Oral health-related quality of life and prosthetic status of nursing home residents with or without dementia
Identifieur interne : 002B12 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 002B11; suivant : 002B13Oral health-related quality of life and prosthetic status of nursing home residents with or without dementia
Auteurs : Anna-Luisa Klotz ; Alexander Jochen Hassel ; Johannes Schröder [Allemagne] ; Peter Rammelsberg ; Andreas ZenthöferSource :
- Clinical Interventions in Aging [ 1176-9092 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effect of prosthetic status on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of nursing home residents with or without dementia.
The study was performed in 14 nursing homes across the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. All eligible participants were included, and general and medical information and information about their dental and prosthetic statuses were collected. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was administered to evaluate OHRQoL. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) served to classify participants into living or not living with dementia according to the established cutoff value for dementia (MMSE <24). Parametric bivariate statistics and logistic regression models were used to analyze data at
A total of 169 participants were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 82.9 years. A total of some 70% of the sample was living with dementia. The mean GOHAI score along the sample was 49.1 (8.3), and 41% of the sample reported substantially compromised OHRQoL (GOHAI <50). OHRQoL was statistically similar for people with or without dementia (
The OHRQoL of elderly nursing home residents is substantially compromised. Several prosthetic treatment needs for residents living with or without dementia were identified. Edentulism without tooth replacement and having <5 teeth resulted in an increased risk of substantially compromised OHRQoL. Further studies should be conducted to determine whether improvements in prosthetic status can increase OHRQoL.
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DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S125128
PubMed: 28442895
PubMed Central: 5396830
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Anna-Luisa Klotz<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Oral health-related quality of life and prosthetic status of nursing home residents with or without dementia</title><author><name sortKey="Klotz, Anna Luisa" sort="Klotz, Anna Luisa" uniqKey="Klotz A" first="Anna-Luisa" last="Klotz">Anna-Luisa Klotz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hassel, Alexander Jochen" sort="Hassel, Alexander Jochen" uniqKey="Hassel A" first="Alexander Jochen" last="Hassel">Alexander Jochen Hassel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schroder, Johannes" sort="Schroder, Johannes" uniqKey="Schroder J" first="Johannes" last="Schröder">Johannes Schröder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-cia-12-659">Institute of Gerontology</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-cia-12-659">Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rammelsberg, Peter" sort="Rammelsberg, Peter" uniqKey="Rammelsberg P" first="Peter" last="Rammelsberg">Peter Rammelsberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zenthofer, Andreas" sort="Zenthofer, Andreas" uniqKey="Zenthofer A" first="Andreas" last="Zenthöfer">Andreas Zenthöfer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">28442895</idno><idno type="pmc">5396830</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5396830</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5396830</idno><idno type="doi">10.2147/CIA.S125128</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002B12</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002B12</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002B12</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002B12</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Oral health-related quality of life and prosthetic status of nursing home residents with or without dementia</title><author><name sortKey="Klotz, Anna Luisa" sort="Klotz, Anna Luisa" uniqKey="Klotz A" first="Anna-Luisa" last="Klotz">Anna-Luisa Klotz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hassel, Alexander Jochen" sort="Hassel, Alexander Jochen" uniqKey="Hassel A" first="Alexander Jochen" last="Hassel">Alexander Jochen Hassel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schroder, Johannes" sort="Schroder, Johannes" uniqKey="Schroder J" first="Johannes" last="Schröder">Johannes Schröder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-cia-12-659">Institute of Gerontology</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-cia-12-659">Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rammelsberg, Peter" sort="Rammelsberg, Peter" uniqKey="Rammelsberg P" first="Peter" last="Rammelsberg">Peter Rammelsberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zenthofer, Andreas" sort="Zenthofer, Andreas" uniqKey="Zenthofer A" first="Andreas" last="Zenthöfer">Andreas Zenthöfer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-cia-12-659">Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Dental School</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Clinical Interventions in Aging</title><idno type="ISSN">1176-9092</idno><idno type="eISSN">1178-1998</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effect of prosthetic status on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of nursing home residents with or without dementia.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The study was performed in 14 nursing homes across the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. All eligible participants were included, and general and medical information and information about their dental and prosthetic statuses were collected. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was administered to evaluate OHRQoL. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) served to classify participants into living or not living with dementia according to the established cutoff value for dementia (MMSE <24). Parametric bivariate statistics and logistic regression models were used to analyze data at <italic>P</italic><0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 169 participants were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 82.9 years. A total of some 70% of the sample was living with dementia. The mean GOHAI score along the sample was 49.1 (8.3), and 41% of the sample reported substantially compromised OHRQoL (GOHAI <50). OHRQoL was statistically similar for people with or without dementia (<italic>P</italic>=0.234); objective oral health was also similar in both groups (<italic>P</italic>>0.05). The number of teeth (odds ratio [OR]: 2.0), the type of prosthetic status (OR: 6.5), and denture-related treatment needs (OR: 2.4) were the major factors significantly affecting OHRQoL (<italic>P</italic><0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The OHRQoL of elderly nursing home residents is substantially compromised. Several prosthetic treatment needs for residents living with or without dementia were identified. Edentulism without tooth replacement and having <5 teeth resulted in an increased risk of substantially compromised OHRQoL. Further studies should be conducted to determine whether improvements in prosthetic status can increase OHRQoL.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adam, H" uniqKey="Adam H">H Adam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Preston, Aj" uniqKey="Preston A">AJ Preston</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Montal, S" uniqKey="Montal S">S Montal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tramini, P" uniqKey="Tramini P">P Tramini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Triay, Ja" uniqKey="Triay J">JA Triay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Valcarcel, J" uniqKey="Valcarcel J">J Valcarcel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zenthofer, A" uniqKey="Zenthofer A">A Zenthofer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dieke, R" uniqKey="Dieke R">R Dieke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dieke, A" uniqKey="Dieke A">A 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Clin Interv Aging</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Clin Interv Aging</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Clinical Interventions in Aging</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Clinical Interventions in Aging</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1176-9092</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1178-1998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Dove Medical Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28442895</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5396830</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2147/CIA.S125128</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">cia-12-659</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Oral health-related quality of life and prosthetic status of nursing home residents with or without dementia</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Klotz</surname><given-names>Anna-Luisa</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-cia-12-659">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-cia-12-659"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hassel</surname><given-names>Alexander Jochen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-cia-12-659">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schröder</surname><given-names>Johannes</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-cia-12-659">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3-cia-12-659">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rammelsberg</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-cia-12-659">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zenthöfer</surname><given-names>Andreas</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-cia-12-659">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1-cia-12-659"><label>1</label>Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School</aff><aff id="af2-cia-12-659"><label>2</label>Institute of Gerontology</aff><aff id="af3-cia-12-659"><label>3</label>Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</aff><author-notes><corresp id="c1-cia-12-659">Correspondence: Anna-Luisa Klotz, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Tel +49 6221 56 8799, Fax +49 6221 56 5371, Email <email>anna-luisa.klotz@med.uni-heidelberg.de</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>4</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><fpage>659</fpage><lpage>665</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2017 Klotz et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><license><license-p>The full terms of this license are available at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php">https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php</ext-link> and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</ext-link>). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effect of prosthetic status on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of nursing home residents with or without dementia.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The study was performed in 14 nursing homes across the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. All eligible participants were included, and general and medical information and information about their dental and prosthetic statuses were collected. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was administered to evaluate OHRQoL. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) served to classify participants into living or not living with dementia according to the established cutoff value for dementia (MMSE <24). Parametric bivariate statistics and logistic regression models were used to analyze data at <italic>P</italic><0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 169 participants were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 82.9 years. A total of some 70% of the sample was living with dementia. The mean GOHAI score along the sample was 49.1 (8.3), and 41% of the sample reported substantially compromised OHRQoL (GOHAI <50). OHRQoL was statistically similar for people with or without dementia (<italic>P</italic>=0.234); objective oral health was also similar in both groups (<italic>P</italic>>0.05). The number of teeth (odds ratio [OR]: 2.0), the type of prosthetic status (OR: 6.5), and denture-related treatment needs (OR: 2.4) were the major factors significantly affecting OHRQoL (<italic>P</italic><0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The OHRQoL of elderly nursing home residents is substantially compromised. Several prosthetic treatment needs for residents living with or without dementia were identified. Edentulism without tooth replacement and having <5 teeth resulted in an increased risk of substantially compromised OHRQoL. Further studies should be conducted to determine whether improvements in prosthetic status can increase OHRQoL.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><title>Keywords</title><kwd>nursing home</kwd><kwd>dementia</kwd><kwd>oral health-related quality of life</kwd><kwd>prosthetic condition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><table-wrap id="t1-cia-12-659" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Characteristics of the participants</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND (n=45)</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">D (n=124)</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total sample<break></break>(n=169)</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">82.3 (8.9)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">83.1 (8.9)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">82.9 (8.9)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.594</td></tr><tr><td colspan="5" valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1">Gender<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tfn2-cia-12-659">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Male</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (18%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">47 (38%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">55 (33%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.014</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Female</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37 (82%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">77 (62%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">114 (67%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Disease</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 (2.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.6 (2.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.5 (2.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.569</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drugs</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.2 (3.5)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5 (3.3)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.7 (3.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.256</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Teeth</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.1 (9.0)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.3 (8.9)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.3 (8.9)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.861</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MMSE</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26.3 (1.8)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12.5 (7.1)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16.2 (8.6)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><<bold>0.001</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GOHAI</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50.3 (8.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48.6 (8.3)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">49.1 (8.3)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.234</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ROAG</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 (1.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.4 (1.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3 (1.3)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.186</td></tr><tr><td colspan="5" valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1">Type of denture<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tfn2-cia-12-659">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> FDP</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (16%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25 (20%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32 (19%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.894</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> RDP</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (24%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26 (21%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37 (22%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> CD</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24 (53%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">66 (53%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90 (53%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> E, NP</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (7%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (6%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (6%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="5" valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1">Denture condition (n=143)</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Sufficient</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19 (42%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">33 (34%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">52 (36%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.174</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Insufficient</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26 (58%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">65 (66%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">91 (64%)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn1-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Notes:</bold> D, suffering from dementia; ND, not suffering from dementia; E, NP, edentulous without teeth replacement. Significant <italic>P</italic>-values are marked in bold. Data are presented as mean (SD) or frequencies (<italic>n</italic>=169).</p></fn><fn id="tfn2-cia-12-659"><label>a</label><p>Chi-squared test.</p></fn><fn id="tfn3-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> CD, complete denture; FDP, fixed denture prosthesis; GOHAI, Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; RDP, removable partial denture; ROAG, revised oral assessment guide; SD, standard deviation.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t2-cia-12-659" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Target variables and their associations with OHRQoL (n=169)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variable</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>R</italic></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GOHAI</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−0.079</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.305</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Female</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>–</italic></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48.5 (8.8)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.381</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Male</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>–</italic></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50.4 (7.0)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diseases</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.650</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drugs</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−0.132</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.087</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Teeth</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.286</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><<bold>0.001</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ROAG</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−0.152</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.049</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No dementia</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50.3 (8.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.073</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Dementia</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48.6 (8.3)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type of denture</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> FDP</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">53.0 (6.6)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><<bold>0.001</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> RDP</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">49.6 (8.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> CDP</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48.3 (8.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> E, NP</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">41.3 (8.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Denture condition (<italic>n</italic>=137)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Sufficient</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50.8 (6.7)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.013</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Insufficient</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">47.2 (8.8)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn4-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Notes:</bold> E, NP, edentulous without teeth replacement. Pearson’s correlation for continuous variables; <italic>t</italic>-tests or generalized linear mixed equations for categorized variables. Significant <italic>P</italic>-values are marked in bold.</p></fn><fn id="tfn5-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> CDP, complete denture prosthesis; FDP, fixed denture prosthesis; GOHAI, Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index; OHRQoL, oral health-related quality of life; ROAG, revised oral assessment guide; RPD, removable partial denture.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t3-cia-12-659" position="float"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Multivariate logistic regression model with a GOHAI cutoff value of 50 as the dependent variable and with the independent dichotomized confounders for all participants (n=169)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Confounder</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Odds ratio</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower border, 95% CI</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Upper limit, 95% CI</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age (older)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.5</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.3</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.066</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender (male)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.6</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.3</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.128</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Dementia</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.8</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.5</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.211</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ROAG (more problems)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.5</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.866</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type of denture<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tfn7-cia-12-659">a</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32.4</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.023</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Number of teeth (<5)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.0</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.036</bold></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn6-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Notes:</bold> Significant <italic>P</italic>-values are marked in bold.</p></fn><fn id="tfn7-cia-12-659"><label>a</label><p>Analysis of no prosthetic restoration in case of edentulism vs CD, RDP, and FDP.</p></fn><fn id="tfn8-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> CD, complete denture; FDP, fixed denture prosthesis; GOHAI, Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index; ROAG, revised oral assessment guide; RPD, removable partial denture.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t4-cia-12-659" position="float"><label>Table 4</label><caption><p>Multivariate logistic regression model with a GOHAI cutoff value of 50 as the dependent variable and with the independent dichotomized confounders for denture wearers only (n=137)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Confounder</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Odds ratio</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower border, 95% CI</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Upper limit, 95% CI</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age (older)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.4</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.2</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.9</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.028</bold></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender (male)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.7</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.3</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.340</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Dementia</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.8</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.4</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.178</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ROAG (more problems)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.7</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.3</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.492</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type of denture<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tfn10-cia-12-659">a</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.8</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.6</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.152</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Number of teeth (<5)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.4</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.6</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.915</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Denture condition insufficient</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.4</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.0</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.024</bold></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn9-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Notes:</bold> Significant <italic>P</italic>-values are marked in bold.</p></fn><fn id="tfn10-cia-12-659"><label>a</label><p>Analysis: CD vs RPD.</p></fn><fn id="tfn11-cia-12-659"><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> CD, complete denture; 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