Characterizing hepatitis B stigma in Chinese immigrants
Identifieur interne : 001008 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001007; suivant : 001009Characterizing hepatitis B stigma in Chinese immigrants
Auteurs : S. J. Cotler ; S. Cotler ; H. Xie ; B. J. Luc ; T. J. Layden ; S. S. WongSource :
- Journal of Viral Hepatitis [ 1352-0504 ] ; 2012-02.
Abstract
Summary. Health‐related stigma is a cause of stress, alienation and discrimination that can serve as a barrier to prevention and care for infectious diseases such as HIV. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related stigma is common in Asian immigrants, but has not been formally evaluated. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first HBV stigma instrument and to begin to evaluate HBV stigma in Chinese immigrants. The HBV stigma instrument was developed based on constructs from validated HIV stigma scales and organized into five domains. A written survey was compiled to include demographic data, HBV knowledge questions and stigma items. The survey was pilot tested in English and Chinese and then finalized. Data were obtained from 201 patients seen in an urban Chinatown Internal Medicine practice. The stigma items showed a high degree of reliability when assessed in aggregate (α = 0.85) as well as within individual domains. Stigma was greatest in the Fear of Contagion domain. Knowledge questions showed a corresponding deficit in understanding of modes of HBV transmission. An inverse relationship between stigma scores and familiarity with HBV provided evidence of construct validity. In multivariable analysis, having a family member with HBV and higher HBV knowledge subset scores were associated with lower degrees of stigma. In conclusion, the hepatitis B stigma instrument showed reliability and construct validity. The relationship identified between familiarity and knowledge regarding HBV with lower stigma scores provides the basis for the development of interventions to reduce HBV stigma.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01462.x
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Cotler</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cotler, S" sort="Cotler, S" uniqKey="Cotler S" first="S." last="Cotler">S. Cotler</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, DePaul University</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, H" sort="Xie, H" uniqKey="Xie H" first="H." last="Xie">H. Xie</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Research Scientist Quantitative Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luc, B J" sort="Luc, B J" uniqKey="Luc B" first="B. J." last="Luc">B. J. Luc</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Layden, T J" sort="Layden, T J" uniqKey="Layden T" first="T. J." last="Layden">T. J. Layden</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, S S" sort="Wong, S S" uniqKey="Wong S" first="S. S." last="Wong">S. S. Wong</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Viral Hepatitis</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS</title><idno type="ISSN">1352-0504</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2893</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">19</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="147">147</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="152">152</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">6</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-02">2012-02</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1352-0504</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1352-0504</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Summary. Health‐related stigma is a cause of stress, alienation and discrimination that can serve as a barrier to prevention and care for infectious diseases such as HIV. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related stigma is common in Asian immigrants, but has not been formally evaluated. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first HBV stigma instrument and to begin to evaluate HBV stigma in Chinese immigrants. The HBV stigma instrument was developed based on constructs from validated HIV stigma scales and organized into five domains. A written survey was compiled to include demographic data, HBV knowledge questions and stigma items. The survey was pilot tested in English and Chinese and then finalized. Data were obtained from 201 patients seen in an urban Chinatown Internal Medicine practice. The stigma items showed a high degree of reliability when assessed in aggregate (α = 0.85) as well as within individual domains. Stigma was greatest in the Fear of Contagion domain. Knowledge questions showed a corresponding deficit in understanding of modes of HBV transmission. An inverse relationship between stigma scores and familiarity with HBV provided evidence of construct validity. In multivariable analysis, having a family member with HBV and higher HBV knowledge subset scores were associated with lower degrees of stigma. In conclusion, the hepatitis B stigma instrument showed reliability and construct validity. The relationship identified between familiarity and knowledge regarding HBV with lower stigma scores provides the basis for the development of interventions to reduce HBV stigma.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>stigma</json:string><json:string>subset</json:string><json:string>chinese immigrant</json:string><json:string>stigma score</json:string><json:string>contagion domain</json:string><json:string>stigma instrument</json:string><json:string>knowledge subset score</json:string><json:string>family member</json:string><json:string>stigma item</json:string><json:string>multivariable analysis</json:string><json:string>knowledge question</json:string><json:string>blackwell publishing</json:string><json:string>high degree</json:string><json:string>asian immigrant</json:string><json:string>valid response</json:string><json:string>sexual intercourse</json:string><json:string>hepatitis</json:string><json:string>datum</json:string><json:string>psychol health</json:string><json:string>healthcare neglect domain</json:string><json:string>negative perception domain</json:string><json:string>stigma domain</json:string><json:string>knowledge score</json:string><json:string>lower degree</json:string><json:string>lower stigma score</json:string><json:string>study population</json:string><json:string>correct response</json:string><json:string>total knowledge score</json:string><json:string>contagion</json:string><json:string>immigrant</json:string><json:string>vaccination</json:string><json:string>reliability estimate</json:string><json:string>university student</json:string><json:string>continuous variable</json:string><json:string>stigma reduction programme</json:string><json:string>prescription medication</json:string><json:string>knowledge deficit</json:string><json:string>previous study</json:string><json:string>high school education</json:string><json:string>hong kong</json:string><json:string>high school</json:string><json:string>internal consistency</json:string><json:string>knowledge item</json:string><json:string>higher knowledge subset score</json:string><json:string>hepatocellular carcinoma</json:string><json:string>better understanding</json:string><json:string>negative perception</json:string><json:string>social isolation</json:string><json:string>chinese american</json:string><json:string>blood test</json:string><json:string>convenience sample</json:string><json:string>significant inverse correlation</json:string><json:string>linear regression</json:string><json:string>reliability</json:string><json:string>domain</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>S. J. Cotler</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Cotler</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychology, DePaul University</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>H. Xie</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Research Scientist Quantitative Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>B. J. Luc</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>T. J. Layden</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. S. 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Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related stigma is common in Asian immigrants, but has not been formally evaluated. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first HBV stigma instrument and to begin to evaluate HBV stigma in Chinese immigrants. The HBV stigma instrument was developed based on constructs from validated HIV stigma scales and organized into five domains. A written survey was compiled to include demographic data, HBV knowledge questions and stigma items. The survey was pilot tested in English and Chinese and then finalized. Data were obtained from 201 patients seen in an urban Chinatown Internal Medicine practice. The stigma items showed a high degree of reliability when assessed in aggregate (α = 0.85) as well as within individual domains. Stigma was greatest in the Fear of Contagion domain. Knowledge questions showed a corresponding deficit in understanding of modes of HBV transmission. An inverse relationship between stigma scores and familiarity with HBV provided evidence of construct validity. In multivariable analysis, having a family member with HBV and higher HBV knowledge subset scores were associated with lower degrees of stigma. In conclusion, the hepatitis B stigma instrument showed reliability and construct validity. 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S.</forename><surname>Wong</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="division">Department of Medicine</orgName><orgName type="institution">University of Illinois at Chicago</orgName></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">0B538250DEDE1B6B2152D9274C4093D38592627E</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-69P2ZNS0-Q</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01462.x</idno><idno type="unit">JVH1462</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JVH.JVH1462.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Viral Hepatitis</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS</title><idno type="pISSN">1352-0504</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2893</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2893</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/jvh.2012.19.issue-2</idno><idno type="product">JVH</idno><idno type="publisherDivision">ST</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">19</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="147">147</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="152">152</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">6</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-02"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><encodingDesc><schemaRef type="ODD" url="https://xml-schema.delivery.istex.fr/tei-istex.odd"></schemaRef><appInfo><application ident="pub2tei" version="1.0.10" when="2019-12-20"><label>pub2TEI-ISTEX</label><desc>A set of style sheets for converting XML documents encoded in various scientific publisher formats into a common TEI format.
<ref target="http://www.tei-c.org/">We use TEI</ref></desc></application></appInfo></encodingDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><p><hi rend="bold">Summary. </hi> Health‐related stigma is a cause of stress, alienation and discrimination that can serve as a barrier to prevention and care for infectious diseases such as HIV. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related stigma is common in Asian immigrants, but has not been formally evaluated. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first HBV stigma instrument and to begin to evaluate HBV stigma in Chinese immigrants. The HBV stigma instrument was developed based on constructs from validated HIV stigma scales and organized into five domains. A written survey was compiled to include demographic data, HBV knowledge questions and stigma items. The survey was pilot tested in English and Chinese and then finalized. Data were obtained from 201 patients seen in an urban Chinatown Internal Medicine practice. The stigma items showed a high degree of reliability when assessed in aggregate (α = 0.85) as well as within individual domains. Stigma was greatest in the Fear of Contagion domain. Knowledge questions showed a corresponding deficit in understanding of modes of HBV transmission. An inverse relationship between stigma scores and familiarity with HBV provided evidence of construct validity. In multivariable analysis, having a family member with HBV and higher HBV knowledge subset scores were associated with lower degrees of stigma. In conclusion, the hepatitis B stigma instrument showed reliability and construct validity. The relationship identified between familiarity and knowledge regarding HBV with lower stigma scores provides the basis for the development of interventions to reduce HBV stigma.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="k1">Chinese immigrants</term><term xml:id="k2">hepatitis B</term><term xml:id="k3">hepatitis B knowledge</term><term xml:id="k4">stigma</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2019-12-20" who="#istex" xml:id="pub2tei">formatting</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-69P2ZNS0-Q/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2893</doi><issn type="print">1352-0504</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-2893</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JVH"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS">Journal of Viral Hepatitis</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="02102"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jvh.2012.19.issue-2</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="19">19</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="2">2</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-02">February 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="9" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01462.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JVH1462"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="6"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">ORIGINAL ARTICLES</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:3.1.6 mode:FullText" date="2012-07-30"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2011-05-04"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-01-12"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-05-04"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="147">147</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="152">152</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Scott Cotler, MD, 840 S. Wood St., MC 787, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
E‐mail: <email>scotler@uic.edu</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JVH.JVH1462.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received December 2010; accepted for publication February 2011</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Characterizing hepatitis B stigma in Chinese immigrants</title><title type="shortAuthors"><i>S. J. Cotler</i> et al.</title><title type="short"><i>Hepatitis B stigma</i></title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>S. J.</givenNames><familyName>Cotler</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>S.</givenNames><familyName>Cotler</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>H.</givenNames><familyName>Xie</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>B. J.</givenNames><familyName>Luc</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>T. J.</givenNames><familyName>Layden</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>S. S.</givenNames><familyName>Wong</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Psychology, DePaul University</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Research Scientist Quantitative Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Chinese immigrants</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">hepatitis B</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">hepatitis B knowledge</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">stigma</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation><p><b>Table S1</b> Demographic features of the study
population (<i>n</i> = 201).</p><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:13520504:media:jvh1462:JVH_1462_sm_tS1"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Summary. </b> Health‐related stigma is a cause of stress, alienation and discrimination that can serve as a barrier to prevention and care for infectious diseases such as HIV. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related stigma is common in Asian immigrants, but has not been formally evaluated. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first HBV stigma instrument and to begin to evaluate HBV stigma in Chinese immigrants. The HBV stigma instrument was developed based on constructs from validated HIV stigma scales and organized into five domains. A written survey was compiled to include demographic data, HBV knowledge questions and stigma items. The survey was pilot tested in English and Chinese and then finalized. Data were obtained from 201 patients seen in an urban Chinatown Internal Medicine practice. The stigma items showed a high degree of reliability when assessed in aggregate (α = 0.85) as well as within individual domains. Stigma was greatest in the Fear of Contagion domain. Knowledge questions showed a corresponding deficit in understanding of modes of HBV transmission. An inverse relationship between stigma scores and familiarity with HBV provided evidence of construct validity. In multivariable analysis, having a family member with HBV and higher HBV knowledge subset scores were associated with lower degrees of stigma. In conclusion, the hepatitis B stigma instrument showed reliability and construct validity. The relationship identified between familiarity and knowledge regarding HBV with lower stigma scores provides the basis for the development of interventions to reduce HBV stigma.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Characterizing hepatitis B stigma in Chinese immigrants</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Hepatitis B stigma</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Characterizing hepatitis B stigma in Chinese immigrants</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S. J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cotler</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cotler</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychology, DePaul University</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Xie</namePart><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Research Scientist Quantitative Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">B. J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Luc</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T. J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Layden</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S. S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wong</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-02</dateIssued><edition>Received December 2010; accepted for publication February 2011</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">0</extent><extent unit="tables">2</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Summary. Health‐related stigma is a cause of stress, alienation and discrimination that can serve as a barrier to prevention and care for infectious diseases such as HIV. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related stigma is common in Asian immigrants, but has not been formally evaluated. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first HBV stigma instrument and to begin to evaluate HBV stigma in Chinese immigrants. The HBV stigma instrument was developed based on constructs from validated HIV stigma scales and organized into five domains. A written survey was compiled to include demographic data, HBV knowledge questions and stigma items. The survey was pilot tested in English and Chinese and then finalized. Data were obtained from 201 patients seen in an urban Chinatown Internal Medicine practice. The stigma items showed a high degree of reliability when assessed in aggregate (α = 0.85) as well as within individual domains. Stigma was greatest in the Fear of Contagion domain. Knowledge questions showed a corresponding deficit in understanding of modes of HBV transmission. An inverse relationship between stigma scores and familiarity with HBV provided evidence of construct validity. In multivariable analysis, having a family member with HBV and higher HBV knowledge subset scores were associated with lower degrees of stigma. In conclusion, the hepatitis B stigma instrument showed reliability and construct validity. The relationship identified between familiarity and knowledge regarding HBV with lower stigma scores provides the basis for the development of interventions to reduce HBV stigma.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Chinese immigrants</topic><topic>hepatitis B</topic><topic>hepatitis B knowledge</topic><topic>stigma</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Viral Hepatitis</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><note type="content"> Table S1 Demographic features of the study population (n = 201).Supporting Info Item: Supporting info item - </note><identifier type="ISSN">1352-0504</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-2893</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2893</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JVH</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>19</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>147</start><end>152</end><total>6</total></extent></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit1"><titleInfo><title>Hepatocellular carcinoma in the Asia pacific region</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">MF</namePart><namePart type="family">Yuen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JL</namePart><namePart type="family">Hou</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A</namePart><namePart type="family">Chutaputti</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Yuen MF, Hou JL, Chutaputti A. 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