Abnormal explicit but not implicit sequence learning in pre-manifest and early Huntington’s disease
Identifieur interne : 002B92 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002B91; suivant : 002B93Abnormal explicit but not implicit sequence learning in pre-manifest and early Huntington’s disease
Auteurs : Susanne A. Schneider [Royaume-Uni] ; Leonora Wilkinson [Royaume-Uni] ; Kailash P. Bhatia [Royaume-Uni] ; Susie Henley [Royaume-Uni] ; John C. Rothwell [Royaume-Uni] ; Sarah J. Tabrizi [Royaume-Uni] ; Marjan Jahanshahi [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2010.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Age of Onset, Executive Function (physiology), Female, Humans, Huntington Disease (complications), Huntington Disease (genetics), Learning Disorders (classification), Learning Disorders (etiology), Male, Memory, Short-Term (physiology), Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Serial Learning (physiology), Statistics as Topic, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion (genetics).
- MESH :
- classification : Learning Disorders.
- complications : Huntington Disease.
- etiology : Learning Disorders.
- genetics : Huntington Disease, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion.
- physiology : Executive Function, Memory, Short-Term, Serial Learning.
- Adult, Age of Onset, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Statistics as Topic.
Abstract
Learning may occur with or without awareness, as explicit (intentional) or implicit (incidental) learning. The caudate nucleus and the putamen, which are affected early in Huntington’s disease (HD), are thought to be essential for motor sequence learning. However, the results of existing studies are inconsistent concerning presence/absence of deficits in implicit and explicit motor sequence learning in HD. We assessed implicit and explicit motor sequence learning using sequences of equivalent structure in fifteen individuals with a positive HD genetic test (7 pre-manifest; 8 early stage disease) and 11 matched controls. The HD group showed evidence of implicit motor sequence learning, whereas explicit motor sequence learning was impaired in manifest and pre-manifest HD gene carriers, with progressive decline with progressive disease. Explicit sequence learning may be a useful cognitive biomarker for HD progression.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/mds.22692
PubMed: 20544716
PubMed Central: 2997693
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Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, Leonora" sort="Wilkinson, Leonora" uniqKey="Wilkinson L" first="Leonora" last="Wilkinson">Leonora Wilkinson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P." last="Bhatia">Kailash P. 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Rothwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabrizi, Sarah J" sort="Tabrizi, Sarah J" uniqKey="Tabrizi S" first="Sarah J." last="Tabrizi">Sarah J. Tabrizi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahanshahi, Marjan" sort="Jahanshahi, Marjan" uniqKey="Jahanshahi M" first="Marjan" last="Jahanshahi">Marjan Jahanshahi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Age of Onset</term><term>Executive Function (physiology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Huntington Disease (complications)</term><term>Huntington Disease (genetics)</term><term>Learning Disorders (classification)</term><term>Learning Disorders (etiology)</term><term>Male</term><term>Memory, Short-Term (physiology)</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neuropsychological Tests</term><term>Serial Learning (physiology)</term><term>Statistics as Topic</term><term>Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion (genetics)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Learning Disorders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Huntington Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Learning Disorders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Huntington Disease</term><term>Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Executive Function</term><term>Memory, Short-Term</term><term>Serial Learning</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Age of Onset</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neuropsychological Tests</term><term>Statistics as Topic</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P4">Learning may occur with or without awareness, as explicit (intentional) or implicit (incidental) learning. The caudate nucleus and the putamen, which are affected early in Huntington’s disease (HD), are thought to be essential for motor sequence learning. However, the results of existing studies are inconsistent concerning presence/absence of deficits in implicit and explicit motor sequence learning in HD. We assessed implicit and explicit motor sequence learning using sequences of equivalent structure in fifteen individuals with a positive HD genetic test (7 pre-manifest; 8 early stage disease) and 11 matched controls. The HD group showed evidence of implicit motor sequence learning, whereas explicit motor sequence learning was impaired in manifest and pre-manifest HD gene carriers, with progressive decline with progressive disease. Explicit sequence learning may be a useful cognitive biomarker for HD progression.</p></div></front></TEI><double pmid="20544716"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Abnormal explicit but not implicit sequence learning in pre-manifest and early Huntington’s disease</title><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Susanne A" sort="Schneider, Susanne A" uniqKey="Schneider S" first="Susanne A." last="Schneider">Susanne A. Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, Leonora" sort="Wilkinson, Leonora" uniqKey="Wilkinson L" first="Leonora" last="Wilkinson">Leonora Wilkinson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P." last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henley, Susie" sort="Henley, Susie" uniqKey="Henley S" first="Susie" last="Henley">Susie Henley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rothwell, John C" sort="Rothwell, John C" uniqKey="Rothwell J" first="John C." last="Rothwell">John C. Rothwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabrizi, Sarah J" sort="Tabrizi, Sarah J" uniqKey="Tabrizi S" first="Sarah J." last="Tabrizi">Sarah J. Tabrizi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahanshahi, Marjan" sort="Jahanshahi, Marjan" uniqKey="Jahanshahi M" first="Marjan" last="Jahanshahi">Marjan Jahanshahi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">20544716</idno><idno type="pmc">2997693</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2997693</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2997693</idno><idno type="doi">10.1002/mds.22692</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000223</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000223</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000371</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Abnormal explicit but not implicit sequence learning in pre-manifest and early Huntington’s disease</title><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Susanne A" sort="Schneider, Susanne A" uniqKey="Schneider S" first="Susanne A." last="Schneider">Susanne A. Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, Leonora" sort="Wilkinson, Leonora" uniqKey="Wilkinson L" first="Leonora" last="Wilkinson">Leonora Wilkinson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P." last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henley, Susie" sort="Henley, Susie" uniqKey="Henley S" first="Susie" last="Henley">Susie Henley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rothwell, John C" sort="Rothwell, John C" uniqKey="Rothwell J" first="John C." last="Rothwell">John C. Rothwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabrizi, Sarah J" sort="Tabrizi, Sarah J" uniqKey="Tabrizi S" first="Sarah J." last="Tabrizi">Sarah J. Tabrizi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahanshahi, Marjan" sort="Jahanshahi, Marjan" uniqKey="Jahanshahi M" first="Marjan" last="Jahanshahi">Marjan Jahanshahi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1"> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea> Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queen Square; London WC1N 3BG</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P4">Learning may occur with or without awareness, as explicit (intentional) or implicit (incidental) learning. The caudate nucleus and the putamen, which are affected early in Huntington’s disease (HD), are thought to be essential for motor sequence learning. However, the results of existing studies are inconsistent concerning presence/absence of deficits in implicit and explicit motor sequence learning in HD. We assessed implicit and explicit motor sequence learning using sequences of equivalent structure in fifteen individuals with a positive HD genetic test (7 pre-manifest; 8 early stage disease) and 11 matched controls. The HD group showed evidence of implicit motor sequence learning, whereas explicit motor sequence learning was impaired in manifest and pre-manifest HD gene carriers, with progressive decline with progressive disease. Explicit sequence learning may be a useful cognitive biomarker for HD progression.</p></div></front></TEI></pmc><pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Abnormal explicit but normal implicit sequence learning in premanifest and early Huntington's disease.</title><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Susanne A" sort="Schneider, Susanne A" uniqKey="Schneider S" first="Susanne A" last="Schneider">Susanne A. Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square,London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square,London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, Leonora" sort="Wilkinson, Leonora" uniqKey="Wilkinson L" first="Leonora" last="Wilkinson">Leonora Wilkinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henley, Susie M D" sort="Henley, Susie M D" uniqKey="Henley S" first="Susie M D" last="Henley">Susie M D. Henley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rothwell, John C" sort="Rothwell, John C" uniqKey="Rothwell J" first="John C" last="Rothwell">John C. Rothwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tabrizi, Sarah J" sort="Tabrizi, Sarah J" uniqKey="Tabrizi S" first="Sarah J" last="Tabrizi">Sarah J. Tabrizi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jahanshahi, Marjan" sort="Jahanshahi, Marjan" uniqKey="Jahanshahi M" first="Marjan" last="Jahanshahi">Marjan Jahanshahi</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/mds.22692</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:20544716</idno><idno type="pmid">20544716</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001810</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001810</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">001A63</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Abnormal explicit but normal implicit sequence learning in premanifest and early Huntington's disease.</title><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Susanne A" sort="Schneider, Susanne A" uniqKey="Schneider S" first="Susanne A" last="Schneider">Susanne A. Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square,London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square,London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, Leonora" sort="Wilkinson, Leonora" uniqKey="Wilkinson L" first="Leonora" last="Wilkinson">Leonora Wilkinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henley, Susie M D" sort="Henley, Susie M D" uniqKey="Henley S" first="Susie M D" last="Henley">Susie M D. Henley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rothwell, John C" sort="Rothwell, John C" uniqKey="Rothwell J" first="John C" last="Rothwell">John C. Rothwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tabrizi, Sarah J" sort="Tabrizi, Sarah J" uniqKey="Tabrizi S" first="Sarah J" last="Tabrizi">Sarah J. Tabrizi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jahanshahi, Marjan" sort="Jahanshahi, Marjan" uniqKey="Jahanshahi M" first="Marjan" last="Jahanshahi">Marjan Jahanshahi</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><date when="2010" type="published">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Age of Onset</term><term>Executive Function (physiology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Huntington Disease (complications)</term><term>Huntington Disease (genetics)</term><term>Learning Disorders (classification)</term><term>Learning Disorders (etiology)</term><term>Male</term><term>Memory, Short-Term (physiology)</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neuropsychological Tests</term><term>Serial Learning (physiology)</term><term>Statistics as Topic</term><term>Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion (genetics)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Learning Disorders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Huntington Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Learning Disorders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Huntington Disease</term><term>Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Executive Function</term><term>Memory, Short-Term</term><term>Serial Learning</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Age of Onset</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neuropsychological Tests</term><term>Statistics as Topic</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Learning may occur with or without awareness, as explicit (intentional) or implicit (incidental) learning. The caudate nucleus and the putamen, which are affected early in Huntington's disease (HD), are thought to be essential for motor sequence learning. However, the results of existing studies are inconsistent concerning presence/absence of deficits in implicit and explicit motor sequence learning in HD. We assessed implicit and explicit motor sequence learning using sequences of equivalent structure in 15 individuals with a positive HD genetic test (7 premanifest; 8 early stage disease) and 11 matched controls. The HD group showed evidence of normal implicit motor sequence learning, whereas explicit motor sequence learning was impaired in manifest and premanifest HD gene carriers, with progressive decline with progressive disease. Explicit sequence learning may be a useful cognitive biomarker for HD progression.</div></front></TEI></pubmed></double></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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