Mycorrhizal type determines the magnitude and direction of root-induced changes in decomposition in a temperate forest.
Identifieur interne : 001473 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001472; suivant : 001474Mycorrhizal type determines the magnitude and direction of root-induced changes in decomposition in a temperate forest.
Auteurs : Edward R. Brzostek [États-Unis] ; Danilo Dragoni [États-Unis] ; Zachary A. Brown [États-Unis] ; Richard P. Phillips [États-Unis]Source :
- The New phytologist [ 1469-8137 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- métabolisme : Azote, Carbone.
- physiologie : Feuilles de plante, Mycorhizes.
- Forêts, Humidité, Respiration cellulaire, Rhizosphère, Sol, Température.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Carbon, Nitrogen.
- physiology : Mycorrhizae, Plant Leaves.
- Cell Respiration, Forests, Humidity, Rhizosphere, Soil, Temperature.
Abstract
Although it is increasingly being recognized that roots play a key role in soil carbon (C) dynamics, the magnitude and direction of these effects are unknown. Roots can accelerate soil C losses by provisioning microbes with energy to decompose organic matter or impede soil C losses by enhancing microbial competition for nutrients. We experimentally reduced belowground C supply to soils via tree girdling, and contrasted responses in control and girdled plots for three consecutive growing seasons. We hypothesized that decreases in belowground C supply would have stronger effects in plots dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees. In ECM-dominated plots, girdling decreased the activity of enzymes that break down soil organic matter (SOM) by c. 40%, indicating that, in control plots, C supply from ECM roots primes microbial decomposition. In AM-dominated plots, girdling had little effect on SOM-degrading enzymes, but increased the decomposition of AM leaf litter by c. 43%, suggesting that, in control plots, AM roots may intensify microbial competition for nutrients. Our findings indicate that root-induced changes in soil processes depend on forest composition, and that shifts in the distribution of AM and ECM trees owing to climate change may determine soil C gains and losses.
DOI: 10.1111/nph.13303
PubMed: 25627914
Affiliations:
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Brzostek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>26506</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dragoni, Danilo" sort="Dragoni, Danilo" uniqKey="Dragoni D" first="Danilo" last="Dragoni">Danilo Dragoni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>47405</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Zachary A" sort="Brown, Zachary A" uniqKey="Brown Z" first="Zachary A" last="Brown">Zachary A. Brown</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>47405</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, Richard P" sort="Phillips, Richard P" uniqKey="Phillips R" first="Richard P" last="Phillips">Richard P. Phillips</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>47405</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The New phytologist</title><idno type="eISSN">1469-8137</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon (metabolism)</term><term>Cell Respiration (MeSH)</term><term>Forests (MeSH)</term><term>Humidity (MeSH)</term><term>Mycorrhizae (physiology)</term><term>Nitrogen (metabolism)</term><term>Plant Leaves (physiology)</term><term>Rhizosphere (MeSH)</term><term>Soil (MeSH)</term><term>Temperature (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Azote (métabolisme)</term><term>Carbone (métabolisme)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (physiologie)</term><term>Forêts (MeSH)</term><term>Humidité (MeSH)</term><term>Mycorhizes (physiologie)</term><term>Respiration cellulaire (MeSH)</term><term>Rhizosphère (MeSH)</term><term>Sol (MeSH)</term><term>Température (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon</term><term>Nitrogen</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Azote</term><term>Carbone</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Mycorhizes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term><term>Plant Leaves</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Cell Respiration</term><term>Forests</term><term>Humidity</term><term>Rhizosphere</term><term>Soil</term><term>Temperature</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Forêts</term><term>Humidité</term><term>Respiration cellulaire</term><term>Rhizosphère</term><term>Sol</term><term>Température</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Although it is increasingly being recognized that roots play a key role in soil carbon (C) dynamics, the magnitude and direction of these effects are unknown. Roots can accelerate soil C losses by provisioning microbes with energy to decompose organic matter or impede soil C losses by enhancing microbial competition for nutrients. We experimentally reduced belowground C supply to soils via tree girdling, and contrasted responses in control and girdled plots for three consecutive growing seasons. We hypothesized that decreases in belowground C supply would have stronger effects in plots dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees. In ECM-dominated plots, girdling decreased the activity of enzymes that break down soil organic matter (SOM) by c. 40%, indicating that, in control plots, C supply from ECM roots primes microbial decomposition. In AM-dominated plots, girdling had little effect on SOM-degrading enzymes, but increased the decomposition of AM leaf litter by c. 43%, suggesting that, in control plots, AM roots may intensify microbial competition for nutrients. Our findings indicate that root-induced changes in soil processes depend on forest composition, and that shifts in the distribution of AM and ECM trees owing to climate change may determine soil C gains and losses.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25627914</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1469-8137</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>206</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Jun</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The New phytologist</Title><ISOAbbreviation>New Phytol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Mycorrhizal type determines the magnitude and direction of root-induced changes in decomposition in a temperate forest.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1274-82</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1111/nph.13303</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Although it is increasingly being recognized that roots play a key role in soil carbon (C) dynamics, the magnitude and direction of these effects are unknown. Roots can accelerate soil C losses by provisioning microbes with energy to decompose organic matter or impede soil C losses by enhancing microbial competition for nutrients. We experimentally reduced belowground C supply to soils via tree girdling, and contrasted responses in control and girdled plots for three consecutive growing seasons. We hypothesized that decreases in belowground C supply would have stronger effects in plots dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees. In ECM-dominated plots, girdling decreased the activity of enzymes that break down soil organic matter (SOM) by c. 40%, indicating that, in control plots, C supply from ECM roots primes microbial decomposition. In AM-dominated plots, girdling had little effect on SOM-degrading enzymes, but increased the decomposition of AM leaf litter by c. 43%, suggesting that, in control plots, AM roots may intensify microbial competition for nutrients. Our findings indicate that root-induced changes in soil processes depend on forest composition, and that shifts in the distribution of AM and ECM trees owing to climate change may determine soil C gains and losses.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2015 The Authors New Phytologist © 2015 New Phytologist Trust.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brzostek</LastName><ForeName>Edward R</ForeName><Initials>ER</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dragoni</LastName><ForeName>Danilo</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brown</LastName><ForeName>Zachary A</ForeName><Initials>ZA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Phillips</LastName><ForeName>Richard P</ForeName><Initials>RP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013486">Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>New Phytol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9882884</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0028-646X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012987">Soil</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7440-44-0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002244">Carbon</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>N762921K75</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009584">Nitrogen</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002244" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbon</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019069" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Respiration</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D065928" MajorTopicYN="Y">Forests</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006813" MajorTopicYN="N">Humidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D038821" MajorTopicYN="N">Mycorrhizae</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009584" MajorTopicYN="N">Nitrogen</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058441" MajorTopicYN="N">Rhizosphere</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012987" MajorTopicYN="N">Soil</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013696" MajorTopicYN="N">Temperature</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">belowground carbon allocation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">girdling</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">rhizosphere</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">soil enzymes</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25627914</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1111/nph.13303</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Brzostek, Edward R" sort="Brzostek, Edward R" uniqKey="Brzostek E" first="Edward R" last="Brzostek">Edward R. Brzostek</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Brown, Zachary A" sort="Brown, Zachary A" uniqKey="Brown Z" first="Zachary A" last="Brown">Zachary A. Brown</name><name sortKey="Dragoni, Danilo" sort="Dragoni, Danilo" uniqKey="Dragoni D" first="Danilo" last="Dragoni">Danilo Dragoni</name><name sortKey="Phillips, Richard P" sort="Phillips, Richard P" uniqKey="Phillips R" first="Richard P" last="Phillips">Richard P. Phillips</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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