias</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Biologia Animal, Unitat d'Antropologia (Dp. Biología Animal), Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université de Barcelone</orgName>
<country>Espagne</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Backlund, Lena" sort="Backlund, Lena" uniqKey="Backlund L" first="Lena" last="Backlund">Lena Backlund</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Banzato, Claudio E M" sort="Banzato, Claudio E M" uniqKey="Banzato C" first="Claudio E. M." last="Banzato">Claudio E. M. Banzato</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Campinas</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benabarre, Antoni" sort="Benabarre, Antoni" uniqKey="Benabarre A" first="Antoni" last="Benabarre">Antoni Benabarre</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bengesser, Susanne" sort="Bengesser, Susanne" uniqKey="Bengesser S" first="Susanne" last="Bengesser">Susanne Bengesser</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bhattacharjee, Abesh Kumar" sort="Bhattacharjee, Abesh Kumar" uniqKey="Bhattacharjee A" first="Abesh Kumar" last="Bhattacharjee">Abesh Kumar Bhattacharjee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Biernacka, Joanna M" sort="Biernacka, Joanna M" uniqKey="Biernacka J" first="Joanna M." last="Biernacka">Joanna M. Biernacka</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Birner, Armin" sort="Birner, Armin" uniqKey="Birner A" first="Armin" last="Birner">Armin Birner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brichant Petitjean, Clara" sort="Brichant Petitjean, Clara" uniqKey="Brichant Petitjean C" first="Clara" last="Brichant-Petitjean">Clara Brichant-Petitjean</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A16">INSERM UMR-S 1144 - Université Paris Diderot. Pôle de Psychiatrie, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-F. Widal, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INSERM UMR-S 1144 - Université Paris Diderot. Pôle de Psychiatrie, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-F. Widal, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bui, Elise T" sort="Bui, Elise T" uniqKey="Bui E" first="Elise T." last="Bui">Elise T. Bui</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cervantes, Pablo" sort="Cervantes, Pablo" uniqKey="Cervantes P" first="Pablo" last="Cervantes">Pablo Cervantes</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A17">The Neuromodulation Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Neuromodulation Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Guo Bo" sort="Chen, Guo Bo" uniqKey="Chen G" first="Guo-Bo" last="Chen">Guo-Bo Chen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Hsi Chung" sort="Chen, Hsi Chung" uniqKey="Chen H" first="Hsi-Chung" last="Chen">Hsi-Chung Chen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry & Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry & Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Taipei</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chillotti, Caterina" sort="Chillotti, Caterina" uniqKey="Chillotti C" first="Caterina" last="Chillotti">Caterina Chillotti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A7">Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital University Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital University Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cichon, Sven" sort="Cichon, Sven" uniqKey="Cichon S" first="Sven" last="Cichon">Sven Cichon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clark, Scott R" sort="Clark, Scott R" uniqKey="Clark S" first="Scott R." last="Clark">Scott R. Clark</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Adelaide</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Colom, Francesc" sort="Colom, Francesc" uniqKey="Colom F" first="Francesc" last="Colom">Francesc Colom</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cousins, David" sort="Cousins, David" uniqKey="Cousins D" first="David" last="Cousins">David Cousins</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A22">Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Newcastle upon Tyne</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cruceanu, Cristiana" sort="Cruceanu, Cristiana" uniqKey="Cruceanu C" first="Cristiana" last="Cruceanu">Cristiana Cruceanu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A23">Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Czerski, Piotr M" sort="Czerski, Piotr M" uniqKey="Czerski P" first="Piotr M." last="Czerski">Piotr M. Czerski</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A24">Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dantas, Clarissa R" sort="Dantas, Clarissa R" uniqKey="Dantas C" first="Clarissa R." last="Dantas">Clarissa R. Dantas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Campinas</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dayer, Alexandre" sort="Dayer, Alexandre" uniqKey="Dayer A" first="Alexandre" last="Dayer">Alexandre Dayer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Etain, Bruno" sort="Etain, Bruno" uniqKey="Etain B" first="Bruno" last="Étain">Bruno Étain</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A26">Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Falkai, Peter" sort="Falkai, Peter" uniqKey="Falkai P" first="Peter" last="Falkai">Peter Falkai</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Forstner, Andreas J" sort="Forstner, Andreas J" uniqKey="Forstner A" first="Andreas J." last="Forstner">Andreas J. Forstner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frisen, Louise" sort="Frisen, Louise" uniqKey="Frisen L" first="Louise" last="Frisén">Louise Frisén</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fullerton, Janice M" sort="Fullerton, Janice M" uniqKey="Fullerton J" first="Janice M." last="Fullerton">Janice M. Fullerton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A28">Psychiatric Genetics, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Psychiatric Genetics, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A29">School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>2052</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gard, Sebastien" sort="Gard, Sebastien" uniqKey="Gard S" first="Sébastien" last="Gard">Sébastien Gard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A30">Service de psychiatrie, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Service de psychiatrie, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region>
<region type="old region">Aquitaine</region>
<settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garnham, Julie S" sort="Garnham, Julie S" uniqKey="Garnham J" first="Julie S." last="Garnham">Julie S. Garnham</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nova Scotia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goes, Fernando S" sort="Goes, Fernando S" uniqKey="Goes F" first="Fernando S." last="Goes">Fernando S. Goes</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grof, Paul" sort="Grof, Paul" uniqKey="Grof P" first="Paul" last="Grof">Paul Grof</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A33">Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, Oliver" sort="Gruber, Oliver" uniqKey="Gruber O" first="Oliver" last="Gruber">Oliver Gruber</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region>
<settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hashimoto, Ryota" sort="Hashimoto, Ryota" uniqKey="Hashimoto R" first="Ryota" last="Hashimoto">Ryota Hashimoto</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A34">Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hauser, Joanna" sort="Hauser, Joanna" uniqKey="Hauser J" first="Joanna" last="Hauser">Joanna Hauser</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A24">Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herms, Stefan" sort="Herms, Stefan" uniqKey="Herms S" first="Stefan" last="Herms">Stefan Herms</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Per" sort="Hoffmann, Per" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Per" last="Hoffmann">Per Hoffmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hofmann, Andrea" sort="Hofmann, Andrea" uniqKey="Hofmann A" first="Andrea" last="Hofmann">Andrea Hofmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jamain, Stephane" sort="Jamain, Stephane" uniqKey="Jamain S" first="Stephane" last="Jamain">Stephane Jamain</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A26">Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jimenez, Esther" sort="Jimenez, Esther" uniqKey="Jimenez E" first="Esther" last="Jiménez">Esther Jiménez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kahn, Jean Pierre" sort="Kahn, Jean Pierre" uniqKey="Kahn J" first="Jean-Pierre" last="Kahn">Jean-Pierre Kahn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A35">Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy - Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy - Université de Lorraine, Nancy</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region">Lorraine (région)</region>
<settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kassem, Layla" sort="Kassem, Layla" uniqKey="Kassem L" first="Layla" last="Kassem">Layla Kassem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kittel Schneider, Sarah" sort="Kittel Schneider, Sarah" uniqKey="Kittel Schneider S" first="Sarah" last="Kittel-Schneider">Sarah Kittel-Schneider</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region>
<settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kliwicki, Sebastian" sort="Kliwicki, Sebastian" uniqKey="Kliwicki S" first="Sebastian" last="Kliwicki">Sebastian Kliwicki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Konig, Barbara" sort="Konig, Barbara" uniqKey="Konig B" first="Barbara" last="König">Barbara König</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeuthic Medicine, Landesklinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeuthic Medicine, Landesklinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neunkirchen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kusumi, Ichiro" sort="Kusumi, Ichiro" uniqKey="Kusumi I" first="Ichiro" last="Kusumi">Ichiro Kusumi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A39">Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Sapporo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lackner, Nina" sort="Lackner, Nina" uniqKey="Lackner N" first="Nina" last="Lackner">Nina Lackner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Laje, Gonzalo" sort="Laje, Gonzalo" uniqKey="Laje G" first="Gonzalo" last="Laje">Gonzalo Laje</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Landen, Mikael" sort="Landen, Mikael" uniqKey="Landen M" first="Mikael" last="Landén">Mikael Landén</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A40">Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the Gothenburg University, Gothenburg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gothenburg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lavebratt, Catharina" sort="Lavebratt, Catharina" uniqKey="Lavebratt C" first="Catharina" last="Lavebratt">Catharina Lavebratt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leboyer, Marion" sort="Leboyer, Marion" uniqKey="Leboyer M" first="Marion" last="Leboyer">Marion Leboyer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A42">Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Albert Chenevier - Henri Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Albert Chenevier - Henri Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leckband, Susan G" sort="Leckband, Susan G" uniqKey="Leckband S" first="Susan G." last="Leckband">Susan G. Leckband</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Pharmacy, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacy, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="L Pez Jaramillo, Carlos A" sort="L Pez Jaramillo, Carlos A" uniqKey="L Pez Jaramillo C" first="Carlos A." last="L Pez Jaramillo">Carlos A. L Pez Jaramillo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of Psychiatry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Medellín, Colombia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Medellín</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Medellín</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Macqueen, Glenda" sort="Macqueen, Glenda" uniqKey="Macqueen G" first="Glenda" last="Macqueen">Glenda Macqueen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement>
<region type="state">Alberta</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Manchia, Mirko" sort="Manchia, Mirko" uniqKey="Manchia M" first="Mirko" last="Manchia">Mirko Manchia</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A46">Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>NS</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinsson, Lina" sort="Martinsson, Lina" uniqKey="Martinsson L" first="Lina" last="Martinsson">Lina Martinsson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mattheisen, Manuel" sort="Mattheisen, Manuel" uniqKey="Mattheisen M" first="Manuel" last="Mattheisen">Manuel Mattheisen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Aarhus</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Michael J" sort="Mccarthy, Michael J" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Michael J." last="Mccarthy">Michael J. Mccarthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Psychiatry, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcelroy, Susan" sort="Mcelroy, Susan" uniqKey="Mcelroy S" first="Susan" last="Mcelroy">Susan Mcelroy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Psychiatry, Lindner Center of Hope / University of Cincinnati, Mason, OH, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Lindner Center of Hope / University of Cincinnati, Mason, OH</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mitjans, Marina" sort="Mitjans, Marina" uniqKey="Mitjans M" first="Marina" last="Mitjans">Marina Mitjans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Biologia Animal, Unitat d'Antropologia (Dp. Biología Animal), Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université de Barcelone</orgName>
<country>Espagne</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mondimore, Francis M" sort="Mondimore, Francis M" uniqKey="Mondimore F" first="Francis M." last="Mondimore">Francis M. Mondimore</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monteleone, Palmiero" sort="Monteleone, Palmiero" uniqKey="Monteleone P" first="Palmiero" last="Monteleone">Palmiero Monteleone</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A52">Neurosciences Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Neurosciences Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Salerno</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A53">Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Naples</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nievergelt, Caroline M" sort="Nievergelt, Caroline M" uniqKey="Nievergelt C" first="Caroline M." last="Nievergelt">Caroline M. Nievergelt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nothen, Markus M" sort="Nothen, Markus M" uniqKey="Nothen M" first="Markus M." last="Nöthen">Markus M. Nöthen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Bonn</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Osby, Urban" sort="Osby, Urban" uniqKey="Osby U" first="Urban" last="Ösby">Urban Ösby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A54">Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ozaki, Norio" sort="Ozaki, Norio" uniqKey="Ozaki N" first="Norio" last="Ozaki">Norio Ozaki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nagoya</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perlis, Roy H" sort="Perlis, Roy H" uniqKey="Perlis R" first="Roy H." last="Perlis">Roy H. Perlis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A56">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pfennig, Andrea" sort="Pfennig, Andrea" uniqKey="Pfennig A" first="Andrea" last="Pfennig">Andrea Pfennig</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A57">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden</nlm:aff>
<country>Allemagne</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Dresde</settlement>
<region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Dresde</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université technique de Dresde</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reich Erkelenz, Daniela" sort="Reich Erkelenz, Daniela" uniqKey="Reich Erkelenz D" first="Daniela" last="Reich-Erkelenz">Daniela Reich-Erkelenz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rouleau, Guy A" sort="Rouleau, Guy A" uniqKey="Rouleau G" first="Guy A." last="Rouleau">Guy A. Rouleau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A58">Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
<settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schofield, Peter R" sort="Schofield, Peter R" uniqKey="Schofield P" first="Peter R." last="Schofield">Peter R. Schofield</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A59">Mental Illness, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Mental Illness, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A29">School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>2052</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schubert, K Oliver" sort="Schubert, K Oliver" uniqKey="Schubert K" first="K. Oliver" last="Schubert">K. Oliver Schubert</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Adelaide</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schweizer, Barbara W" sort="Schweizer, Barbara W" uniqKey="Schweizer B" first="Barbara W." last="Schweizer">Barbara W. Schweizer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Seemuller, Florian" sort="Seemuller, Florian" uniqKey="Seemuller F" first="Florian" last="Seemüller">Florian Seemüller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Severino, Giovanni" sort="Severino, Giovanni" uniqKey="Severino G" first="Giovanni" last="Severino">Giovanni Severino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shekhtman, Tatyana" sort="Shekhtman, Tatyana" uniqKey="Shekhtman T" first="Tatyana" last="Shekhtman">Tatyana Shekhtman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shilling, Paul D" sort="Shilling, Paul D" uniqKey="Shilling P" first="Paul D." last="Shilling">Paul D. Shilling</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shimoda, Kazutaka" sort="Shimoda, Kazutaka" uniqKey="Shimoda K" first="Kazutaka" last="Shimoda">Kazutaka Shimoda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mibu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simhandl, Christian" sort="Simhandl, Christian" uniqKey="Simhandl C" first="Christian" last="Simhandl">Christian Simhandl</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A62">Bipolar Center Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Bipolar Center Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wiener Neustadt</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Slaney, Claire M" sort="Slaney, Claire M" uniqKey="Slaney C" first="Claire M." last="Slaney">Claire M. Slaney</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nova Scotia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smoller, Jordan W" sort="Smoller, Jordan W" uniqKey="Smoller J" first="Jordan W." last="Smoller">Jordan W. Smoller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A56">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Squassina, Alessio" sort="Squassina, Alessio" uniqKey="Squassina A" first="Alessio" last="Squassina">Alessio Squassina</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stamm, Thomas" sort="Stamm, Thomas" uniqKey="Stamm T" first="Thomas" last="Stamm">Thomas Stamm</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Berlin</region>
<settlement type="city">Berlin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stopkova, Pavla" sort="Stopkova, Pavla" uniqKey="Stopkova P" first="Pavla" last="Stopkova">Pavla Stopkova</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Klecany</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tighe, Sarah K" sort="Tighe, Sarah K" uniqKey="Tighe S" first="Sarah K." last="Tighe">Sarah K. Tighe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Iowa City</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de l'Iowa</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tortorella, Alfonso" sort="Tortorella, Alfonso" uniqKey="Tortorella A" first="Alfonso" last="Tortorella">Alfonso Tortorella</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Turecki, Gustavo" sort="Turecki, Gustavo" uniqKey="Turecki G" first="Gustavo" last="Turecki">Gustavo Turecki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A23">Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Volkert, Julia" sort="Volkert, Julia" uniqKey="Volkert J" first="Julia" last="Volkert">Julia Volkert</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region>
<settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Witt, Stephanie" sort="Witt, Stephanie" uniqKey="Witt S" first="Stephanie" last="Witt">Stephanie Witt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region>
<settlement type="city">Mannheim</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wright, Adam" sort="Wright, Adam" uniqKey="Wright A" first="Adam" last="Wright">Adam Wright</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A67">School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Young, L Trevor" sort="Young, L Trevor" uniqKey="Young L" first="L. Trevor" last="Young">L. Trevor Young</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Vancouver</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zandi, Peter P" sort="Zandi, Peter P" uniqKey="Zandi P" first="Peter P." last="Zandi">Peter P. Zandi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A69">Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Potash, James B" sort="Potash, James B" uniqKey="Potash J" first="James B." last="Potash">James B. Potash</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region>
<settlement type="city">Iowa City</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de l'Iowa</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Depaulo, Jay Raymond" sort="Depaulo, Jay Raymond" uniqKey="Depaulo J" first="Jay Raymond" last="Depaulo">Jay Raymond Depaulo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bauer, Michael" sort="Bauer, Michael" uniqKey="Bauer M" first="Michael" last="Bauer">Michael Bauer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A57">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden</nlm:aff>
<country>Allemagne</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Dresde</settlement>
<region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Dresde</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université technique de Dresde</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reininghaus, Eva" sort="Reininghaus, Eva" uniqKey="Reininghaus E" first="Eva" last="Reininghaus">Eva Reininghaus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special outpatient center for bipolar affective disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Novak, Tomas" sort="Novak, Tomas" uniqKey="Novak T" first="Tomas" last="Novák">Tomas Novák</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Klecany</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aubry, Jean Michel" sort="Aubry, Jean Michel" uniqKey="Aubry J" first="Jean-Michel" last="Aubry">Jean-Michel Aubry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, HUG - Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maj, Mario" sort="Maj, Mario" uniqKey="Maj M" first="Mario" last="Maj">Mario Maj</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples, SUN, Naples</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Naples</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baune, Bernhard T" sort="Baune, Bernhard T" uniqKey="Baune B" first="Bernhard T." last="Baune">Bernhard T. Baune</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Adelaide</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mitchell, Philip B" sort="Mitchell, Philip B" uniqKey="Mitchell P" first="Philip B." last="Mitchell">Philip B. Mitchell</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A67">School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Black Dog Institute, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vieta, Eduard" sort="Vieta, Eduard" uniqKey="Vieta E" first="Eduard" last="Vieta">Eduard Vieta</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Catalonia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frye, Mark A" sort="Frye, Mark A" uniqKey="Frye M" first="Mark A." last="Frye">Mark A. Frye</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rybakowski, Janusz K" sort="Rybakowski, Janusz K" uniqKey="Rybakowski J" first="Janusz K." last="Rybakowski">Janusz K. Rybakowski</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Poznan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kuo, Po Hsiu" sort="Kuo, Po Hsiu" uniqKey="Kuo P" first="Po-Hsiu" last="Kuo">Po-Hsiu Kuo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A70">Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Taipei</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kato, Tadafumi" sort="Kato, Tadafumi" uniqKey="Kato T" first="Tadafumi" last="Kato">Tadafumi Kato</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A71">Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Saitama</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grigoroiu Serbanescu, Maria" sort="Grigoroiu Serbanescu, Maria" uniqKey="Grigoroiu Serbanescu M" first="Maria" last="Grigoroiu-Serbanescu">Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A72">Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bucharest</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reif, Andreas" sort="Reif, Andreas" uniqKey="Reif A" first="Andreas" last="Reif">Andreas Reif</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region>
<settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zompo, Maria Del" sort="Zompo, Maria Del" uniqKey="Zompo M" first="Maria Del" last="Zompo">Maria Del Zompo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cagliari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bellivier, Frank" sort="Bellivier, Frank" uniqKey="Bellivier F" first="Frank" last="Bellivier">Frank Bellivier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A16">INSERM UMR-S 1144 - Université Paris Diderot. Pôle de Psychiatrie, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-F. Widal, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INSERM UMR-S 1144 - Université Paris Diderot. Pôle de Psychiatrie, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-F. Widal, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schalling, Martin" sort="Schalling, Martin" uniqKey="Schalling M" first="Martin" last="Schalling">Martin Schalling</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wray, Naomi R" sort="Wray, Naomi R" uniqKey="Wray N" first="Naomi R." last="Wray">Naomi R. Wray</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kelsoe, John" sort="Kelsoe, John" uniqKey="Kelsoe J" first="John" last="Kelsoe">John Kelsoe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alda, Martin" sort="Alda, Martin" uniqKey="Alda M" first="Martin" last="Alda">Martin Alda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nova Scotia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rietschel, Marcella" sort="Rietschel, Marcella" uniqKey="Rietschel M" first="Marcella" last="Rietschel">Marcella Rietschel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region>
<settlement type="city">Mannheim</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcmahon, Francis J" sort="Mcmahon, Francis J" uniqKey="Mcmahon F" first="Francis J." last="Mcmahon">Francis J. Mcmahon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schulze, Thomas G" sort="Schulze, Thomas G" uniqKey="Schulze T" first="Thomas G." last="Schulze">Thomas G. Schulze</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region>
<settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region>
<settlement type="city">Mannheim</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Lancet (London, England)</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0140-6736</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1474-547X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Bipolar Disorder (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Bipolar Disorder (genetics)</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Genetic Variation</term>
<term>Genome-Wide Association Study</term>
<term>Genotype</term>
<term>Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors (genetics)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Lithium Compounds (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Phenotype</term>
<term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide (genetics)</term>
<term>Prospective Studies</term>
<term>Treatment Outcome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Composés du lithium (usage thérapeutique)</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Génotype</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Phénotype</term>
<term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple (génétique)</term>
<term>Récepteurs des facteurs neurotrophiques dérivés des cellules gliales (génétique)</term>
<term>Résultat thérapeutique</term>
<term>Trouble bipolaire (génétique)</term>
<term>Trouble bipolaire (traitement médicamenteux)</term>
<term>Variation génétique</term>
<term>Étude d'association pangénomique</term>
<term>Études prospectives</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Bipolar Disorder</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Bipolar Disorder</term>
<term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple</term>
<term>Récepteurs des facteurs neurotrophiques dérivés des cellules gliales</term>
<term>Trouble bipolaire</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Lithium Compounds</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble bipolaire</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Composés du lithium</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Female</term>
<term>Genetic Variation</term>
<term>Genome-Wide Association Study</term>
<term>Genotype</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Phenotype</term>
<term>Prospective Studies</term>
<term>Treatment Outcome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Génotype</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Phénotype</term>
<term>Résultat thérapeutique</term>
<term>Variation génétique</term>
<term>Étude d'association pangénomique</term>
<term>Études prospectives</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title>
<p id="P2">Lithium remains a first-line treatment in bipolar disorder, but individual response is variable. Previous studies have suggested that lithium response is a heritable trait. However, no genetic markers have been reproducibly identified.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P3">Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study of lithium response in 2,563 patients collected by 22 participating sites from the International Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen); the largest attempted so far. Data from over 6 million common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for association with categorical and continuous ratings of lithium response of known reliability.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Findings</title>
<p id="P4">A single locus of four linked SNPs on chromosome 21 met genome-wide significance criteria for association with lithium response (rs79663003: p=1·37×10<sup>−8</sup>
; rs78015114: p=1·31×10<sup>−8</sup>
; rs74795342: p=3·31×10<sup>−9</sup>
; rs75222709: p=3·50×10<sup>−9</sup>
). In an independent, prospective study of 73 patients treated with lithium monotherapy for a period of up to two years, carriers of the response-associated alleles had a significantly lower rate of relapse than carriers of the alternate alleles (p=0·03, hazard ratio = 3·8).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Interpretation</title>
<p id="P5">The response-associated region contains two genes coding for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), <italic>AL157359.3</italic>
and <italic>AL157359.4</italic>
. LncRNAs are increasingly appreciated as important regulators of gene expression, particularly in the CNS. Further studies are needed to establish the biological context of these findings and their potential clinical utility. Confirmed biomarkers of lithium response would constitute an important step forward in the clinical management of bipolar disorder.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
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