Mycorrhizal type determines the magnitude and direction of root-induced changes in decomposition in a temperate forest.
Identifieur interne : 001576 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001575; suivant : 001577Mycorrhizal type determines the magnitude and direction of root-induced changes in decomposition in a temperate forest.
Auteurs : Edward R. Brzostek ; Danilo Dragoni ; Zachary A. Brown ; Richard P. PhillipsSource :
- The New phytologist [ 1469-8137 ] ; 2015.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Carbon, Nitrogen.
- physiology : Mycorrhizae, Plant Leaves.
- Cell Respiration, Forests, Humidity, Rhizosphere, Soil, Temperature.
Abstract
Although it is increasingly being recognized that roots play a key role in soil carbon (C) dynamics, the magnitude and direction of these effects are unknown. Roots can accelerate soil C losses by provisioning microbes with energy to decompose organic matter or impede soil C losses by enhancing microbial competition for nutrients. We experimentally reduced belowground C supply to soils via tree girdling, and contrasted responses in control and girdled plots for three consecutive growing seasons. We hypothesized that decreases in belowground C supply would have stronger effects in plots dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees. In ECM-dominated plots, girdling decreased the activity of enzymes that break down soil organic matter (SOM) by c. 40%, indicating that, in control plots, C supply from ECM roots primes microbial decomposition. In AM-dominated plots, girdling had little effect on SOM-degrading enzymes, but increased the decomposition of AM leaf litter by c. 43%, suggesting that, in control plots, AM roots may intensify microbial competition for nutrients. Our findings indicate that root-induced changes in soil processes depend on forest composition, and that shifts in the distribution of AM and ECM trees owing to climate change may determine soil C gains and losses.
DOI: 10.1111/nph.13303
PubMed: 25627914
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pubmed:25627914Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Brzostek, Edward R" sort="Brzostek, Edward R" uniqKey="Brzostek E" first="Edward R" last="Brzostek">Edward R. Brzostek</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Dragoni, Danilo" sort="Dragoni, Danilo" uniqKey="Dragoni D" first="Danilo" last="Dragoni">Danilo Dragoni</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Brown, Zachary A" sort="Brown, Zachary A" uniqKey="Brown Z" first="Zachary A" last="Brown">Zachary A. Brown</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Phillips, Richard P" sort="Phillips, Richard P" uniqKey="Phillips R" first="Richard P" last="Phillips">Richard P. Phillips</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Mycorrhizal type determines the magnitude and direction of root-induced changes in decomposition in a temperate forest.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Brzostek, Edward R" sort="Brzostek, Edward R" uniqKey="Brzostek E" first="Edward R" last="Brzostek">Edward R. Brzostek</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Brown, Zachary A" sort="Brown, Zachary A" uniqKey="Brown Z" first="Zachary A" last="Brown">Zachary A. Brown</name>
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<series><title level="j">The New phytologist</title>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon (metabolism)</term>
<term>Cell Respiration (MeSH)</term>
<term>Forests (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humidity (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (physiology)</term>
<term>Nitrogen (metabolism)</term>
<term>Plant Leaves (physiology)</term>
<term>Rhizosphere (MeSH)</term>
<term>Soil (MeSH)</term>
<term>Temperature (MeSH)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon</term>
<term>Nitrogen</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term>
<term>Plant Leaves</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Cell Respiration</term>
<term>Forests</term>
<term>Humidity</term>
<term>Rhizosphere</term>
<term>Soil</term>
<term>Temperature</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Although it is increasingly being recognized that roots play a key role in soil carbon (C) dynamics, the magnitude and direction of these effects are unknown. Roots can accelerate soil C losses by provisioning microbes with energy to decompose organic matter or impede soil C losses by enhancing microbial competition for nutrients. We experimentally reduced belowground C supply to soils via tree girdling, and contrasted responses in control and girdled plots for three consecutive growing seasons. We hypothesized that decreases in belowground C supply would have stronger effects in plots dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees. In ECM-dominated plots, girdling decreased the activity of enzymes that break down soil organic matter (SOM) by c. 40%, indicating that, in control plots, C supply from ECM roots primes microbial decomposition. In AM-dominated plots, girdling had little effect on SOM-degrading enzymes, but increased the decomposition of AM leaf litter by c. 43%, suggesting that, in control plots, AM roots may intensify microbial competition for nutrients. Our findings indicate that root-induced changes in soil processes depend on forest composition, and that shifts in the distribution of AM and ECM trees owing to climate change may determine soil C gains and losses.</div>
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<Title>The New phytologist</Title>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Although it is increasingly being recognized that roots play a key role in soil carbon (C) dynamics, the magnitude and direction of these effects are unknown. Roots can accelerate soil C losses by provisioning microbes with energy to decompose organic matter or impede soil C losses by enhancing microbial competition for nutrients. We experimentally reduced belowground C supply to soils via tree girdling, and contrasted responses in control and girdled plots for three consecutive growing seasons. We hypothesized that decreases in belowground C supply would have stronger effects in plots dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees. In ECM-dominated plots, girdling decreased the activity of enzymes that break down soil organic matter (SOM) by c. 40%, indicating that, in control plots, C supply from ECM roots primes microbial decomposition. In AM-dominated plots, girdling had little effect on SOM-degrading enzymes, but increased the decomposition of AM leaf litter by c. 43%, suggesting that, in control plots, AM roots may intensify microbial competition for nutrients. Our findings indicate that root-induced changes in soil processes depend on forest composition, and that shifts in the distribution of AM and ECM trees owing to climate change may determine soil C gains and losses.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>© 2015 The Authors New Phytologist © 2015 New Phytologist Trust.</CopyrightInformation>
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<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">belowground carbon allocation</Keyword>
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<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">girdling</Keyword>
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<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">soil enzymes</Keyword>
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