Airflow as a Possible Transmission Route of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at an Initial Outbreak Hospital in Korea.
Identifieur interne : 000701 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000700; suivant : 000702Airflow as a Possible Transmission Route of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at an Initial Outbreak Hospital in Korea.
Auteurs : Minki Sung ; Seongmin Jo ; Sang-Eun Lee ; Moran Ki ; Bo Youl Choi ; Jinkwan HongSource :
- International journal of environmental research and public health [ 1660-4601 ] ; 2018.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Republic of Korea.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections.
- transmission : Coronavirus Infections.
- Disease Outbreaks, Hospitals, Humans, Ventilation, Wind.
Abstract
In this study, the results of an airflow investigation conducted on 7 June 2015 as part of a series of epidemiologic investigations at Pyeongtaek St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea, were investigated. The study involved 38 individuals who were infected directly and indirectly with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), by a super-spreader patient. Tracer gas experiments conducted on the eighth floor, where the initial patient was hospitalized, confirmed that the tracer gas spread to adjacent patient rooms and rooms across corridors. In particular, the experiment with an external wind direction and speed similar to those during the hospitalization of the initial patient revealed that the air change rate was 17⁻20 air changes per hour (ACH), with air introduced through the window in the room of the infected patient (room 8104). The tracer gas concentration of room 8110, which was the farthest room, was 7.56% of room 8104, indicating that a high concentration of gas has spread from room 8104 to rooms across the corridor. In contrast, the tracer gas was barely detected in a maternity ward to the south of room 8104, where there was no secondary infected patient. Moreover, MERS is known to spread mainly by droplets through close contact, but long-distance dispersion is probable in certain environments, such as that of a super-spreader patient hospitalized in a room without ventilation, hospitals with a central corridor type, and indoor airflow dispersion due to external wind.
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122757
PubMed: 30563206
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:30563206Le document en format XML
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Control and Prevention, Cheongju 28159, Korea. ondalgl@korea.kr.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ki, Moran" sort="Ki, Moran" uniqKey="Ki M" first="Moran" last="Ki">Moran Ki</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea. moranki@ncc.re.kr.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Bo Youl" sort="Choi, Bo Youl" uniqKey="Choi B" first="Bo Youl" last="Choi">Bo Youl Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College, Seoul 04763, Korea. bychoi@hanyang.ac.kr.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hong, Jinkwan" sort="Hong, Jinkwan" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jinkwan" last="Hong">Jinkwan Hong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of HVAC & Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea. 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first="Seongmin" last="Jo">Seongmin Jo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, 209, Seoul 05006, Korea. joseongmin01@naver.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sang Eun" sort="Lee, Sang Eun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sang-Eun" last="Lee">Sang-Eun Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju 28159, Korea. ondalgl@korea.kr.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ki, Moran" sort="Ki, Moran" uniqKey="Ki M" first="Moran" last="Ki">Moran Ki</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea. moranki@ncc.re.kr.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Bo Youl" sort="Choi, Bo Youl" uniqKey="Choi B" first="Bo Youl" last="Choi">Bo Youl Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College, Seoul 04763, Korea. bychoi@hanyang.ac.kr.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hong, Jinkwan" sort="Hong, Jinkwan" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jinkwan" last="Hong">Jinkwan Hong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of HVAC & Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea. jkhong@gachon.ac.kr.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International journal of environmental research and public health</title><idno type="eISSN">1660-4601</idno><imprint><date when="2018" type="published">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (transmission)</term><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Hospitals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Republic of Korea (epidemiology)</term><term>Ventilation</term><term>Wind</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Republic of Korea</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Hospitals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Ventilation</term><term>Wind</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In this study, the results of an airflow investigation conducted on 7 June 2015 as part of a series of epidemiologic investigations at Pyeongtaek St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea, were investigated. The study involved 38 individuals who were infected directly and indirectly with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), by a super-spreader patient. Tracer gas experiments conducted on the eighth floor, where the initial patient was hospitalized, confirmed that the tracer gas spread to adjacent patient rooms and rooms across corridors. In particular, the experiment with an external wind direction and speed similar to those during the hospitalization of the initial patient revealed that the air change rate was 17⁻20 air changes per hour (ACH), with air introduced through the window in the room of the infected patient (room 8104). The tracer gas concentration of room 8110, which was the farthest room, was 7.56% of room 8104, indicating that a high concentration of gas has spread from room 8104 to rooms across the corridor. In contrast, the tracer gas was barely detected in a maternity ward to the south of room 8104, where there was no secondary infected patient. Moreover, MERS is known to spread mainly by droplets through close contact, but long-distance dispersion is probable in certain environments, such as that of a super-spreader patient hospitalized in a room without ventilation, hospitals with a central corridor type, and indoor airflow dispersion due to external wind.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">30563206</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2019</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>14</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>25</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1660-4601</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>15</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>06</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of environmental research and public health</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Environ Res Public Health</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Airflow as a Possible Transmission Route of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at an Initial Outbreak Hospital in Korea.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">E2757</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/ijerph15122757</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>In this study, the results of an airflow investigation conducted on 7 June 2015 as part of a series of epidemiologic investigations at Pyeongtaek St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea, were investigated. The study involved 38 individuals who were infected directly and indirectly with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), by a super-spreader patient. Tracer gas experiments conducted on the eighth floor, where the initial patient was hospitalized, confirmed that the tracer gas spread to adjacent patient rooms and rooms across corridors. In particular, the experiment with an external wind direction and speed similar to those during the hospitalization of the initial patient revealed that the air change rate was 17⁻20 air changes per hour (ACH), with air introduced through the window in the room of the infected patient (room 8104). The tracer gas concentration of room 8110, which was the farthest room, was 7.56% of room 8104, indicating that a high concentration of gas has spread from room 8104 to rooms across the corridor. In contrast, the tracer gas was barely detected in a maternity ward to the south of room 8104, where there was no secondary infected patient. Moreover, MERS is known to spread mainly by droplets through close contact, but long-distance dispersion is probable in certain environments, such as that of a super-spreader patient hospitalized in a room without ventilation, hospitals with a central corridor type, and indoor airflow dispersion due to external wind.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sung</LastName><ForeName>Minki</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-8915-2710</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, 209, Seoul 05006, Korea. mksung@sejong.ac.kr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jo</LastName><ForeName>Seongmin</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, 209, Seoul 05006, Korea. joseongmin01@naver.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Sang-Eun</ForeName><Initials>SE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju 28159, Korea. ondalgl@korea.kr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ki</LastName><ForeName>Moran</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8892-7104</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea. moranki@ncc.re.kr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choi</LastName><ForeName>Bo Youl</ForeName><Initials>BY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College, Seoul 04763, Korea. bychoi@hanyang.ac.kr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hong</LastName><ForeName>JinKwan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-5064-837X</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of HVAC & Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea. jkhong@gachon.ac.kr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>06</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Environ Res Public Health</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101238455</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1660-4601</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus 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