The male phenotype in osteopathia striata congenita with cranial sclerosis
Identifieur interne : 006304 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 006303; suivant : 006305The male phenotype in osteopathia striata congenita with cranial sclerosis
Auteurs : Sarah K. Holman [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Phil Daniel [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Zandra A. Jenkins [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Rachel L. Herron [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Tim Morgan [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Ravi Savarirayan [Australie] ; C. W. Chow [Australie] ; Axel Bohring [Allemagne] ; Annette Mosel [Allemagne] ; Didier Lacombe [France] ; Bernhard Steiner [Suisse] ; Thomas Schmitt-Mechelke [Suisse] ; Barbara Schroter [Suisse] ; Annick Raas-Rothschild ; Sixto Garcia Mi Aur [Royaume-Uni] ; Mary Porteous [Royaume-Uni] ; Michael Parker [Royaume-Uni] ; Oliver Quarrell [Royaume-Uni] ; Dagmar Tapon [Royaume-Uni] ; Valérie Cormier-Daire [France] ; Sahar Mansour [Royaume-Uni] ; Ruth Nash [Royaume-Uni] ; Laurence A. Bindoff [Norvège] ; Torunn Fiskerstrand [Norvège] ; Stephen P. Robertson [Nouvelle-Zélande]Source :
- American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A [ 1552-4825 ] ; 2011-10.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Génétique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- American journal, Anomaly, Bilateral absence, Binding domain, Bone, Bossing, Bueno, Bula aplasia, Cleft, Cleft palate, Clin, Contracture, Cranial, Cranial sclerosis, Currarino, Deletion, Differential lyonization, Dysmorphism, Dysplasia, Friedman, Frontal bossing, Fukuzawa, Genet, Genetics, Germline, Germline mutations, Grant sponsor, Hearing loss, Hirschsprung disease, Holman, Hypertelorism, Keymolen, Konig, Long bones, Luciferase, Luerssen, Macrocephaly, Male, Male phenotype, Malformation, Medical genetics, Medical genetics part, Metaphyseal striations, Mild phenotype, Mutation, Nasal bridge, Nemaline rods, Nephrogenic, Neuromuscular anomalies, Nonsense codon suppression, Omphalocele, Online version, Oscs, Osteopathia, Osteopathia striata, Palate, Pellegrino, Perdu, Phalange, Phenotype, Phenotypic, Point mutations, Ptok, Rott, Sclerosis, Severe phenotype, Skeletal sclerosis, Skeleton, Skull, Striata, Striation, Survivable phenotype, Viot, Wilms, Wilms tumor, Wtxs1, Wtxs2.
- Teeft :
- American journal, Anomaly, Bilateral absence, Binding domain, Bossing, Bueno, Bula aplasia, Cleft, Cleft palate, Clin, Contracture, Cranial, Cranial sclerosis, Currarino, Deletion, Differential lyonization, Dysmorphism, Friedman, Frontal bossing, Fukuzawa, Genet, Genetics, Germline, Germline mutations, Grant sponsor, Hearing loss, Hirschsprung disease, Holman, Hypertelorism, Keymolen, Konig, Long bones, Luciferase, Luerssen, Macrocephaly, Male phenotype, Malformation, Medical genetics, Medical genetics part, Metaphyseal striations, Mild phenotype, Mutation, Nasal bridge, Nemaline rods, Nephrogenic, Neuromuscular anomalies, Nonsense codon suppression, Omphalocele, Online version, Oscs, Osteopathia, Osteopathia striata, Palate, Pellegrino, Perdu, Phalange, Phenotype, Phenotypic, Point mutations, Ptok, Rott, Sclerosis, Severe phenotype, Skeletal sclerosis, Striata, Striation, Survivable phenotype, Viot, Wilms, Wilms tumor, Wtxs1, Wtxs2.
Abstract
Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OSCS) is an X‐linked disease caused by truncating mutations in WTX. Females exhibit sclerotic striations on the long bones, cranial sclerosis, and craniofacial dysmorphism. Males with OSCS have significant skeletal sclerosis, do not have striations but do display a more severe phenotype commonly associated with gross structural malformations, patterning defects, and significant pre‐ and postnatal lethality. The recent description of mutations in WTX underlying OSCS has led to the identification of a milder, survivable phenotype in males. Individuals with this presentation can have, in addition to skeletal sclerosis, Hirschsprung disease, joint contractures, cardiomyopathy, and neuromuscular anomalies. A diagnosis of OSCS should be considered in males with macrocephaly, skeletal sclerosis that is most marked in the cranium and the absence of metaphyseal striations. The observation of striations in males may be indicative of a WTX mutation in a mosaic state supporting the contention that this sign in females is indicative of the differential lyonization of cells in the osteoblastic lineage. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34178
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, France, Norvège, Nouvelle-Zélande, Royaume-Uni, Suisse
- Angleterre, Aquitaine, Basse-Saxe, Canton de Zurich, District de Münster, Grand Londres, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie, Victoria (État), Écosse, Île-de-France
- Bordeaux, Londres, Melbourne, Münster, Osnabrück, Paris, Zurich, Édimbourg
- Université de Bordeaux, Université de Londres, Université de Melbourne, Université de Zurich
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
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- to stream Main, to step Merge: 006680
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Corpus: 001905
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Curation: 004651
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Checkpoint: 001604
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 006A55
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 006304
Le document en format XML
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Mosel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Abteilung für Pränatale Diagnostik, Klinikum Osnabrück, Osnabrück</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Osnabrück</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lacombe, Didier" sort="Lacombe, Didier" uniqKey="Lacombe D" first="Didier" last="Lacombe">Didier Lacombe</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Génétiqué Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steiner, Bernhard" sort="Steiner, Bernhard" 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type="country">Écosse</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Porteous, Mary" sort="Porteous, Mary" uniqKey="Porteous M" first="Mary" last="Porteous">Mary Porteous</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>South East Scotland Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parker, Michael" sort="Parker, Michael" uniqKey="Parker M" first="Michael" last="Parker">Michael Parker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Genetics, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sheffield</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quarrell, Oliver" sort="Quarrell, Oliver" uniqKey="Quarrell O" first="Oliver" last="Quarrell">Oliver Quarrell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Genetics, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sheffield</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tapon, Dagmar" sort="Tapon, Dagmar" uniqKey="Tapon D" first="Dagmar" last="Tapon">Dagmar Tapon</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>Centre for Fetal Care, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital</wicri:orgArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cormier Aire, Valerie" sort="Cormier Aire, Valerie" uniqKey="Cormier Aire V" first="Valérie" last="Cormier-Daire">Valérie Cormier-Daire</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Département de Génétique, Hôpital Necker‐Enfants Malades, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mansour, Sahar" sort="Mansour, Sahar" uniqKey="Mansour S" first="Sahar" last="Mansour">Sahar Mansour</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>SW Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's Hospital, University of London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nash, Ruth" sort="Nash, Ruth" uniqKey="Nash R" first="Ruth" last="Nash">Ruth Nash</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cellular Pathology, St George's Hospital, University of London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bindoff, Laurence A" sort="Bindoff, Laurence A" uniqKey="Bindoff L" first="Laurence A." last="Bindoff">Laurence A. Bindoff</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bergen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fiskerstrand, Torunn" sort="Fiskerstrand, Torunn" uniqKey="Fiskerstrand T" first="Torunn" last="Fiskerstrand">Torunn Fiskerstrand</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital and Department for Clinical Genetics, University of, Bergen, Bergen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bergen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, Stephen P" sort="Robertson, Stephen P" uniqKey="Robertson S" first="Stephen P." last="Robertson">Stephen P. Robertson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics, Dunedin School of Medicine, Otago University, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country wicri:rule="url">Nouvelle-Zélande</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Correspondence address: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dunedin 9054</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A</title><title level="j" type="alt">AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS</title><idno type="ISSN">1552-4825</idno><idno type="eISSN">1552-4833</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">155</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="2397">2397</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="2408">2408</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">12</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-10">2011-10</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1552-4825</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1552-4825</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>American journal</term><term>Anomaly</term><term>Bilateral absence</term><term>Binding domain</term><term>Bone</term><term>Bossing</term><term>Bueno</term><term>Bula aplasia</term><term>Cleft</term><term>Cleft palate</term><term>Clin</term><term>Contracture</term><term>Cranial</term><term>Cranial sclerosis</term><term>Currarino</term><term>Deletion</term><term>Differential lyonization</term><term>Dysmorphism</term><term>Dysplasia</term><term>Friedman</term><term>Frontal bossing</term><term>Fukuzawa</term><term>Genet</term><term>Genetics</term><term>Germline</term><term>Germline mutations</term><term>Grant sponsor</term><term>Hearing loss</term><term>Hirschsprung disease</term><term>Holman</term><term>Hypertelorism</term><term>Keymolen</term><term>Konig</term><term>Long bones</term><term>Luciferase</term><term>Luerssen</term><term>Macrocephaly</term><term>Male</term><term>Male phenotype</term><term>Malformation</term><term>Medical genetics</term><term>Medical genetics part</term><term>Metaphyseal striations</term><term>Mild phenotype</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Nasal bridge</term><term>Nemaline rods</term><term>Nephrogenic</term><term>Neuromuscular anomalies</term><term>Nonsense codon suppression</term><term>Omphalocele</term><term>Online version</term><term>Oscs</term><term>Osteopathia</term><term>Osteopathia striata</term><term>Palate</term><term>Pellegrino</term><term>Perdu</term><term>Phalange</term><term>Phenotype</term><term>Phenotypic</term><term>Point mutations</term><term>Ptok</term><term>Rott</term><term>Sclerosis</term><term>Severe phenotype</term><term>Skeletal sclerosis</term><term>Skeleton</term><term>Skull</term><term>Striata</term><term>Striation</term><term>Survivable phenotype</term><term>Viot</term><term>Wilms</term><term>Wilms tumor</term><term>Wtxs1</term><term>Wtxs2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Crâne</term><term>Dysplasie</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Os</term><term>Ostéopathie striée de Voorhoeve</term><term>Phénotype</term><term>Sclérose</term><term>Squelette</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>American journal</term><term>Anomaly</term><term>Bilateral absence</term><term>Binding domain</term><term>Bossing</term><term>Bueno</term><term>Bula aplasia</term><term>Cleft</term><term>Cleft palate</term><term>Clin</term><term>Contracture</term><term>Cranial</term><term>Cranial sclerosis</term><term>Currarino</term><term>Deletion</term><term>Differential lyonization</term><term>Dysmorphism</term><term>Friedman</term><term>Frontal bossing</term><term>Fukuzawa</term><term>Genet</term><term>Genetics</term><term>Germline</term><term>Germline mutations</term><term>Grant sponsor</term><term>Hearing loss</term><term>Hirschsprung disease</term><term>Holman</term><term>Hypertelorism</term><term>Keymolen</term><term>Konig</term><term>Long bones</term><term>Luciferase</term><term>Luerssen</term><term>Macrocephaly</term><term>Male phenotype</term><term>Malformation</term><term>Medical genetics</term><term>Medical genetics part</term><term>Metaphyseal striations</term><term>Mild phenotype</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Nasal bridge</term><term>Nemaline rods</term><term>Nephrogenic</term><term>Neuromuscular anomalies</term><term>Nonsense codon suppression</term><term>Omphalocele</term><term>Online version</term><term>Oscs</term><term>Osteopathia</term><term>Osteopathia striata</term><term>Palate</term><term>Pellegrino</term><term>Perdu</term><term>Phalange</term><term>Phenotype</term><term>Phenotypic</term><term>Point mutations</term><term>Ptok</term><term>Rott</term><term>Sclerosis</term><term>Severe phenotype</term><term>Skeletal sclerosis</term><term>Striata</term><term>Striation</term><term>Survivable phenotype</term><term>Viot</term><term>Wilms</term><term>Wilms tumor</term><term>Wtxs1</term><term>Wtxs2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Génétique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OSCS) is an X‐linked disease caused by truncating mutations in WTX. Females exhibit sclerotic striations on the long bones, cranial sclerosis, and craniofacial dysmorphism. Males with OSCS have significant skeletal sclerosis, do not have striations but do display a more severe phenotype commonly associated with gross structural malformations, patterning defects, and significant pre‐ and postnatal lethality. The recent description of mutations in WTX underlying OSCS has led to the identification of a milder, survivable phenotype in males. Individuals with this presentation can have, in addition to skeletal sclerosis, Hirschsprung disease, joint contractures, cardiomyopathy, and neuromuscular anomalies. A diagnosis of OSCS should be considered in males with macrocephaly, skeletal sclerosis that is most marked in the cranium and the absence of metaphyseal striations. The observation of striations in males may be indicative of a WTX mutation in a mosaic state supporting the contention that this sign in females is indicative of the differential lyonization of cells in the osteoblastic lineage. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Norvège</li><li>Nouvelle-Zélande</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suisse</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Aquitaine</li><li>Basse-Saxe</li><li>Canton de Zurich</li><li>District de Münster</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Nouvelle-Aquitaine</li><li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li><li>Victoria (État)</li><li>Écosse</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Bordeaux</li><li>Londres</li><li>Melbourne</li><li>Münster</li><li>Osnabrück</li><li>Paris</li><li>Zurich</li><li>Édimbourg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Bordeaux</li><li>Université de Londres</li><li>Université de Melbourne</li><li>Université de Zurich</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Raas Othschild, Annick" sort="Raas Othschild, Annick" uniqKey="Raas Othschild A" first="Annick" last="Raas-Rothschild">Annick Raas-Rothschild</name></noCountry><country name="Nouvelle-Zélande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Holman, Sarah K" sort="Holman, Sarah K" uniqKey="Holman S" first="Sarah K." last="Holman">Sarah K. Holman</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Daniel, Phil" sort="Daniel, Phil" uniqKey="Daniel P" first="Phil" last="Daniel">Phil Daniel</name><name sortKey="Herron, Rachel L" sort="Herron, Rachel L" uniqKey="Herron R" first="Rachel L." last="Herron">Rachel L. Herron</name><name sortKey="Jenkins, Zandra A" sort="Jenkins, Zandra A" uniqKey="Jenkins Z" first="Zandra A." last="Jenkins">Zandra A. Jenkins</name><name sortKey="Morgan, Tim" sort="Morgan, Tim" uniqKey="Morgan T" first="Tim" last="Morgan">Tim Morgan</name><name sortKey="Robertson, Stephen P" sort="Robertson, Stephen P" uniqKey="Robertson S" first="Stephen P." last="Robertson">Stephen P. Robertson</name><name sortKey="Robertson, Stephen P" sort="Robertson, Stephen P" uniqKey="Robertson S" first="Stephen P." last="Robertson">Stephen P. Robertson</name><name sortKey="Robertson, Stephen P" sort="Robertson, Stephen P" uniqKey="Robertson S" first="Stephen P." last="Robertson">Stephen P. Robertson</name></country><country name="Australie"><region name="Victoria (État)"><name sortKey="Savarirayan, Ravi" sort="Savarirayan, Ravi" uniqKey="Savarirayan R" first="Ravi" last="Savarirayan">Ravi Savarirayan</name></region><name sortKey="Chow, C W" sort="Chow, C W" uniqKey="Chow C" first="C. W." last="Chow">C. W. Chow</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie"><name sortKey="Bohring, Axel" sort="Bohring, Axel" uniqKey="Bohring A" first="Axel" last="Bohring">Axel Bohring</name></region><name sortKey="Mosel, Annette" sort="Mosel, Annette" uniqKey="Mosel A" first="Annette" last="Mosel">Annette Mosel</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Nouvelle-Aquitaine"><name sortKey="Lacombe, Didier" sort="Lacombe, Didier" uniqKey="Lacombe D" first="Didier" last="Lacombe">Didier Lacombe</name></region><name sortKey="Cormier Aire, Valerie" sort="Cormier Aire, Valerie" uniqKey="Cormier Aire V" first="Valérie" last="Cormier-Daire">Valérie Cormier-Daire</name></country><country name="Suisse"><region name="Canton de Zurich"><name sortKey="Steiner, Bernhard" sort="Steiner, Bernhard" uniqKey="Steiner B" first="Bernhard" last="Steiner">Bernhard Steiner</name></region><name sortKey="Schmitt Echelke, Thomas" sort="Schmitt Echelke, Thomas" uniqKey="Schmitt Echelke T" first="Thomas" last="Schmitt-Mechelke">Thomas Schmitt-Mechelke</name><name sortKey="Schroter, Barbara" sort="Schroter, Barbara" uniqKey="Schroter B" first="Barbara" last="Schroter">Barbara Schroter</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Écosse"><name sortKey="Mi Aur, Sixto Garcia" sort="Mi Aur, Sixto Garcia" uniqKey="Mi Aur S" first="Sixto Garcia" last="Mi Aur">Sixto Garcia Mi Aur</name></region><name sortKey="Mansour, Sahar" sort="Mansour, Sahar" uniqKey="Mansour S" first="Sahar" last="Mansour">Sahar Mansour</name><name sortKey="Nash, Ruth" sort="Nash, Ruth" uniqKey="Nash R" first="Ruth" last="Nash">Ruth Nash</name><name sortKey="Parker, Michael" sort="Parker, Michael" uniqKey="Parker M" first="Michael" last="Parker">Michael Parker</name><name sortKey="Porteous, Mary" sort="Porteous, Mary" uniqKey="Porteous M" first="Mary" last="Porteous">Mary Porteous</name><name sortKey="Quarrell, Oliver" sort="Quarrell, Oliver" uniqKey="Quarrell O" first="Oliver" last="Quarrell">Oliver Quarrell</name><name sortKey="Tapon, Dagmar" sort="Tapon, Dagmar" uniqKey="Tapon D" first="Dagmar" last="Tapon">Dagmar Tapon</name></country><country name="Norvège"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bindoff, Laurence A" sort="Bindoff, Laurence A" uniqKey="Bindoff L" first="Laurence A." last="Bindoff">Laurence A. Bindoff</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Fiskerstrand, Torunn" sort="Fiskerstrand, Torunn" uniqKey="Fiskerstrand T" first="Torunn" last="Fiskerstrand">Torunn Fiskerstrand</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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