PandemieGrippaleV1, Ncbi, Curation, bibRecord, 000841

Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

Identifieur interne : 000841 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 000840; suivant : 000842

Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

Auteurs : David S. Hui [Australie] ; Benny K. Chow [Australie] ; Leo C. Y. Chu [Australie] ; Susanna S. Ng [Australie] ; Stephen D. Hall [Australie] ; Tony Gin [Australie] ; Matthew T. V. Chan [Australie]

Source :

Chest [ 0012-3692 ] ; 2009.

RBID : PMC:7094435

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Aerosols, Air Movements, Exhalation, Hospital Units, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional, Influenza, Human (transmission), Lung Compliance, Lung Injury (physiopathology), Lung Injury (therapy), Manikins, Masks, Nebulizers and Vaporizers, Oxygen Consumption, Respiratory System, Ventilation.
MESH :
- chemical : Aerosols.
- physiopathology : Lung Injury.
- therapy : Lung Injury.
- transmission : Influenza, Human.
- Air Movements, Exhalation, Hospital Units, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional, Lung Compliance, Manikins, Masks, Nebulizers and Vaporizers, Oxygen Consumption, Respiratory System, Ventilation.

Abstract

Background

As part of our influenza pandemic preparedness, we studied the dispersion distances of exhaled air and aerosolized droplets during application of a jet nebulizer to a human patient simulator (HPS) programmed at normal lung condition and different severities of lung injury.

Methods

The experiments were conducted in a hospital isolation room with a pressure of − 5 Pa. Airflow was marked with intrapulmonary smoke. The jet nebulizer was driven by air at a constant flow rate of 6 L/min, with the mask reservoir filled with sterile water and attached to the HPS via a nebulizer mask. The exhaled leakage jet plume was revealed by a laser light sheet and images captured by high-definition video. Smoke concentration in the plume was estimated from the light scattered by smoke and droplet particles.

Findings

The maximum dispersion distance of smoke particles through the nebulizer side vent was 0.45 m lateral to the HPS at normal lung condition (oxygen consumption, 200 mL/min; lung compliance, 70 mL/cm H₂O), but it increased to 0.54 m in mild lung injury (oxygen consumption, 300 mL/min; lung compliance, 35 mL/cm H₂O), and beyond 0.8 m in severe lung injury (oxygen consumption, 500 mL/min; lung compliance, 10 mL/cm H₂O). More extensive leakage through the side vents of the nebulizer mask was noted with more severe lung injury.

Interpretation

Health-care workers should take extra protective precaution within at least 0.8 m from patients with febrile respiratory illness of unknown etiology receiving treatment via a jet nebulizer even in an isolation room with negative pressure.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094435

DOI: 10.1378/chest.08-1998
PubMed: 19265085
PubMed Central: 7094435

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<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (transmission)</term>
<term>Lung Compliance</term>
<term>Lung Injury (physiopathology)</term>
<term>Lung Injury (therapy)</term>
<term>Manikins</term>
<term>Masks</term>
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<term>Oxygen Consumption</term>
<term>Respiratory System</term>
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<term>Consommation d'oxygène</term>
<term>Expiration</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (transmission)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Lésion pulmonaire ()</term>
<term>Lésion pulmonaire (physiopathologie)</term>
<term>Mannequins</term>
<term>Masques</term>
<term>Mouvements de l'air</term>
<term>Nébuliseurs et vaporisateurs</term>
<term>Transmission de maladie infectieuse du patient au professionnel de santé</term>
<term>Unités hospitalières</term>
<term>Ventilation</term>
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</keywords>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Lung Injury</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Air Movements</term>
<term>Exhalation</term>
<term>Hospital Units</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional</term>
<term>Lung Compliance</term>
<term>Manikins</term>
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<term>Nebulizers and Vaporizers</term>
<term>Oxygen Consumption</term>
<term>Respiratory System</term>
<term>Ventilation</term>
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<term>Compliance pulmonaire</term>
<term>Consommation d'oxygène</term>
<term>Expiration</term>
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<term>Humains</term>
<term>Lésion pulmonaire</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>As part of our influenza pandemic preparedness, we studied the dispersion distances of exhaled air and aerosolized droplets during application of a jet nebulizer to a human patient simulator (HPS) programmed at normal lung condition and different severities of lung injury.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>The experiments were conducted in a hospital isolation room with a pressure of − 5 Pa. Airflow was marked with intrapulmonary smoke. The jet nebulizer was driven by air at a constant flow rate of 6 L/min, with the mask reservoir filled with sterile water and attached to the HPS via a nebulizer mask. The exhaled leakage jet plume was revealed by a laser light sheet and images captured by high-definition video. Smoke concentration in the plume was estimated from the light scattered by smoke and droplet particles.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Findings</title>
<p>The maximum dispersion distance of smoke particles through the nebulizer side vent was 0.45 m lateral to the HPS at normal lung condition (oxygen consumption, 200 mL/min; lung compliance, 70 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>
O), but it increased to 0.54 m in mild lung injury (oxygen consumption, 300 mL/min; lung compliance, 35 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>
O), and beyond 0.8 m in severe lung injury (oxygen consumption, 500 mL/min; lung compliance, 10 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>
O). More extensive leakage through the side vents of the nebulizer mask was noted with more severe lung injury.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Interpretation</title>
<p>Health-care workers should take extra protective precaution within at least 0.8 m from patients with febrile respiratory illness of unknown etiology receiving treatment via a jet nebulizer even in an isolation room with negative pressure.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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	Serveur d'exploration sur les pandémies grippales
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Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

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