PandemieGrippaleV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecordById, PMC:7094435

Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

Identifieur interne : 004387 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004386; suivant : 004388

Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

Auteurs : David S. Hui [Hong Kong] ; Benny K. Chow [Hong Kong] ; Leo C. Y. Chu [Hong Kong] ; Susanna S. Ng [Hong Kong] ; Stephen D. Hall [Australie] ; Tony Gin [Hong Kong] ; Matthew T. V. Chan [Hong Kong]

Source :

Chest [ 0012-3692 ] ; 2009.

RBID : Pascal:09-0156339

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Appareil respiratoire, Aérosols, Compliance pulmonaire, Consommation d'oxygène, Expiration, Grippe humaine (transmission), Humains, Lésion pulmonaire (), Lésion pulmonaire (physiopathologie), Mannequins, Masques, Mouvements de l'air, Nébuliseurs et vaporisateurs, Transmission de maladie infectieuse du patient au professionnel de santé, Unités hospitalières, Ventilation.
MESH :
- physiopathologie : Lésion pulmonaire.
Pascal (Inist)
- Appareil respiratoire, Aérosols, Compliance pulmonaire, Consommation d'oxygène, Expiration, Grippe, Air, Aérosol, Dispersion, Application, Grippe humaine, Humains, Jet, Lésion pulmonaire, Mannequins, Masques, Mouvements de l'air, Nébuliseur, Nébuliseurs et vaporisateurs, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère, Anesthésie, Appareil circulatoire, Cardiologie, Transmission de maladie infectieuse du patient au professionnel de santé, Unités hospitalières, Ventilation.
Wicri :
- topic : Aérosol.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Aerosols, Air, Air Movements, Anesthesia, Application, Cardiology, Circulatory system, Dispersion, Exhalation, Hospital Units, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional, Influenza, Influenza, Human (transmission), Jet, Lung Compliance, Lung Injury (physiopathology), Lung Injury (therapy), Manikins, Masks, Nebulizer, Nebulizers and Vaporizers, Oxygen Consumption, Respiratory System, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Ventilation.
MESH :
- chemical : Aerosols.
- physiopathology : Lung Injury.
- therapy : Lung Injury.
- transmission : Influenza, Human.
- Air Movements, Exhalation, Hospital Units, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional, Lung Compliance, Manikins, Masks, Nebulizers and Vaporizers, Oxygen Consumption, Respiratory System, Ventilation.

Abstract

Background: As part of our influenza pandemic preparedness, we studied the dispersion distances of exhaled air and aerosolized droplets during application of a jet nebulizer to a human patient simulator (HPS) programmed at normal lung condition and different severities of lung injury. Methods: The experiments were conducted in a hospital isolation room with a pressure of - 5 Pa. Airflow was marked with intrapulmonary smoke. The jet nebulizer was driven by air at a constant flow rate of 6 L/min, with the mask reservoir filled with sterile water and attached to the HPS via a nebulizer mask. The exhaled leakage jet plume was revealed by a laser light sheet and images captured by high-definition video. Smoke concentration in the plume was estimated from the light scattered by smoke and droplet particles. Findings: The maximum dispersion distance of smoke particles through the nebulizer side vent was 0.45 m lateral to the HPS at normal lung condition (oxygen consumption, 200 mL/min; lung compliance, 70 mL/cm H₂O), but it increased to 0.54 m in mild lung injury (oxygen consumption, 300 mL/min; lung compliance, 35 mL/cm H₂O), and beyond 0.8 m in severe lung injury (oxygen consumption, 500 mL/min; lung compliance, 10 mL/cm H₂O). More extensive leakage through the side vents of the nebulizer mask was noted with more severe lung injury. Interpretation: Health-care workers should take extra protective precaution within at least 0.8 m from patients with febrile respiratory illness of unknown etiology receiving treatment via a jet nebulizer even in an isolation room with negative pressure.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094435

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Ng, Susanna S" sort="Ng, Susanna S" uniqKey="Ng S" first="Susanna S." last="Ng">Susanna S. Ng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong</s1>
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<wicri:noRegion>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Hall, Stephen D" sort="Hall, Stephen D" uniqKey="Hall S" first="Stephen D." last="Hall">Stephen D. Hall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>School of Mechanical Engineering The University of New South Wales</s1>
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<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
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<author><name sortKey="Gin, Tony" sort="Gin, Tony" uniqKey="Gin T" first="Tony" last="Gin">Tony Gin</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chan, Matthew T V" sort="Chan, Matthew T V" uniqKey="Chan M" first="Matthew T. V." last="Chan">Matthew T. V. Chan</name>
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<series><title level="j" type="main">Chest</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Chest</title>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aerosols</term>
<term>Air</term>
<term>Air Movements</term>
<term>Anesthesia</term>
<term>Application</term>
<term>Cardiology</term>
<term>Circulatory system</term>
<term>Dispersion</term>
<term>Exhalation</term>
<term>Hospital Units</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional</term>
<term>Influenza</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (transmission)</term>
<term>Jet</term>
<term>Lung Compliance</term>
<term>Lung Injury (physiopathology)</term>
<term>Lung Injury (therapy)</term>
<term>Manikins</term>
<term>Masks</term>
<term>Nebulizer</term>
<term>Nebulizers and Vaporizers</term>
<term>Oxygen Consumption</term>
<term>Respiratory System</term>
<term>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</term>
<term>Ventilation</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appareil respiratoire</term>
<term>Aérosols</term>
<term>Compliance pulmonaire</term>
<term>Consommation d'oxygène</term>
<term>Expiration</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (transmission)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Lésion pulmonaire ()</term>
<term>Lésion pulmonaire (physiopathologie)</term>
<term>Mannequins</term>
<term>Masques</term>
<term>Mouvements de l'air</term>
<term>Nébuliseurs et vaporisateurs</term>
<term>Transmission de maladie infectieuse du patient au professionnel de santé</term>
<term>Unités hospitalières</term>
<term>Ventilation</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>Aerosols</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lésion pulmonaire</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Lung Injury</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Lung Injury</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Air Movements</term>
<term>Exhalation</term>
<term>Hospital Units</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional</term>
<term>Lung Compliance</term>
<term>Manikins</term>
<term>Masks</term>
<term>Nebulizers and Vaporizers</term>
<term>Oxygen Consumption</term>
<term>Respiratory System</term>
<term>Ventilation</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appareil respiratoire</term>
<term>Aérosols</term>
<term>Compliance pulmonaire</term>
<term>Consommation d'oxygène</term>
<term>Expiration</term>
<term>Grippe</term>
<term>Air</term>
<term>Aérosol</term>
<term>Dispersion</term>
<term>Application</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Jet</term>
<term>Lésion pulmonaire</term>
<term>Mannequins</term>
<term>Masques</term>
<term>Mouvements de l'air</term>
<term>Nébuliseur</term>
<term>Nébuliseurs et vaporisateurs</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
<term>Anesthésie</term>
<term>Appareil circulatoire</term>
<term>Cardiologie</term>
<term>Transmission de maladie infectieuse du patient au professionnel de santé</term>
<term>Unités hospitalières</term>
<term>Ventilation</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Aérosol</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background: As part of our influenza pandemic preparedness, we studied the dispersion distances of exhaled air and aerosolized droplets during application of a jet nebulizer to a human patient simulator (HPS) programmed at normal lung condition and different severities of lung injury. Methods: The experiments were conducted in a hospital isolation room with a pressure of - 5 Pa. Airflow was marked with intrapulmonary smoke. The jet nebulizer was driven by air at a constant flow rate of 6 L/min, with the mask reservoir filled with sterile water and attached to the HPS via a nebulizer mask. The exhaled leakage jet plume was revealed by a laser light sheet and images captured by high-definition video. Smoke concentration in the plume was estimated from the light scattered by smoke and droplet particles. Findings: The maximum dispersion distance of smoke particles through the nebulizer side vent was 0.45 m lateral to the HPS at normal lung condition (oxygen consumption, 200 mL/min; lung compliance, 70 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>
O), but it increased to 0.54 m in mild lung injury (oxygen consumption, 300 mL/min; lung compliance, 35 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>
O), and beyond 0.8 m in severe lung injury (oxygen consumption, 500 mL/min; lung compliance, 10 mL/cm H<sub>2</sub>
O). More extensive leakage through the side vents of the nebulizer mask was noted with more severe lung injury. Interpretation: Health-care workers should take extra protective precaution within at least 0.8 m from patients with febrile respiratory illness of unknown etiology receiving treatment via a jet nebulizer even in an isolation room with negative pressure.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li>
<li>Hong Kong</li>
</country>
<settlement><li>Sha Tin</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université chinoise de Hong Kong</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Hong Kong"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hui, David S" sort="Hui, David S" uniqKey="Hui D" first="David S." last="Hui">David S. Hui</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Chan, Matthew T V" sort="Chan, Matthew T V" uniqKey="Chan M" first="Matthew T. V." last="Chan">Matthew T. V. Chan</name>
<name sortKey="Chow, Benny K" sort="Chow, Benny K" uniqKey="Chow B" first="Benny K." last="Chow">Benny K. Chow</name>
<name sortKey="Chu, Leo C Y" sort="Chu, Leo C Y" uniqKey="Chu L" first="Leo C. Y." last="Chu">Leo C. Y. Chu</name>
<name sortKey="Gin, Tony" sort="Gin, Tony" uniqKey="Gin T" first="Tony" last="Gin">Tony Gin</name>
<name sortKey="Ng, Susanna S" sort="Ng, Susanna S" uniqKey="Ng S" first="Susanna S." last="Ng">Susanna S. Ng</name>
</country>
<country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hall, Stephen D" sort="Hall, Stephen D" uniqKey="Hall S" first="Stephen D." last="Hall">Stephen D. Hall</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

Exhaled Air and Aerosolized Droplet Dispersion During Application of a Jet Nebulizer

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Abstract

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