Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany
Identifieur interne : 001267 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001266; suivant : 001268Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany
Auteurs : Christoph Emmerling ; Michael Schloter ; Anton Hartmann ; Ellen KandelerSource :
- Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science [ 1436-8730 ] ; 2002-08.
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Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.
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DOI: 10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title><author><name sortKey="Emmerling, Christoph" sort="Emmerling, Christoph" uniqKey="Emmerling C" first="Christoph" last="Emmerling">Christoph Emmerling</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. Bodenkunde, Universitätsring 15, D‐54286 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: emmerling@uni‐trier.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schloter, Michael" sort="Schloter, Michael" uniqKey="Schloter M" first="Michael" last="Schloter">Michael Schloter</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hartmann, Anton" sort="Hartmann, Anton" uniqKey="Hartmann A" first="Anton" last="Hartmann">Anton Hartmann</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kandeler, Ellen" sort="Kandeler, Ellen" uniqKey="Kandeler E" first="Ellen" last="Kandeler">Ellen Kandeler</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde, D‐70599 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA</idno><date when="2002" year="2002">2002</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001267</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001267</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title><author><name sortKey="Emmerling, Christoph" sort="Emmerling, Christoph" uniqKey="Emmerling C" first="Christoph" last="Emmerling">Christoph Emmerling</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. Bodenkunde, Universitätsring 15, D‐54286 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: emmerling@uni‐trier.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schloter, Michael" sort="Schloter, Michael" uniqKey="Schloter M" first="Michael" last="Schloter">Michael Schloter</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hartmann, Anton" sort="Hartmann, Anton" uniqKey="Hartmann A" first="Anton" last="Hartmann">Anton Hartmann</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kandeler, Ellen" sort="Kandeler, Ellen" uniqKey="Kandeler E" first="Ellen" last="Kandeler">Ellen Kandeler</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde, D‐70599 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Z. 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Bodenk.</title><idno type="ISSN">1436-8730</idno><idno type="eISSN">1522-2624</idno><imprint><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2002-08">2002-08</date><biblScope unit="volume">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="408">408</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="420">420</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1436-8730</idno></series><idno type="istex">DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JPLN408</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1436-8730</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>catabolic profiles</term><term>ecosystem engineers</term><term>functional diversity</term><term>functional gene analysis</term><term>genetic microdiversity</term><term>soil enzymes</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Christoph Emmerling</name><affiliations><json:string>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. Bodenkunde, Universitätsring 15, D‐54286 Trier, Germany</json:string><json:string>E-mail: emmerling@uni‐trier.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Michael Schloter</name><affiliations><json:string>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Anton Hartmann</name><affiliations><json:string>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ellen Kandeler</name><affiliations><json:string>Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde, D‐70599 Stuttgart, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>functional diversity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>ecosystem engineers</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>soil enzymes</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>catabolic profiles</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>functional gene analysis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>genetic microdiversity</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JPLN408</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.356</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 794 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>815</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>10387</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>69331</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>113</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. 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KGaA, Weinheim, 2002</p></availability><date>2002</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Christoph</forename><surname>Emmerling</surname></persName><email>emmerling@uni‐trier.de</email><affiliation>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. Bodenkunde, Universitätsring 15, D‐54286 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Michael</forename><surname>Schloter</surname></persName><affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Anton</forename><surname>Hartmann</surname></persName><affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Ellen</forename><surname>Kandeler</surname></persName><affiliation>Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde, D‐70599 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.</title><idno type="pISSN">1436-8730</idno><idno type="eISSN">1522-2624</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</idno><imprint><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2002-08"></date><biblScope unit="volume">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="408">408</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="420">420</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JPLN408</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2002</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="de"><p>Funktionelle Diversität von Bodenorganismen Dieser Artikel gibt einen überblick über neuere Untersuchungen zur funktionellen Diversität von Mikroorganismen, einigen Vertretern der Bodenmesofauna, sowie der Bodenmakrofauna. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Kombination von phänotypischen und genotypischen Untersuchungsmethoden die Erkenntnisse über die Beziehung von struktureller (phylogenetischer) und funktioneller Diversität von tierischen und mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften erweitern kann. Die Detailkenntnis der Gensequenzen der zentralen mikrobiellen Transformationsprozesse erlaubt die Untersuchung der Anwesenheit und Diversität dieses Genpools in Böden. Eine gleichzeitige phylogenetische Identifizierung und Funktionsanalyse auf Einzelzellniveau ist durch den gleichzeitigen Einsatz von Fluoreszenz in situ Hybridisierung mit Gensonden und Mikroautoradiographie möglich. Studien zu Wechselwirkungen von Bodentieren und Bodenmikroorganismen haben die funktionelle Bedeutung von Bodenorganismen geklärt.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>functional diversity</term></item><item><term>ecosystem engineers</term></item><item><term>soil enzymes</term></item><item><term>catabolic profiles</term></item><item><term>functional gene analysis</term></item><item><term>genetic microdiversity</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Research Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2002-05-27">Registration</change><change when="2002-08">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisherName><publisherLoc>Weinheim</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</doi><issn type="print">1436-8730</issn><issn type="electronic">1522-2624</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JPLN"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE ZEITSCHRIFT FUER PFLANZENERNAEHRUNG UND BODENKUNDE">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title><title type="tocForm">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science / Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde</title><title type="short">Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="40"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<>1.0.CO;2-B</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="165">165</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">4</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2002-08">August 2002</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="6" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JPLN408"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="13"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Research Article</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2002</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2002-05-27"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2002-08-02"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2002-08-02"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-03-09"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">408</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">420</numbering></numberingGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JPLN.JPLN408.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="182"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Christoph</givenNames><familyName>Emmerling</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email normalForm="emmerling@uni-trier.de">emmerling@uni‐trier.de</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Michael</givenNames><familyName>Schloter</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Anton</givenNames><familyName>Hartmann</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Ellen</givenNames><familyName>Kandeler</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. Bodenkunde, Universitätsring 15, D‐54286 Trier, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde, D‐70599 Stuttgart, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">functional diversity</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">ecosystem engineers</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">soil enzymes</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">catabolic profiles</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">functional gene analysis</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd6">genetic microdiversity</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells <i>in situ</i> is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</p></abstract><abstract type="main" xml:lang="de"><p>Funktionelle Diversität von Bodenorganismen</p><p>Dieser Artikel gibt einen überblick über neuere Untersuchungen zur funktionellen Diversität von Mikroorganismen, einigen Vertretern der Bodenmesofauna, sowie der Bodenmakrofauna. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Kombination von phänotypischen und genotypischen Untersuchungsmethoden die Erkenntnisse über die Beziehung von struktureller (phylogenetischer) und funktioneller Diversität von tierischen und mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften erweitern kann. Die Detailkenntnis der Gensequenzen der zentralen mikrobiellen Transformationsprozesse erlaubt die Untersuchung der Anwesenheit und Diversität dieses Genpools in Böden. Eine gleichzeitige phylogenetische Identifizierung und Funktionsanalyse auf Einzelzellniveau ist durch den gleichzeitigen Einsatz von Fluoreszenz <i>in situ</i> Hybridisierung mit Gensonden und Mikroautoradiographie möglich. Studien zu Wechselwirkungen von Bodentieren und Bodenmikroorganismen haben die funktionelle Bedeutung von Bodenorganismen geklärt.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Functional diversity of soil organisms — a review of recent research activities in Germany</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christoph</namePart><namePart type="family">Emmerling</namePart><affiliation>Universität Trier, FB VI — Abt. Bodenkunde, Universitätsring 15, D‐54286 Trier, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: emmerling@uni‐trier.de</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Michael</namePart><namePart type="family">Schloter</namePart><affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anton</namePart><namePart type="family">Hartmann</namePart><affiliation>GSF‐Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Bodenökologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D‐85764 Neuherberg/München, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ellen</namePart><namePart type="family">Kandeler</namePart><affiliation>Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde, D‐70599 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Weinheim</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2002-08</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2002-05-27</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2002</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="references">182</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent investigations on the functional diversity of soil organisms and to elucidate whether a combination of different phenotypic and genotypic assessment methods can give new insights into the relation of structural (phylogenetic) and functional diversity of soil microbial and faunal communities. The knowledge of functional gene sequences for the major microbial transformations enables studies of their presence and diversity in soils. The concomitant evaluation of phylogenetic identification and functional activity of even individual microbial cells in situ is now possible using such as fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. Studies about microbial‐faunal interactions clarifies the importance of soil organisms for soil processes.</abstract><abstract lang="de">Funktionelle Diversität von Bodenorganismen Dieser Artikel gibt einen überblick über neuere Untersuchungen zur funktionellen Diversität von Mikroorganismen, einigen Vertretern der Bodenmesofauna, sowie der Bodenmakrofauna. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Kombination von phänotypischen und genotypischen Untersuchungsmethoden die Erkenntnisse über die Beziehung von struktureller (phylogenetischer) und funktioneller Diversität von tierischen und mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften erweitern kann. Die Detailkenntnis der Gensequenzen der zentralen mikrobiellen Transformationsprozesse erlaubt die Untersuchung der Anwesenheit und Diversität dieses Genpools in Böden. Eine gleichzeitige phylogenetische Identifizierung und Funktionsanalyse auf Einzelzellniveau ist durch den gleichzeitigen Einsatz von Fluoreszenz in situ Hybridisierung mit Gensonden und Mikroautoradiographie möglich. Studien zu Wechselwirkungen von Bodentieren und Bodenmikroorganismen haben die funktionelle Bedeutung von Bodenorganismen geklärt.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>functional diversity</topic><topic>ecosystem engineers</topic><topic>soil enzymes</topic><topic>catabolic profiles</topic><topic>functional gene analysis</topic><topic>genetic microdiversity</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1436-8730</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1522-2624</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JPLN</identifier><part><date>2002</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>165</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>4</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>408</start><end>420</end><total>13</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">DF3B02AACFE16B8643A46264AFC44F75ED7DE7AA</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<408::AID-JPLN408>3.0.CO;2-3</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JPLN408</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. 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