Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order
Identifieur interne : 001412 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001411; suivant : 001413Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order
Auteurs : Beatrice SantoriniSource :
- Natural Language & Linguistic Theory [ 0167-806X ] ; 1992-11-01.
Abstract
Abstract: Early Yiddish exhibited a root-subordinate asymmetry with respect to the verb-second (V2) phenomenon, whereas modern Yiddish does so no longer. A quantitative investigation of early and modern Yiddish texts reveals that the generalization of the V2 phenomenon in the history of Yiddish can be described as the result of two syntactic changes: (1) a change from INFL-final to INFL-medial phrase structure, and (2) a change in the locus of the finiteness operator [+F] that affects nominative case assignment and allows non-subjects as well as subjects to occupy the clause-initial position Spec(IP). Specifically, the quantitative investigation provides evidence that the phrase structure change progressed via synchronic grammatical variation in the usage of individual speakers. It is further proposed that modern Icelandic, like early Yiddish, exhibits synchronic variation with respect to the locus of [+F].
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DOI: 10.1007/BF00133331
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</title><author><name sortKey="Santorini, Beatrice" sort="Santorini, Beatrice" uniqKey="Santorini B" first="Beatrice" last="Santorini">Beatrice Santorini</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Linguistics, Northwestern University, 60208-4090, Evanston, IL</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73</idno><date when="1992" year="1992">1992</date><idno type="doi">10.1007/BF00133331</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001412</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001412</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</title><author><name sortKey="Santorini, Beatrice" sort="Santorini, Beatrice" uniqKey="Santorini B" first="Beatrice" last="Santorini">Beatrice Santorini</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Linguistics, Northwestern University, 60208-4090, Evanston, IL</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Natural Language & Linguistic Theory</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Nat Lang Linguist Theory</title><idno type="ISSN">0167-806X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1573-0859</idno><imprint><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><pubPlace>Dordrecht</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1992-11-01">1992-11-01</date><biblScope unit="volume">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="595">595</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="640">640</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0167-806X</idno></series><idno type="istex">6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1007/BF00133331</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BF00133331</idno><idno type="ArticleID">Art3</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0167-806X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Early Yiddish exhibited a root-subordinate asymmetry with respect to the verb-second (V2) phenomenon, whereas modern Yiddish does so no longer. A quantitative investigation of early and modern Yiddish texts reveals that the generalization of the V2 phenomenon in the history of Yiddish can be described as the result of two syntactic changes: (1) a change from INFL-final to INFL-medial phrase structure, and (2) a change in the locus of the finiteness operator [+F] that affects nominative case assignment and allows non-subjects as well as subjects to occupy the clause-initial position Spec(IP). Specifically, the quantitative investigation provides evidence that the phrase structure change progressed via synchronic grammatical variation in the usage of individual speakers. It is further proposed that modern Icelandic, like early Yiddish, exhibits synchronic variation with respect to the locus of [+F].</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>springer</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Beatrice Santorini</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Linguistics, Northwestern University, 60208-4090, Evanston, IL</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>BF00133331</json:string><json:string>Art3</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>OriginalPaper</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: Early Yiddish exhibited a root-subordinate asymmetry with respect to the verb-second (V2) phenomenon, whereas modern Yiddish does so no longer. A quantitative investigation of early and modern Yiddish texts reveals that the generalization of the V2 phenomenon in the history of Yiddish can be described as the result of two syntactic changes: (1) a change from INFL-final to INFL-medial phrase structure, and (2) a change in the locus of the finiteness operator [+F] that affects nominative case assignment and allows non-subjects as well as subjects to occupy the clause-initial position Spec(IP). Specifically, the quantitative investigation provides evidence that the phrase structure change progressed via synchronic grammatical variation in the usage of individual speakers. It is further proposed that modern Icelandic, like early Yiddish, exhibits synchronic variation with respect to the locus of [+F].</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.608</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>450 x 684 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>920</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>14787</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>87447</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>46</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>134</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>A,E Cowley</name></json:item></author><host><author></author><title>The distribution of particles Concise Catalogue of the tlebrew Printed Books in the Bodleian Library Einfiihrung in die jiddische Literatur Di geshikhte fun der yidisher literatur (The history of Yiddish literature), Congress for Jewish Culture</title><publicationDate>1928</publicationDate></host><title>Hence, if these diagnostic elements follow an inflected verb, we may conclude, following Travis (1984) and den Besten and Moed-van Walraven (1986), that this is the result of the inflected verb having moved leftward from its underlying position immediately following the diagnostic element into a clause</title><publicationDate>1928</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>Switzerland Zug</name></json:item><json:item><name> Steinschneider</name></json:item><json:item><name> Moritz</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>1860</last><first>1852</first></pages><author></author><title>Catalogus librorum Hebraeorum in Bibliotheca Bodleiana</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name>J Zedner</name></json:item></author><title>1867, Catalogue of the Hebrew Books in the British Museum. 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Robotics)</value></json:item><json:item><value>Linguistics (general)</value></json:item></subject><journalId><json:string>11049</json:string></journalId><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1573-0859</json:string></eissn><title>Natural Language & Linguistic Theory</title><publicationDate>1992</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1992</copyrightDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>social science</json:string><json:string>linguistics</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>arts & humanities</json:string><json:string>communication & textual studies</json:string><json:string>languages & linguistics</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>1992</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1992</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1007/BF00133331</json:string></doi><id>6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73</id><score>0.013427716</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</title><respStmt><resp>Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID</resp><name resp="ISTEX-API">ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)</name></respStmt><respStmt><resp>Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID</resp><name resp="ISTEX-API">ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)</name></respStmt></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><pubPlace>Dordrecht</pubPlace><availability><p>Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992</p></availability><date>1989-01-11</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Beatrice</forename><surname>Santorini</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Linguistics, Northwestern University, 60208-4090, Evanston, IL</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Natural Language & Linguistic Theory</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Nat Lang Linguist Theory</title><idno type="journal-ID">11049</idno><idno type="pISSN">0167-806X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1573-0859</idno><idno type="issue-article-count">5</idno><idno type="volume-issue-count">4</idno><imprint><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><pubPlace>Dordrecht</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1992-11-01"></date><biblScope unit="volume">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="595">595</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="640">640</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1007/BF00133331</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BF00133331</idno><idno type="ArticleID">Art3</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1989-01-11</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: Early Yiddish exhibited a root-subordinate asymmetry with respect to the verb-second (V2) phenomenon, whereas modern Yiddish does so no longer. A quantitative investigation of early and modern Yiddish texts reveals that the generalization of the V2 phenomenon in the history of Yiddish can be described as the result of two syntactic changes: (1) a change from INFL-final to INFL-medial phrase structure, and (2) a change in the locus of the finiteness operator [+F] that affects nominative case assignment and allows non-subjects as well as subjects to occupy the clause-initial position Spec(IP). Specifically, the quantitative investigation provides evidence that the phrase structure change progressed via synchronic grammatical variation in the usage of individual speakers. It is further proposed that modern Icelandic, like early Yiddish, exhibits synchronic variation with respect to the locus of [+F].</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>Linguistics</head><item><term>Philosophy of Language</term></item><item><term>Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)</term></item><item><term>Linguistics (general)</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1989-01-11">Created</change><change when="1992-11-01">Published</change><change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2016-11-22">References added</change><change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2017-01-20">References added</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/6762F2D0BDAD99EB520A65BF2CC57DE6CD745C73/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Springer, Publisher found" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//Springer-Verlag//DTD A++ V2.4//EN" URI="http://devel.springer.de/A++/V2.4/DTD/A++V2.4.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><Publisher><PublisherInfo><PublisherName>Kluwer Academic Publishers</PublisherName><PublisherLocation>Dordrecht</PublisherLocation></PublisherInfo><Journal><JournalInfo JournalProductType="ArchiveJournal" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered"><JournalID>11049</JournalID><JournalPrintISSN>0167-806X</JournalPrintISSN><JournalElectronicISSN>1573-0859</JournalElectronicISSN><JournalTitle>Natural Language & Linguistic Theory</JournalTitle><JournalAbbreviatedTitle>Nat Lang Linguist Theory</JournalAbbreviatedTitle><JournalSubjectGroup><JournalSubject Type="Primary">Linguistics</JournalSubject><JournalSubject Type="Secondary">Philosophy of Language</JournalSubject><JournalSubject Type="Secondary">Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)</JournalSubject><JournalSubject Type="Secondary">Linguistics (general)</JournalSubject></JournalSubjectGroup></JournalInfo><Volume><VolumeInfo VolumeType="Regular" TocLevels="0"><VolumeIDStart>10</VolumeIDStart><VolumeIDEnd>10</VolumeIDEnd><VolumeIssueCount>4</VolumeIssueCount></VolumeInfo><Issue IssueType="Regular"><IssueInfo TocLevels="0"><IssueIDStart>4</IssueIDStart><IssueIDEnd>4</IssueIDEnd><IssueArticleCount>5</IssueArticleCount><IssueHistory><CoverDate><Year>1992</Year><Month>11</Month></CoverDate></IssueHistory><IssueCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Kluwer Academic Publishers</CopyrightHolderName><CopyrightYear>1992</CopyrightYear></IssueCopyright></IssueInfo><Article ID="Art3"><ArticleInfo Language="En" ArticleType="OriginalPaper" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered" TocLevels="0" ContainsESM="No"><ArticleID>BF00133331</ArticleID><ArticleDOI>10.1007/BF00133331</ArticleDOI><ArticleSequenceNumber>3</ArticleSequenceNumber><ArticleTitle Language="En">Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</ArticleTitle><ArticleFirstPage>595</ArticleFirstPage><ArticleLastPage>640</ArticleLastPage><ArticleHistory><RegistrationDate><Year>2004</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>2</Day></RegistrationDate><Received><Year>1989</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>11</Day></Received><Revised><Year>1991</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>11</Day></Revised></ArticleHistory><ArticleCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Kluwer Academic Publishers</CopyrightHolderName><CopyrightYear>1992</CopyrightYear></ArticleCopyright><ArticleGrants Type="Regular"><MetadataGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></MetadataGrant><AbstractGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></AbstractGrant><BodyPDFGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyPDFGrant><BodyHTMLGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyHTMLGrant><BibliographyGrant Grant="Restricted"></BibliographyGrant><ESMGrant Grant="Restricted"></ESMGrant></ArticleGrants><ArticleContext><JournalID>11049</JournalID><VolumeIDStart>10</VolumeIDStart><VolumeIDEnd>10</VolumeIDEnd><IssueIDStart>4</IssueIDStart><IssueIDEnd>4</IssueIDEnd></ArticleContext></ArticleInfo><ArticleHeader><AuthorGroup><Author AffiliationIDS="Aff1"><AuthorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Beatrice</GivenName><FamilyName>Santorini</FamilyName></AuthorName></Author><Affiliation ID="Aff1"><OrgDivision>Department of Linguistics</OrgDivision><OrgName>Northwestern University</OrgName><OrgAddress><Postcode>60208-4090</Postcode><City>Evanston</City><State>IL</State></OrgAddress></Affiliation></AuthorGroup><Abstract ID="Abs1" Language="En"><Heading>Abstract</Heading><Para>Early Yiddish exhibited a root-subordinate asymmetry with respect to the verb-second (V2) phenomenon, whereas modern Yiddish does so no longer. A quantitative investigation of early and modern Yiddish texts reveals that the generalization of the V2 phenomenon in the history of Yiddish can be described as the result of two syntactic changes: (1) a change from INFL-final to INFL-medial phrase structure, and (2) a change in the locus of the finiteness operator [+F] that affects nominative case assignment and allows non-subjects as well as subjects to occupy the clause-initial position Spec(IP). Specifically, the quantitative investigation provides evidence that the phrase structure change progressed via synchronic grammatical variation in the usage of individual speakers. It is further proposed that modern Icelandic, like early Yiddish, exhibits synchronic variation with respect to the locus of [+F].</Para></Abstract><ArticleNote Type="Misc"><SimplePara>In writing this paper, which is based in part on results reported in my thesis, I have relied on a great many people in many different ways, and it is a privilege and a pleasure to acknowledge their help. A number of linguists have responded to previous versions with valuable comments for which I am grateful: the members of my thesis committee — Anthony Kroch, Ellen Prince and Jack Hoeksema — as well as Molly Diesing, Robert Frank, Tilman Höhle, Joan Maling, David Pesetsky, Susan Pintzuk, Christer Platzack, Raffaella Zanuttini, and audiences at the 9th Annual Meeting of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Association québécoise de linguistique</Emphasis>, the First Generative Diachronic Syntax Conference, the Jersey Syntax Circle, Brown University, Cornell University, the University of Delaware and the University of Lund. A special thank-you to Caroline Heycock for much helpful discussion concerning nominative case assignment, to Jim McCloskey for encouragement at just the right moment, and to three anonymous <Emphasis Type="Italic">NLLT</Emphasis> reviewers, whose detailed comments have substantially improved the exposition and contents of the paper. Mascha Benya-Matz, David Braun and Itsik Gotesman kindly provided native speaker judgments for modern Yiddish. The work on early Yiddish could not have been carried out without the assistance of the staff of the Oriental Reading Room at the Bodleian Library at Oxford University (Yasuko Hatcher, Shu-ching Naughton, Stella Newman, Angela Stimpson and Margaret Tippett), the staff of the Oriental Reading Room at the British Library (Mr. M. Nolan, Miss G. Rawlings, Mr. P. Stocks and Miss N. Vail), and Dina Abramowitz and Zachary Baker of the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research. Finally, Erika Timm and Walter Röll of the University of Trier generously shared with me their philological expertise on early Yiddish. The responsibility for all remaining errors and shortcomings rests with me.</SimplePara></ArticleNote></ArticleHeader><NoBody></NoBody></Article></Issue></Volume></Journal></Publisher></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Variation and change in Yiddish subordinate clause word order</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Beatrice</namePart><namePart type="family">Santorini</namePart><affiliation>Department of Linguistics, Northwestern University, 60208-4090, Evanston, IL</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="OriginalPaper"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Dordrecht</placeTerm></place><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">1989-01-11</dateCreated><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1992-11-01</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1992</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Abstract: Early Yiddish exhibited a root-subordinate asymmetry with respect to the verb-second (V2) phenomenon, whereas modern Yiddish does so no longer. A quantitative investigation of early and modern Yiddish texts reveals that the generalization of the V2 phenomenon in the history of Yiddish can be described as the result of two syntactic changes: (1) a change from INFL-final to INFL-medial phrase structure, and (2) a change in the locus of the finiteness operator [+F] that affects nominative case assignment and allows non-subjects as well as subjects to occupy the clause-initial position Spec(IP). Specifically, the quantitative investigation provides evidence that the phrase structure change progressed via synchronic grammatical variation in the usage of individual speakers. It is further proposed that modern Icelandic, like early Yiddish, exhibits synchronic variation with respect to the locus of [+F].</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Natural Language & Linguistic Theory</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Nat Lang Linguist Theory</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" displayLabel="Archive Journal"></genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1992-11-01</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1992</copyrightDate></originInfo><subject><genre>Linguistics</genre><topic>Philosophy of Language</topic><topic>Artificial Intelligence (incl. 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