Examples of Probable Host–Pathogen Co‐adaptation/Co‐evolution in Isolated Farmed Animal Populations in the Mountainous Regions of North Vietnam
Identifieur interne : 001009 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001008; suivant : 001010Examples of Probable Host–Pathogen Co‐adaptation/Co‐evolution in Isolated Farmed Animal Populations in the Mountainous Regions of North Vietnam
Auteurs : Jean-Charles Maillard ; Kiem Phan Van ; Tung Nguyen ; Thu Nhu Van ; Cecile Berthouly ; Genevieve Libeau ; Olivier KwiatekSource :
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [ 0077-8923 ] ; 2008-12.
Abstract
In Vietnam, for a number of specific geographical and historical reasons, the mountainous areas have preserved an exceptional diversity of wild and domestic animal species of high socioeconomic interest. This endemic genetic diversity fosters a rapid response to environmental change in mostly isolated local communities and, in particular, fosters the constant adaptation of ecosystems common to humans and farmed and wild animal populations and pathogens. During a 2‐year study carried out in several mountainous regions of North Vietnam near the Chinese border, we surveyed 1697 breeders in 249 villages and gathered 5815 biological samples among the four main domesticated species of food animals: chickens, cattle, buffaloes, and goats. Serological analyses were carried out by ELISA on 726 sera in order to assess the prevalence of antibodies specific to two major diseases suspected to be present in the region: avian influenza (AI) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR). The results reported here reveal the presence of antibodies specific to AI, but not the H5N1 highly pathogenic strain, and the presence of antibodies specific to PPR, confirming that this disease, never previously described in Southeast Asia, is present in this region, with no mortality and little or no evidence of clinical cases. These are probably situations of co‐evolutive epidemiological equilibrium between pathogen populations, which may have lost their virulence, and animal populations that have acquired genetic resistances over generations, either naturally or through genetic introgression from related wild species better adapted to such pathogens. These results suggest the need for more research, both short‐term and, more globally, long‐term.
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DOI: 10.1196/annals.1428.086
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The results reported here reveal the presence of antibodies specific to AI, but not the H5N1 highly pathogenic strain, and the presence of antibodies specific to PPR, confirming that this disease, never previously described in Southeast Asia, is present in this region, with no mortality and little or no evidence of clinical cases. These are probably situations of co‐evolutive epidemiological equilibrium between pathogen populations, which may have lost their virulence, and animal populations that have acquired genetic resistances over generations, either naturally or through genetic introgression from related wild species better adapted to such pathogens. 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These results suggest the need for more research, both short‐term and, more globally, long‐term.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="k1">host–pathogen interface</term><term xml:id="k2">co‐evolution/co‐adaptation</term><term xml:id="k3">avian influenza</term><term xml:id="k4">peste des petits ruminants</term><term xml:id="k5">Vietnam</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Part IX. Farm Animal Diseases</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2019-12-20" who="#istex" xml:id="pub2tei">formatting</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-35LW1T09-D/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisherName><publisherLoc>Malden, USA</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1749-6632</doi><issn type="print">0077-8923</issn><issn type="electronic">1749-6632</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="NYAS"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="ANNALS OF NEW YORK ACADEMY SCIENCES">Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="12001"><doi origin="wiley">10.1196/nyas.2008.1149.issue-1</doi><titleGroup><title type="main">Animal Biodiversity and Emerging Diseases Prediction and Prevention</title></titleGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="1149">1149</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2008-12">December 2008</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="67" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1196/annals.1428.086</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="NYAS1149086"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="4"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Part IX. Farm Animal Diseases</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2008 New York Academy of Sciences</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2008-12-15"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2008-12-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText" date="2010-02-27"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-19"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-14"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="259">259</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="262">262</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Address for correspondence: Dr. Jean‐Charles Maillard, CIRAD Regional Director for Continental South East Asia, 35 Dien Bien Phu, Hanoi, Vietnam. Voice: +844 37 34 67 75; fax: +844 37 34 67 83. <email normalForm="jean-charles.maillard@cirad.fr">jean‐charles.maillard@cirad.fr</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:NYAS.NYAS1149086.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="12"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="17"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Examples of Probable Host–Pathogen Co‐adaptation/Co‐evolution in Isolated Farmed Animal Populations in the Mountainous Regions of North Vietnam</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Jean‐Charles</givenNames><familyName>Maillard</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Kiem Phan</givenNames><familyName>Van</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Tung</givenNames><familyName>Nguyen</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Thu Nhu</givenNames><familyName>Van</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Cecile</givenNames><familyName>Berthouly</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>Genevieve</givenNames><familyName>Libeau</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr7" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>Olivier</givenNames><familyName>Kwiatek</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1"><unparsedAffiliation>Centre de Coopération International en Recherches Agronomiques pour le Développement, Hanoi, Vietnam</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2"><unparsedAffiliation>National Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hanoi, Vietnam</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3"><unparsedAffiliation>National Center for Veterinary Diagnostics, Hanoi, Vietnam</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="FR"><unparsedAffiliation>Centre de Coopération International en Recherches Agronomiques pour le Développement–Office International des Epizooties, Montpellier, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">host–pathogen interface</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">co‐evolution/co‐adaptation</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">avian influenza</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">peste des petits ruminants</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">Vietnam</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p>In Vietnam, for a number of specific geographical and historical reasons, the mountainous areas have preserved an exceptional diversity of wild and domestic animal species of high socioeconomic interest. This endemic genetic diversity fosters a rapid response to environmental change in mostly isolated local communities and, in particular, fosters the constant adaptation of ecosystems common to humans and farmed and wild animal populations and pathogens. During a 2‐year study carried out in several mountainous regions of North Vietnam near the Chinese border, we surveyed 1697 breeders in 249 villages and gathered 5815 biological samples among the four main domesticated species of food animals: chickens, cattle, buffaloes, and goats. Serological analyses were carried out by ELISA on 726 sera in order to assess the prevalence of antibodies specific to two major diseases suspected to be present in the region: avian influenza (AI) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR). The results reported here reveal the presence of antibodies specific to AI, but not the H5N1 highly pathogenic strain, and the presence of antibodies specific to PPR, confirming that this disease, never previously described in Southeast Asia, is present in this region, with no mortality and little or no evidence of clinical cases. These are probably situations of co‐evolutive epidemiological equilibrium between pathogen populations, which may have lost their virulence, and animal populations that have acquired genetic resistances over generations, either naturally or through genetic introgression from related wild species better adapted to such pathogens. These results suggest the need for more research, both short‐term and, more globally, long‐term.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Examples of Probable Host–Pathogen Co‐adaptation/Co‐evolution in Isolated Farmed Animal Populations in the Mountainous Regions of North Vietnam</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Examples of Probable Host–Pathogen Co‐adaptation/Co‐evolution in Isolated Farmed Animal Populations in the Mountainous Regions of North Vietnam</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean‐Charles</namePart><namePart type="family">Maillard</namePart><affiliation>Centre de Coopération International en Recherches Agronomiques pour le Développement, Hanoi, Vietnam</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kiem Phan</namePart><namePart type="family">Van</namePart><affiliation>National Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hanoi, Vietnam</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Tung</namePart><namePart type="family">Nguyen</namePart><affiliation>National Center for Veterinary Diagnostics, Hanoi, Vietnam</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Thu Nhu</namePart><namePart type="family">Van</namePart><affiliation>National Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hanoi, Vietnam</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Cecile</namePart><namePart type="family">Berthouly</namePart><affiliation>Centre de Coopération International en Recherches Agronomiques pour le Développement, Hanoi, Vietnam</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Genevieve</namePart><namePart type="family">Libeau</namePart><affiliation>Centre de Coopération International en Recherches Agronomiques pour le Développement–Office International des Epizooties, Montpellier, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Olivier</namePart><namePart type="family">Kwiatek</namePart><affiliation>Centre de Coopération International en Recherches Agronomiques pour le Développement–Office International des Epizooties, Montpellier, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Malden, USA</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2008-12</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">0</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="formulas">0</extent><extent unit="references">12</extent><extent unit="linksCrossRef">17</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">In Vietnam, for a number of specific geographical and historical reasons, the mountainous areas have preserved an exceptional diversity of wild and domestic animal species of high socioeconomic interest. This endemic genetic diversity fosters a rapid response to environmental change in mostly isolated local communities and, in particular, fosters the constant adaptation of ecosystems common to humans and farmed and wild animal populations and pathogens. During a 2‐year study carried out in several mountainous regions of North Vietnam near the Chinese border, we surveyed 1697 breeders in 249 villages and gathered 5815 biological samples among the four main domesticated species of food animals: chickens, cattle, buffaloes, and goats. Serological analyses were carried out by ELISA on 726 sera in order to assess the prevalence of antibodies specific to two major diseases suspected to be present in the region: avian influenza (AI) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR). The results reported here reveal the presence of antibodies specific to AI, but not the H5N1 highly pathogenic strain, and the presence of antibodies specific to PPR, confirming that this disease, never previously described in Southeast Asia, is present in this region, with no mortality and little or no evidence of clinical cases. These are probably situations of co‐evolutive epidemiological equilibrium between pathogen populations, which may have lost their virulence, and animal populations that have acquired genetic resistances over generations, either naturally or through genetic introgression from related wild species better adapted to such pathogens. These results suggest the need for more research, both short‐term and, more globally, long‐term.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>host–pathogen interface</topic><topic>co‐evolution/co‐adaptation</topic><topic>avian influenza</topic><topic>peste des petits ruminants</topic><topic>Vietnam</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0077-8923</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1749-6632</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1749-6632</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">NYAS</identifier><part><date>2008</date><detail type="title"><title>Animal Biodiversity and Emerging Diseases Prediction and Prevention</title></detail><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>1149</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>259</start><end>262</end><total>4</total></extent></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit1"><titleInfo><title>Biodiversity and emerging diseases</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.‐C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Maillard</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.‐P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gonzalez</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Maillard, J.‐C. & J.‐P. 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