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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Clinical impact of hepatitis B and C virus envelope glycoproteins</title><author><name sortKey="Jeulin, Helene" sort="Jeulin, Helene" uniqKey="Jeulin H" first="Hélène" last="Jeulin">Hélène Jeulin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Velay, Aurelie" sort="Velay, Aurelie" uniqKey="Velay A" first="Aurélie" last="Velay">Aurélie Velay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, John" sort="Murray, John" uniqKey="Murray J" first="John" last="Murray">John Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schvoerer, Evelyne" sort="Schvoerer, Evelyne" uniqKey="Schvoerer E" first="Evelyne" last="Schvoerer">Evelyne Schvoerer</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23429668</idno><idno type="pmc">3574591</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3574591</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3574591</idno><idno type="doi">10.3748/wjg.v19.i5.654</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002F05</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002F05</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Clinical impact of hepatitis B and C virus envelope glycoproteins</title><author><name sortKey="Jeulin, Helene" sort="Jeulin, Helene" uniqKey="Jeulin H" first="Hélène" last="Jeulin">Hélène Jeulin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Velay, Aurelie" sort="Velay, Aurelie" uniqKey="Velay A" first="Aurélie" last="Velay">Aurélie Velay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, John" sort="Murray, John" uniqKey="Murray J" first="John" last="Murray">John Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schvoerer, Evelyne" sort="Schvoerer, Evelyne" uniqKey="Schvoerer E" first="Evelyne" last="Schvoerer">Evelyne Schvoerer</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG</title><idno type="ISSN">1007-9327</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic infection by either hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) share epidemiological characteristics with risks for development of severe complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV and HCV also share a high genetic variability. Among highly variable regions, viral genes encoding surface proteins (hepatitis B surface antigen, E1/E2 HCV glycoproteins) play key roles in the stimulation of the host-related immune response and viral entry into hepatocytes. Specific segments of HBV envelope proteins (preS1, “a” determinant) are crucial in the entry process into permissive cells. HCV entry is a complex multistep process involving multiple cell cofactors (glycosaminoglycans, low density lipoprotein receptor, SR-B1, CD81, claudin-1, occludin, EGFR, EphA2) in the interaction with HCV E1/E2 envelope glycoproteins. <italic>In vitro</italic> both viruses can be controlled by antibody-mediated neutralization targeting viral envelope, also essential in preventing HBV infection <italic>in vivo</italic> as observed through successful vaccination using HBs antigen. But preventive vaccination and/or therapeutic pressure can influence HBV and HCV variability. For HBV, the patterns of antiviral drug resistance in chronic hepatitis are complex and the original <italic>pol</italic>/<italic>S</italic> gene overlap has to be taken into account. Treatment-induced HBV mutations in pol could indeed generate S mutants with subsequent modified antigenicity or increased cancer induction. Variability of HBV and HCV envelope proteins combining high exposure to selective pressures and crucial functional roles require investigation in the context of diagnostic, vaccination and treatment tools. In this editorial a synthesis is performed of HBV and HCV envelope properties at the entry step and as antigenic proteins, and the subsequent clinical impact.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">World J Gastroenterol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">World J. Gastroenterol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">WJG</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1007-9327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23429668</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3574591</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jWJG.v19.i5.pg654</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3748/wjg.v19.i5.654</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Minireviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Clinical impact of hepatitis B and C virus envelope glycoproteins</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jeulin</surname><given-names>Hélène</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Velay</surname><given-names>Aurélie</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murray</surname><given-names>John</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schvoerer</surname><given-names>Evelyne</given-names></name></contrib><aff>Hélène Jeulin, Aurélie Velay, Virology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54511, France</aff><aff>Hélène Jeulin, EA RHEM 4369, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France</aff><aff>John Murray, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia</aff><aff>John Murray, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia</aff><aff>Evelyne Schvoerer, Virology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, F-54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><fn><p>Author contributions: Jeulin H and Velay A contributed equally to this work, generated the figures and wrote the manuscript; Murray J contributed to the writing of the manuscript; Schvoerer E designed the aim of the editorial and wrote the manuscript.</p><p>Correspondence to: Evelyne Schvoerer, MD, PhD, Professor, Virology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, F-54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. <email>eschvoerer@gmail.com</email></p><p>Telephone: +33-38-3155269 Fax: +33-38-3153474</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>7</day><month>2</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>7</day><month>2</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>654</fpage><lpage>664</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day><month>9</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p>Chronic infection by either hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) share epidemiological characteristics with risks for development of severe complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV and HCV also share a high genetic variability. Among highly variable regions, viral genes encoding surface proteins (hepatitis B surface antigen, E1/E2 HCV glycoproteins) play key roles in the stimulation of the host-related immune response and viral entry into hepatocytes. Specific segments of HBV envelope proteins (preS1, “a” determinant) are crucial in the entry process into permissive cells. HCV entry is a complex multistep process involving multiple cell cofactors (glycosaminoglycans, low density lipoprotein receptor, SR-B1, CD81, claudin-1, occludin, EGFR, EphA2) in the interaction with HCV E1/E2 envelope glycoproteins. <italic>In vitro</italic> both viruses can be controlled by antibody-mediated neutralization targeting viral envelope, also essential in preventing HBV infection <italic>in vivo</italic> as observed through successful vaccination using HBs antigen. But preventive vaccination and/or therapeutic pressure can influence HBV and HCV variability. For HBV, the patterns of antiviral drug resistance in chronic hepatitis are complex and the original <italic>pol</italic>/<italic>S</italic> gene overlap has to be taken into account. Treatment-induced HBV mutations in pol could indeed generate S mutants with subsequent modified antigenicity or increased cancer induction. Variability of HBV and HCV envelope proteins combining high exposure to selective pressures and crucial functional roles require investigation in the context of diagnostic, vaccination and treatment tools. In this editorial a synthesis is performed of HBV and HCV envelope properties at the entry step and as antigenic proteins, and the subsequent clinical impact.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>Hepatitis C</kwd><kwd>Viral envelope glycoproteins</kwd><kwd>Clinical outcome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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