Age-Specific Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Unravelling the Mystery of High Young Adult Mortality
Identifieur interne : 001709 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001708; suivant : 001710Age-Specific Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Unravelling the Mystery of High Young Adult Mortality
Auteurs : Alain Gagnon [Canada] ; Matthew S. Miller [États-Unis] ; Stacey A. Hallman [Canada] ; Robert Bourbeau [Canada] ; D. Ann Herring [Canada] ; David Jd. Earn [Canada] ; Joaquín Madrenas [Canada]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2013.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Canada (épidémiologie), Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Grippe humaine (mortalité), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Pandémies (), Répartition par âge, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, États-Unis d'Amérique (épidémiologie).
- MESH :
- mortalité : Grippe humaine.
- épidémiologie : Canada, Grippe humaine, États-Unis d'Amérique.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Pandémies, Répartition par âge, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Canada, États-Unis.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Canada (epidemiology), Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (mortality), Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics (statistics & numerical data), United States (epidemiology), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Canada, United States.
- epidemiology : Influenza, Human.
- mortality : Influenza, Human.
- statistics & numerical data : Pandemics.
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult.
Abstract
The worldwide spread of a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in 2009 showed that influenza remains a significant health threat, even for individuals in the prime of life. This paper focuses on the unusually high young adult mortality observed during the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. Using historical records from Canada and the U.S., we report a peak of mortality at the exact age of 28 during the pandemic and argue that this increased mortality resulted from an early life exposure to influenza during the previous Russian flu pandemic of 1889–90. We posit that in specific instances, development of immunological memory to an influenza virus strain in early life may lead to a dysregulated immune response to antigenically novel strains encountered in later life, thereby increasing the risk of death. Exposure during critical periods of development could also create holes in the T cell repertoire and impair fetal maturation in general, thereby increasing mortality from infectious diseases later in life. Knowledge of the age-pattern of susceptibility to mortality from influenza could improve crisis management during future influenza pandemics.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069586
PubMed: 23940526
PubMed Central: 3734171
Affiliations:
- Canada, États-Unis
- Ontario, Québec, État de New York
- Hamilton (Ontario), Montréal
- Université McGill, Université McMaster
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000D71
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000D71
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000637
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000969
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000969
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000A78
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 001709
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 001709
Links to Exploration step
PMC:3734171Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Age-Specific Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Unravelling the Mystery of High Young Adult Mortality</title>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, Alain" sort="Gagnon, Alain" uniqKey="Gagnon A" first="Alain" last="Gagnon">Alain Gagnon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Quebec</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Miller, Matthew S" sort="Miller, Matthew S" uniqKey="Miller M" first="Matthew S." last="Miller">Matthew S. Miller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hallman, Stacey A" sort="Hallman, Stacey A" uniqKey="Hallman S" first="Stacey A." last="Hallman">Stacey A. Hallman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Deparment of Sociology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Deparment of Sociology, Western University, London, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bourbeau, Robert" sort="Bourbeau, Robert" uniqKey="Bourbeau R" first="Robert" last="Bourbeau">Robert Bourbeau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Quebec</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herring, D Ann" sort="Herring, D Ann" uniqKey="Herring D" first="D. Ann" last="Herring">D. Ann Herring</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Earn, David Jd" sort="Earn, David Jd" uniqKey="Earn D" first="David Jd." last="Earn">David Jd. Earn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madrenas, Joaquin" sort="Madrenas, Joaquin" uniqKey="Madrenas J" first="Joaquín" last="Madrenas">Joaquín Madrenas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">23940526</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3734171</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3734171</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3734171</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0069586</idno>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D71</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D71</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000D71</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000D71</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000637</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000637</idno>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:23940526</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000969</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000969</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000969</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000969</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000A78</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000A78</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001709</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001709</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001709</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Age-Specific Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Unravelling the Mystery of High Young Adult Mortality</title>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, Alain" sort="Gagnon, Alain" uniqKey="Gagnon A" first="Alain" last="Gagnon">Alain Gagnon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Quebec</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Miller, Matthew S" sort="Miller, Matthew S" uniqKey="Miller M" first="Matthew S." last="Miller">Matthew S. Miller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hallman, Stacey A" sort="Hallman, Stacey A" uniqKey="Hallman S" first="Stacey A." last="Hallman">Stacey A. Hallman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Deparment of Sociology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Deparment of Sociology, Western University, London, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bourbeau, Robert" sort="Bourbeau, Robert" uniqKey="Bourbeau R" first="Robert" last="Bourbeau">Robert Bourbeau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Département de Démographie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Quebec</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herring, D Ann" sort="Herring, D Ann" uniqKey="Herring D" first="D. Ann" last="Herring">D. Ann Herring</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Earn, David Jd" sort="Earn, David Jd" uniqKey="Earn D" first="David Jd." last="Earn">David Jd. Earn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madrenas, Joaquin" sort="Madrenas, Joaquin" uniqKey="Madrenas J" first="Joaquín" last="Madrenas">Joaquín Madrenas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement>
<region type="state">Québec</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Age Distribution</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over</term>
<term>Canada (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Child, Preschool</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infant</term>
<term>Infant, Newborn</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (mortality)</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Pandemics (statistics & numerical data)</term>
<term>United States (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Canada (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (mortalité)</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Nourrisson</term>
<term>Nouveau-né</term>
<term>Pandémies ()</term>
<term>Répartition par âge</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term>
<term>États-Unis d'Amérique (épidémiologie)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Canada</term>
<term>United States</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Pandemics</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Canada</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
<term>États-Unis d'Amérique</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Age Distribution</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Child, Preschool</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infant</term>
<term>Infant, Newborn</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Nourrisson</term>
<term>Nouveau-né</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Répartition par âge</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Canada</term>
<term>États-Unis</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The worldwide spread of a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in 2009 showed that influenza remains a significant health threat, even for individuals in the prime of life. This paper focuses on the unusually high young adult mortality observed during the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. Using historical records from Canada and the U.S., we report a peak of mortality at the exact age of 28 during the pandemic and argue that this increased mortality resulted from an early life exposure to influenza during the previous Russian flu pandemic of 1889–90. We posit that in specific instances, development of immunological memory to an influenza virus strain in early life may lead to a dysregulated immune response to antigenically novel strains encountered in later life, thereby increasing the risk of death. Exposure during critical periods of development could also create holes in the T cell repertoire and impair fetal maturation in general, thereby increasing mortality from infectious diseases later in life. Knowledge of the age-pattern of susceptibility to mortality from influenza could improve crisis management during future influenza pandemics.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eisenstein, J" uniqKey="Eisenstein J">J Eisenstein</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Reid, Ah" uniqKey="Reid A">AH Reid</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Janczewski, Ta" uniqKey="Janczewski T">TA Janczewski</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morens, Dm" uniqKey="Morens D">DM Morens</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Francis, T" uniqKey="Francis T">T Francis</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reichert, T" uniqKey="Reichert T">T Reichert</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chowell, G" uniqKey="Chowell G">G Chowell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nishiura, H" uniqKey="Nishiura H">H Nishiura</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Ra" uniqKey="Christensen R">RA Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccullers, Ja" uniqKey="Mccullers J">JA McCullers</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ma, J" uniqKey="Ma J">J Ma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dushoff, J" uniqKey="Dushoff J">J Dushoff</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Earn, Djd" uniqKey="Earn D">DJD Earn</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shanks, Gd" uniqKey="Shanks G">GD Shanks</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brundage, Jf" uniqKey="Brundage J">JF Brundage</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oertel, H" uniqKey="Oertel H">H Oertel</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Luk, J" uniqKey="Luk J">J Luk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gross, P" uniqKey="Gross P">P Gross</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thompson, Ww" uniqKey="Thompson W">WW Thompson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Taubenberger, Jk" uniqKey="Taubenberger J">JK Taubenberger</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morens, Dm" uniqKey="Morens D">DM Morens</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Summers, Ja" uniqKey="Summers J">JA Summers</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wilson, N" uniqKey="Wilson N">N Wilson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baker, Mg" uniqKey="Baker M">MG Baker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shanks, Gd" uniqKey="Shanks G">GD Shanks</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hill, K" uniqKey="Hill K">K Hill</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chowell, G" uniqKey="Chowell G">G Chowell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simonsen, L" uniqKey="Simonsen L">L Simonsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Miller, Ma" uniqKey="Miller M">MA Miller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hurtado, J" uniqKey="Hurtado J">J Hurtado</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mamelund, S E" uniqKey="Mamelund S">S-E Mamelund</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Palese, P" uniqKey="Palese P">P Palese</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Morens, Dm" uniqKey="Morens D">DM Morens</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fauci, As" uniqKey="Fauci A">AS Fauci</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, R" uniqKey="Ahmed R">R Ahmed</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oldstone, Mba" uniqKey="Oldstone M">MBA Oldstone</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palese, P" uniqKey="Palese P">P Palese</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Noymer, A" uniqKey="Noymer A">A Noymer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garenne, M" uniqKey="Garenne M">M Garenne</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sawchuk, La" uniqKey="Sawchuk L">LA Sawchuk</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Loo, Ym" uniqKey="Loo Y">YM Loo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gale, M" uniqKey="Gale M">M Gale</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kobasa, D" uniqKey="Kobasa D">D Kobasa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jones, Sm" uniqKey="Jones S">SM Jones</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shinya, K" uniqKey="Shinya K">K Shinya</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kash, Jc" uniqKey="Kash J">JC Kash</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Copps, J" uniqKey="Copps J">J Copps</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bertoletti, A" uniqKey="Bertoletti A">A Bertoletti</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sette, A" uniqKey="Sette A">A Sette</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chisari, Fv" uniqKey="Chisari F">FV Chisari</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Penna, A" uniqKey="Penna A">A Penna</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Levrero, M" uniqKey="Levrero M">M Levrero</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Valleron, Aj" uniqKey="Valleron A">AJ Valleron</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cori, A" uniqKey="Cori A">A Cori</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Valtat, S" uniqKey="Valtat S">S Valtat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meurisse, S" uniqKey="Meurisse S">S Meurisse</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrat, F" uniqKey="Carrat F">F Carrat</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Legoff, J M" uniqKey="Legoff J">J-M LeGoff</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Curtin, Rg" uniqKey="Curtin R">RG Curtin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Watson, Ew" uniqKey="Watson E">EW Watson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Fb" uniqKey="Smith F">FB Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dowdle, Wr" uniqKey="Dowdle W">WR Dowdle</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Myers, Rj" uniqKey="Myers R">RJ Myers</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cleveland, Ws" uniqKey="Cleveland W">WS Cleveland</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Devlin, Sj" uniqKey="Devlin S">SJ Devlin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jh" uniqKey="Kim J">JH Kim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Skountzou, I" uniqKey="Skountzou I">I Skountzou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Compans, R" uniqKey="Compans R">R Compans</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jacob, J" uniqKey="Jacob J">J Jacob</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lessler, J" uniqKey="Lessler J">J Lessler</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Riley, S" uniqKey="Riley S">S Riley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Read, Jm" uniqKey="Read J">JM Read</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, S" uniqKey="Wang S">S Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhu, H" uniqKey="Zhu H">H Zhu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Am" uniqKey="Nguyen A">AM Nguyen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noymer, A" uniqKey="Noymer A">A Noymer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Damjanovic, D" uniqKey="Damjanovic D">D Damjanovic</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Small, C L" uniqKey="Small C">C-L Small</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jeyananthan, M" uniqKey="Jeyananthan M">M Jeyananthan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccormick, S" uniqKey="Mccormick S">S McCormick</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xing, Z" uniqKey="Xing Z">Z Xing</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Braciale, Tj" uniqKey="Braciale T">TJ Braciale</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sun, J" uniqKey="Sun J">J Sun</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, Ts" uniqKey="Kim T">TS Kim</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liang, S" uniqKey="Liang S">S Liang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mozdzanowska, K" uniqKey="Mozdzanowska K">K Mozdzanowska</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palladino, G" uniqKey="Palladino G">G Palladino</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gerhard, W" uniqKey="Gerhard W">W Gerhard</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wlodarczyk, Mf" uniqKey="Wlodarczyk M">MF Wlodarczyk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kraft, Ar" uniqKey="Kraft A">AR Kraft</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Hd" uniqKey="Chen H">HD Chen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kenney, Ll" uniqKey="Kenney L">LL Kenney</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Selin, Lk" uniqKey="Selin L">LK Selin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rimmelzwaan, Gf" uniqKey="Rimmelzwaan G">GF Rimmelzwaan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kreijtz, Jhcm" uniqKey="Kreijtz J">JHCM Kreijtz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bodewes, R" uniqKey="Bodewes R">R Bodewes</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fouchier, Ram" uniqKey="Fouchier R">RAM Fouchier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Adme" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">ADME Osterhaus</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, Y" uniqKey="Suzuki Y">Y Suzuki</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boni, Mf" uniqKey="Boni M">MF Boni</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gog, Jr" uniqKey="Gog J">JR Gog</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Andreasen, V" uniqKey="Andreasen V">V Andreasen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christiansen, Fb" uniqKey="Christiansen F">FB Christiansen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adkins, B" uniqKey="Adkins B">B Adkins</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leclerc, C" uniqKey="Leclerc C">C Leclerc</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marshall Clarke, S" uniqKey="Marshall Clarke S">S Marshall-Clarke</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Goodnow, Cc" uniqKey="Goodnow C">CC Goodnow</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hogquist, Ka" uniqKey="Hogquist K">KA Hogquist</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baldwin, Ta" uniqKey="Baldwin T">TA Baldwin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jameson, Sc" uniqKey="Jameson S">SC Jameson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Den Braber, I" uniqKey="Den Braber I">I Den Braber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mugwagwa, T" uniqKey="Mugwagwa T">T Mugwagwa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vrisekoop, N" uniqKey="Vrisekoop N">N Vrisekoop</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Westera, L" uniqKey="Westera L">L Westera</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mogling, R" uniqKey="Mogling R">R Mögling</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Almond, D" uniqKey="Almond D">D Almond</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barker, Dj" uniqKey="Barker D">DJ Barker</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gagnon, A" uniqKey="Gagnon A">A Gagnon</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jobe, Aj" uniqKey="Jobe A">AJ Jobe</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shaheen, So" uniqKey="Shaheen S">SO Shaheen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barker, Dj" uniqKey="Barker D">DJ Barker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shiell, Aw" uniqKey="Shiell A">AW Shiell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Crocker, Fj" uniqKey="Crocker F">FJ Crocker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wield, Ga" uniqKey="Wield G">GA Wield</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bengtsson, T" uniqKey="Bengtsson T">T Bengtsson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lindstrom, M" uniqKey="Lindstrom M">M Lindstrom</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bengtsson, T" uniqKey="Bengtsson T">T Bengtsson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brostrom, G" uniqKey="Brostrom G">G Broström</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Ontario</li>
<li>Québec</li>
<li>État de New York</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Hamilton (Ontario)</li>
<li>Montréal</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université McGill</li>
<li>Université McMaster</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gagnon, Alain" sort="Gagnon, Alain" uniqKey="Gagnon A" first="Alain" last="Gagnon">Alain Gagnon</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Bourbeau, Robert" sort="Bourbeau, Robert" uniqKey="Bourbeau R" first="Robert" last="Bourbeau">Robert Bourbeau</name>
<name sortKey="Earn, David Jd" sort="Earn, David Jd" uniqKey="Earn D" first="David Jd." last="Earn">David Jd. Earn</name>
<name sortKey="Earn, David Jd" sort="Earn, David Jd" uniqKey="Earn D" first="David Jd." last="Earn">David Jd. Earn</name>
<name sortKey="Hallman, Stacey A" sort="Hallman, Stacey A" uniqKey="Hallman S" first="Stacey A." last="Hallman">Stacey A. Hallman</name>
<name sortKey="Herring, D Ann" sort="Herring, D Ann" uniqKey="Herring D" first="D. Ann" last="Herring">D. Ann Herring</name>
<name sortKey="Madrenas, Joaquin" sort="Madrenas, Joaquin" uniqKey="Madrenas J" first="Joaquín" last="Madrenas">Joaquín Madrenas</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Miller, Matthew S" sort="Miller, Matthew S" uniqKey="Miller M" first="Matthew S." last="Miller">Matthew S. Miller</name>
</region>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/PandemieGrippaleV1/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001709 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 001709 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= PandemieGrippaleV1 |flux= Ncbi |étape= Checkpoint |type= RBID |clé= PMC:3734171 |texte= Age-Specific Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Unravelling the Mystery of High Young Adult Mortality }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:23940526" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PandemieGrippaleV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.34. | ![]() |