Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease
Identifieur interne : 001B68 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 001B67; suivant : 001B69Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease
Auteurs : Julie A. E. Christensen [Danemark, États-Unis] ; Miki Nikolic [Danemark] ; Simon C. Warby [Canada] ; Henriette Koch [Danemark, États-Unis] ; Marielle Zoetmulder [Danemark] ; Rune Frandsen [Danemark] ; Keivan K. Moghadam [Italie] ; Helge B. D. Sorensen [Danemark] ; Emmanuel Mignot [États-Unis] ; Poul J. Jennum [Danemark]Source :
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience [ 1662-5161 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify changes of sleep spindles (SS) in the EEG of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Five sleep experts manually identified SS at a central scalp location (C3-A2) in 15 PD and 15 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Each SS was given a confidence score, and by using a group consensus rule, 901 SS were identified and characterized by their (1) duration, (2) oscillation frequency, (3) maximum peak-to-peak amplitude, (4) percent-to-peak amplitude, and (5) density. Between-group comparisons were made for all SS characteristics computed, and significant changes for PD patients vs. control subjects were found for duration, oscillation frequency, maximum peak-to-peak amplitude and density. Specifically, SS density was lower, duration was longer, oscillation frequency slower and maximum peak-to-peak amplitude higher in patients vs. controls. We also computed inter-expert reliability in SS scoring and found a significantly lower reliability in scoring definite SS in patients when compared to controls. How neurodegeneration in PD could influence SS characteristics is discussed. We also note that the SS morphological changes observed here may affect automatic detection of SS in patients with PD or other neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs).
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00233
PubMed: 25983685
PubMed Central: 4416460
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000060
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000060
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000206
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000509
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000509
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000509
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4416460Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Julie A E" sort="Christensen, Julie A E" uniqKey="Christensen J" first="Julie A. E." last="Christensen">Julie A. E. Christensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Miki" sort="Nikolic, Miki" uniqKey="Nikolic M" first="Miki" last="Nikolic">Miki Nikolic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warby, Simon C" sort="Warby, Simon C" uniqKey="Warby S" first="Simon C." last="Warby">Simon C. Warby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal</institution>
<country>Montréal, QC, Canada</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, Henriette" sort="Koch, Henriette" uniqKey="Koch H" first="Henriette" last="Koch">Henriette Koch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, Marielle" sort="Zoetmulder, Marielle" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M" first="Marielle" last="Zoetmulder">Marielle Zoetmulder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, Rune" sort="Frandsen, Rune" uniqKey="Frandsen R" first="Rune" last="Frandsen">Rune Frandsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moghadam, Keivan K" sort="Moghadam, Keivan K" uniqKey="Moghadam K" first="Keivan K." last="Moghadam">Keivan K. Moghadam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna</institution>
<country>Bologna, Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Helge B D" sort="Sorensen, Helge B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H" first="Helge B. D." last="Sorensen">Helge B. D. Sorensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mignot, Emmanuel" sort="Mignot, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Mignot E" first="Emmanuel" last="Mignot">Emmanuel Mignot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, Poul J" sort="Jennum, Poul J" uniqKey="Jennum P" first="Poul J." last="Jennum">Poul J. Jennum</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">25983685</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4416460</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4416460</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4416460</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2015.00233</idno>
<date when="2015">2015</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000206</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000206</idno>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001B68</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Julie A E" sort="Christensen, Julie A E" uniqKey="Christensen J" first="Julie A. E." last="Christensen">Julie A. E. Christensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Miki" sort="Nikolic, Miki" uniqKey="Nikolic M" first="Miki" last="Nikolic">Miki Nikolic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warby, Simon C" sort="Warby, Simon C" uniqKey="Warby S" first="Simon C." last="Warby">Simon C. Warby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal</institution>
<country>Montréal, QC, Canada</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, Henriette" sort="Koch, Henriette" uniqKey="Koch H" first="Henriette" last="Koch">Henriette Koch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, Marielle" sort="Zoetmulder, Marielle" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M" first="Marielle" last="Zoetmulder">Marielle Zoetmulder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, Rune" sort="Frandsen, Rune" uniqKey="Frandsen R" first="Rune" last="Frandsen">Rune Frandsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moghadam, Keivan K" sort="Moghadam, Keivan K" uniqKey="Moghadam K" first="Keivan K." last="Moghadam">Keivan K. Moghadam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna</institution>
<country>Bologna, Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Helge B D" sort="Sorensen, Helge B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H" first="Helge B. D." last="Sorensen">Helge B. D. Sorensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mignot, Emmanuel" sort="Mignot, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Mignot E" first="Emmanuel" last="Mignot">Emmanuel Mignot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, Poul J" sort="Jennum, Poul J" uniqKey="Jennum P" first="Poul J." last="Jennum">Poul J. Jennum</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1662-5161</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to identify changes of sleep spindles (SS) in the EEG of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Five sleep experts manually identified SS at a central scalp location (C3-A2) in 15 PD and 15 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Each SS was given a confidence score, and by using a group consensus rule, 901 SS were identified and characterized by their (1) duration, (2) oscillation frequency, (3) maximum peak-to-peak amplitude, (4) percent-to-peak amplitude, and (5) density. Between-group comparisons were made for all SS characteristics computed, and significant changes for PD patients vs. control subjects were found for duration, oscillation frequency, maximum peak-to-peak amplitude and density. Specifically, SS density was lower, duration was longer, oscillation frequency slower and maximum peak-to-peak amplitude higher in patients vs. controls. We also computed inter-expert reliability in SS scoring and found a significantly lower reliability in scoring definite SS in patients when compared to controls. How neurodegeneration in PD could influence SS characteristics is discussed. We also note that the SS morphological changes observed here may affect automatic detection of SS in patients with PD or other neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs).</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Braak, H" uniqKey="Braak H">H. Braak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tredici, K" uniqKey="Tredici K">K. Tredici</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Del Rub, U" uniqKey="Del Rub U">U. Del Rüb</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vos, R A" uniqKey="Vos R">R. A. Vos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Steur, E N H J" uniqKey="De Steur E">E. N. H. J. de Steur</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Braak, E" uniqKey="Braak E">E. Braak</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Caporro, M" uniqKey="Caporro M">M. Caporro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haneef, Z" uniqKey="Haneef Z">Z. Haneef</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yeh, H J" uniqKey="Yeh H">H. J. Yeh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lenartowicz, A" uniqKey="Lenartowicz A">A. Lenartowicz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buttinelli, C" uniqKey="Buttinelli C">C. Buttinelli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parvizi, J" uniqKey="Parvizi J">J. Parvizi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chaudhuri, K R" uniqKey="Chaudhuri K">K. R. Chaudhuri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Healy, D G" uniqKey="Healy D">D. G. Healy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schapira, A H" uniqKey="Schapira A">A. H. Schapira</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chaudhuri, K R" uniqKey="Chaudhuri K">K. R. Chaudhuri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Odin, P" uniqKey="Odin P">P. Odin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Antonini, A" uniqKey="Antonini A">A. Antonini</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinez Martin, P" uniqKey="Martinez Martin P">P. Martinez-Martin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, M" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M">M. Zoetmulder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leonthin, H L" uniqKey="Leonthin H">H. L. Leonthin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, H" uniqKey="Koch H">H. Koch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, M" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M">M. Zoetmulder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, H" uniqKey="Koch H">H. Koch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Comella, C L" uniqKey="Comella C">C. L. Comella</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tanner, C M" uniqKey="Tanner C">C. M. Tanner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ristanovic, R K" uniqKey="Ristanovic R">R. K. Ristanovic</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Danker Hopfe, H" uniqKey="Danker Hopfe H">H. Danker-Hopfe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kunz, D" uniqKey="Kunz D">D. Kunz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, G" uniqKey="Gruber G">G. Gruber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klosch, G" uniqKey="Klosch G">G. Klösch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lorenzo, J L" uniqKey="Lorenzo J">J. L. Lorenzo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Himanen, S L" uniqKey="Himanen S">S. L. Himanen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Gennaro, L" uniqKey="De Gennaro L">L. De Gennaro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferrara, M" uniqKey="Ferrara M">M. Ferrara</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Emser, W" uniqKey="Emser W">W. Emser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brenner, M" uniqKey="Brenner M">M. Brenner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stober, T" uniqKey="Stober T">T. Stober</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schimrigk, K" uniqKey="Schimrigk K">K. Schimrigk</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fogel, S" uniqKey="Fogel S">S. Fogel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martin, N" uniqKey="Martin N">N. Martin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barakat, M" uniqKey="Barakat M">M. Barakat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Debas, K" uniqKey="Debas K">K. Debas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Laventure, S" uniqKey="Laventure S">S. Laventure</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fogel, S M" uniqKey="Fogel S">S. M. Fogel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, C T" uniqKey="Smith C">C. T. Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Galvin, J E" uniqKey="Galvin J">J. E. Galvin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, M Y" uniqKey="Lee M">M.-Y. Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Trojanowski, J Q" uniqKey="Trojanowski J">J. Q. Trojanowski</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garcia Ruiz, P J" uniqKey="Garcia Ruiz P">P. J. Garcia-Ruiz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chaudhuri, K R" uniqKey="Chaudhuri K">K. R. Chaudhuri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinez Martin, P" uniqKey="Martinez Martin P">P. Martinez-Martin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Happe, S" uniqKey="Happe S">S. Happe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anderer, P" uniqKey="Anderer P">P. Anderer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pirker, W" uniqKey="Pirker W">W. Pirker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klosch, G" uniqKey="Klosch G">G. Klösch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, G" uniqKey="Gruber G">G. Gruber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Saletu, B" uniqKey="Saletu B">B. Saletu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iber, C" uniqKey="Iber C">C. Iber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ancoli Israel, S" uniqKey="Ancoli Israel S">S. Ancoli-Israel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chesson, A L" uniqKey="Chesson A">A. L. Chesson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quan, S F" uniqKey="Quan S">S. F. Quan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iranzo, A" uniqKey="Iranzo A">A. Iranzo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jensen, P S" uniqKey="Jensen P">P. S. Jensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leonthin, H L" uniqKey="Leonthin H">H. L. Leonthin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, M" uniqKey="Nikolic M">M. Nikolic</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koch, H" uniqKey="Koch H">H. Koch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P J" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. J. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ktonas, P Y" uniqKey="Ktonas P">P. Y. Ktonas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Golemati, S" uniqKey="Golemati S">S. Golemati</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xanthopoulos, P" uniqKey="Xanthopoulos P">P. Xanthopoulos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sakkalis, V" uniqKey="Sakkalis V">V. Sakkalis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ortigueira, M D" uniqKey="Ortigueira M">M. D. Ortigueira</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tsekou, H" uniqKey="Tsekou H">H. Tsekou</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Landis, J R" uniqKey="Landis J">J. R. Landis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, G G" uniqKey="Koch G">G. G. Koch</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Latreille, V" uniqKey="Latreille V">V. Latreille</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrier, J" uniqKey="Carrier J">J. Carrier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postuma, R B" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. B. Postuma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bertrand, J A" uniqKey="Bertrand J">J.-A. Bertrand</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Panisset, M" uniqKey="Panisset M">M. Panisset</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Latreille, V" uniqKey="Latreille V">V. Latreille</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrier, J" uniqKey="Carrier J">J. Carrier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J.-F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Leiser, S C" uniqKey="Leiser S">S. C. Leiser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dunlop, J" uniqKey="Dunlop J">J. Dunlop</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bowlby, M R" uniqKey="Bowlby M">M. R. Bowlby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Devilbiss, D M" uniqKey="Devilbiss D">D. M. Devilbiss</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Margis, R" uniqKey="Margis R">R. Margis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schonwald, S V" uniqKey="Schonwald S">S. V. Schönwald</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carvalho, D Z" uniqKey="Carvalho D">D. Z. Carvalho</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gerhardt, G J L" uniqKey="Gerhardt G">G. J. L. Gerhardt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rieder, C R M" uniqKey="Rieder C">C. R. M. Rieder</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Martin, N" uniqKey="Martin N">N. Martin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Godbout, J" uniqKey="Godbout J">J. Godbout</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barakat, M" uniqKey="Barakat M">M. Barakat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Robillard, R" uniqKey="Robillard R">R. Robillard</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poirier, G" uniqKey="Poirier G">G. Poirier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Micallef, J" uniqKey="Micallef J">J. Micallef</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rey, M" uniqKey="Rey M">M. Rey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eusebio, A" uniqKey="Eusebio A">A. Eusebio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Audebert, C" uniqKey="Audebert C">C. Audebert</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rouby, F" uniqKey="Rouby F">F. Rouby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jouve, E" uniqKey="Jouve E">E. Jouve</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Micanovic, C" uniqKey="Micanovic C">C. Micanovic</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pal, S" uniqKey="Pal S">S. Pal</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Myslobodsky, M" uniqKey="Myslobodsky M">M. Myslobodsky</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mintz, M" uniqKey="Mintz M">M. Mintz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ben Mayor, V" uniqKey="Ben Mayor V">V. Ben-Mayor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Radwan, H" uniqKey="Radwan H">H. Radwan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, L" uniqKey="Nguyen L">L. Nguyen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bradshaw, J L" uniqKey="Bradshaw J">J. L. Bradshaw</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stout, J C" uniqKey="Stout J">J. C. Stout</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Croft, R J" uniqKey="Croft R">R. J. Croft</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Georgiou Karistianis, N" uniqKey="Georgiou Karistianis N">N. Georgiou-Karistianis</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nicolas, A" uniqKey="Nicolas A">A. Nicolas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petit, D" uniqKey="Petit D">D. Petit</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rompre, S" uniqKey="Rompre S">S. Rompré</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Petit, D" uniqKey="Petit D">D. Petit</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J.-F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fantini, M L" uniqKey="Fantini M">M. L. Fantini</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferini Strambi, L" uniqKey="Ferini Strambi L">L. Ferini-Strambi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Postuma, R B" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. B. Postuma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J. F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rompre, S" uniqKey="Rompre S">S. Rompré</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J Y" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Y. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Primavera, A" uniqKey="Primavera A">A. Primavera</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Novello, P" uniqKey="Novello P">P. Novello</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Puca, F" uniqKey="Puca F">F. Puca</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bricolo, A" uniqKey="Bricolo A">A. Bricolo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Turella, G" uniqKey="Turella G">G. Turella</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rauchs, G" uniqKey="Rauchs G">G. Rauchs</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schabus, M" uniqKey="Schabus M">M. Schabus</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parapatics, S" uniqKey="Parapatics S">S. Parapatics</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bertran, F" uniqKey="Bertran F">F. Bertran</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clochon, P" uniqKey="Clochon P">P. Clochon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hot, P" uniqKey="Hot P">P. Hot</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rodrigues Brazete, J" uniqKey="Rodrigues Brazete J">J. Rodrigues Brazète</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petit, D" uniqKey="Petit D">D. Petit</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postuma, R B" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. B. Postuma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bertrand, J A" uniqKey="Bertrand J">J.-A. Bertrand</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Genier Marchand, D" uniqKey="Genier Marchand D">D. Génier Marchand</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roth, C" uniqKey="Roth C">C. Roth</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jeanmonod, D" uniqKey="Jeanmonod D">D. Jeanmonod</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Magnin, M" uniqKey="Magnin M">M. Magnin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morel, A" uniqKey="Morel A">A. Morel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Achermann, P" uniqKey="Achermann P">P. Achermann</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Salawu, F" uniqKey="Salawu F">F. Salawu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Danburam, A" uniqKey="Danburam A">A. Danburam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olokoba, A" uniqKey="Olokoba A">A. Olokoba</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schabus, M" uniqKey="Schabus M">M. Schabus</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hodlmoser, K" uniqKey="Hodlmoser K">K. Hödlmoser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, G" uniqKey="Gruber G">G. Gruber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sauter, C" uniqKey="Sauter C">C. Sauter</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anderer, P" uniqKey="Anderer P">P. Anderer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klosch, G" uniqKey="Klosch G">G. Klösch</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schenck, C H" uniqKey="Schenck C">C. H. Schenck</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boeve, B F" uniqKey="Boeve B">B. F. Boeve</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mahowald, M W" uniqKey="Mahowald M">M. W. Mahowald</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schenck, C H" uniqKey="Schenck C">C. H. Schenck</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bundlie, S R" uniqKey="Bundlie S">S. R. Bundlie</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mahowald, M W" uniqKey="Mahowald M">M. W. Mahowald</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schenck, C H" uniqKey="Schenck C">C. H. Schenck</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J Y" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Y. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frauscher, B" uniqKey="Frauscher B">B. Frauscher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hogl, B" uniqKey="Hogl B">B. Hogl</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J.-F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postuma, R" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. Postuma</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sirakov, A" uniqKey="Sirakov A">A. Sirakov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mezan, I" uniqKey="Mezan I">I. Mezan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Soikkeli, R" uniqKey="Soikkeli R">R. Soikkeli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Partanen, J" uniqKey="Partanen J">J. Partanen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Soininen, H" uniqKey="Soininen H">H. Soininen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="P Kkonen, A" uniqKey="P Kkonen A">A. Pääkkönen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Riekkinen, P" uniqKey="Riekkinen P">P. Riekkinen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sorensen, G L" uniqKey="Sorensen G">G. L. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, M" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M">M. Zoetmulder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sorensen, G L" uniqKey="Sorensen G">G. L. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mehlsen, J" uniqKey="Mehlsen J">J. Mehlsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steriade, M" uniqKey="Steriade M">M. Steriade</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccormick, D" uniqKey="Mccormick D">D. McCormick</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sejnowski, T" uniqKey="Sejnowski T">T. Sejnowski</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steriade, M" uniqKey="Steriade M">M. Steriade</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Timofeev, I" uniqKey="Timofeev I">I. Timofeev</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stevens, S" uniqKey="Stevens S">S. Stevens</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Comella, C L" uniqKey="Comella C">C. L. Comella</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wamsley, E J" uniqKey="Wamsley E">E. J. Wamsley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tucker, M A" uniqKey="Tucker M">M. A. Tucker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shinn, A K" uniqKey="Shinn A">A. K. Shinn</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ono, K E" uniqKey="Ono K">K. E. Ono</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mckinley, S K" uniqKey="Mckinley S">S. K. McKinley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ely, A V" uniqKey="Ely A">A. V. Ely</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Warby, S C" uniqKey="Warby S">S. C. Warby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wendt, S L" uniqKey="Wendt S">S. L. Wendt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Welinder, P" uniqKey="Welinder P">P. Welinder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Munk, E G S" uniqKey="Munk E">E. G. S. Munk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrillo, O" uniqKey="Carrillo O">O. Carrillo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wauquier, A" uniqKey="Wauquier A">A. Wauquier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wendt, S L" uniqKey="Wendt S">S. L. Wendt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Welinder, P" uniqKey="Welinder P">P. Welinder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P J" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. J. Jennum</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peppard, P E" uniqKey="Peppard P">P. E. Peppard</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perona, P" uniqKey="Perona P">P. Perona</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wermuth, L" uniqKey="Wermuth L">L. Wermuth</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lassen, C F" uniqKey="Lassen C">C. F. Lassen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Himmerslev, L" uniqKey="Himmerslev L">L. Himmerslev</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olsen, J" uniqKey="Olsen J">J. Olsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ritz, B" uniqKey="Ritz B">B. Ritz</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Westerberg, C E" uniqKey="Westerberg C">C. E. Westerberg</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mander, B A" uniqKey="Mander B">B. A. Mander</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Florczak, S M" uniqKey="Florczak S">S. M. Florczak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weintraub, S" uniqKey="Weintraub S">S. Weintraub</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mesulam, M M" uniqKey="Mesulam M">M.-M. Mesulam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zee, P C" uniqKey="Zee P">P. C. Zee</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<double pmid="25983685"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Julie A E" sort="Christensen, Julie A E" uniqKey="Christensen J" first="Julie A. E." last="Christensen">Julie A. E. Christensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Miki" sort="Nikolic, Miki" uniqKey="Nikolic M" first="Miki" last="Nikolic">Miki Nikolic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warby, Simon C" sort="Warby, Simon C" uniqKey="Warby S" first="Simon C." last="Warby">Simon C. Warby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal</institution>
<country>Montréal, QC, Canada</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, Henriette" sort="Koch, Henriette" uniqKey="Koch H" first="Henriette" last="Koch">Henriette Koch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, Marielle" sort="Zoetmulder, Marielle" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M" first="Marielle" last="Zoetmulder">Marielle Zoetmulder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, Rune" sort="Frandsen, Rune" uniqKey="Frandsen R" first="Rune" last="Frandsen">Rune Frandsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moghadam, Keivan K" sort="Moghadam, Keivan K" uniqKey="Moghadam K" first="Keivan K." last="Moghadam">Keivan K. Moghadam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna</institution>
<country>Bologna, Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Helge B D" sort="Sorensen, Helge B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H" first="Helge B. D." last="Sorensen">Helge B. D. Sorensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mignot, Emmanuel" sort="Mignot, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Mignot E" first="Emmanuel" last="Mignot">Emmanuel Mignot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, Poul J" sort="Jennum, Poul J" uniqKey="Jennum P" first="Poul J." last="Jennum">Poul J. Jennum</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">25983685</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4416460</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4416460</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4416460</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2015.00233</idno>
<date when="2015">2015</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000060</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000206</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000206</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Julie A E" sort="Christensen, Julie A E" uniqKey="Christensen J" first="Julie A. E." last="Christensen">Julie A. E. Christensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Miki" sort="Nikolic, Miki" uniqKey="Nikolic M" first="Miki" last="Nikolic">Miki Nikolic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warby, Simon C" sort="Warby, Simon C" uniqKey="Warby S" first="Simon C." last="Warby">Simon C. Warby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal</institution>
<country>Montréal, QC, Canada</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, Henriette" sort="Koch, Henriette" uniqKey="Koch H" first="Henriette" last="Koch">Henriette Koch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, Marielle" sort="Zoetmulder, Marielle" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M" first="Marielle" last="Zoetmulder">Marielle Zoetmulder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, Rune" sort="Frandsen, Rune" uniqKey="Frandsen R" first="Rune" last="Frandsen">Rune Frandsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moghadam, Keivan K" sort="Moghadam, Keivan K" uniqKey="Moghadam K" first="Keivan K." last="Moghadam">Keivan K. Moghadam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna</institution>
<country>Bologna, Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Helge B D" sort="Sorensen, Helge B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H" first="Helge B. D." last="Sorensen">Helge B. D. Sorensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark</institution>
<country>Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mignot, Emmanuel" sort="Mignot, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Mignot E" first="Emmanuel" last="Mignot">Emmanuel Mignot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University</institution>
<country>Palo Alto, CA, USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, Poul J" sort="Jennum, Poul J" uniqKey="Jennum P" first="Poul J." last="Jennum">Poul J. Jennum</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital</institution>
<country>Glostrup, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen</institution>
<country>Copenhagen, Denmark</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea></wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1662-5161</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to identify changes of sleep spindles (SS) in the EEG of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Five sleep experts manually identified SS at a central scalp location (C3-A2) in 15 PD and 15 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Each SS was given a confidence score, and by using a group consensus rule, 901 SS were identified and characterized by their (1) duration, (2) oscillation frequency, (3) maximum peak-to-peak amplitude, (4) percent-to-peak amplitude, and (5) density. Between-group comparisons were made for all SS characteristics computed, and significant changes for PD patients vs. control subjects were found for duration, oscillation frequency, maximum peak-to-peak amplitude and density. Specifically, SS density was lower, duration was longer, oscillation frequency slower and maximum peak-to-peak amplitude higher in patients vs. controls. We also computed inter-expert reliability in SS scoring and found a significantly lower reliability in scoring definite SS in patients when compared to controls. How neurodegeneration in PD could influence SS characteristics is discussed. We also note that the SS morphological changes observed here may affect automatic detection of SS in patients with PD or other neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs).</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Braak, H" uniqKey="Braak H">H. Braak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tredici, K" uniqKey="Tredici K">K. Tredici</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Del Rub, U" uniqKey="Del Rub U">U. Del Rüb</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vos, R A" uniqKey="Vos R">R. A. Vos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Steur, E N H J" uniqKey="De Steur E">E. N. H. J. de Steur</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Braak, E" uniqKey="Braak E">E. Braak</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Caporro, M" uniqKey="Caporro M">M. Caporro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haneef, Z" uniqKey="Haneef Z">Z. Haneef</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yeh, H J" uniqKey="Yeh H">H. J. Yeh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lenartowicz, A" uniqKey="Lenartowicz A">A. Lenartowicz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buttinelli, C" uniqKey="Buttinelli C">C. Buttinelli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parvizi, J" uniqKey="Parvizi J">J. Parvizi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chaudhuri, K R" uniqKey="Chaudhuri K">K. R. Chaudhuri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Healy, D G" uniqKey="Healy D">D. G. Healy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schapira, A H" uniqKey="Schapira A">A. H. Schapira</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chaudhuri, K R" uniqKey="Chaudhuri K">K. R. Chaudhuri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Odin, P" uniqKey="Odin P">P. Odin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Antonini, A" uniqKey="Antonini A">A. Antonini</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinez Martin, P" uniqKey="Martinez Martin P">P. Martinez-Martin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, M" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M">M. Zoetmulder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leonthin, H L" uniqKey="Leonthin H">H. L. Leonthin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, H" uniqKey="Koch H">H. Koch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, M" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M">M. Zoetmulder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, H" uniqKey="Koch H">H. Koch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Comella, C L" uniqKey="Comella C">C. L. Comella</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tanner, C M" uniqKey="Tanner C">C. M. Tanner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ristanovic, R K" uniqKey="Ristanovic R">R. K. Ristanovic</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Danker Hopfe, H" uniqKey="Danker Hopfe H">H. Danker-Hopfe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kunz, D" uniqKey="Kunz D">D. Kunz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, G" uniqKey="Gruber G">G. Gruber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klosch, G" uniqKey="Klosch G">G. Klösch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lorenzo, J L" uniqKey="Lorenzo J">J. L. Lorenzo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Himanen, S L" uniqKey="Himanen S">S. L. Himanen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Gennaro, L" uniqKey="De Gennaro L">L. De Gennaro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferrara, M" uniqKey="Ferrara M">M. Ferrara</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Emser, W" uniqKey="Emser W">W. Emser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brenner, M" uniqKey="Brenner M">M. Brenner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stober, T" uniqKey="Stober T">T. Stober</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schimrigk, K" uniqKey="Schimrigk K">K. Schimrigk</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fogel, S" uniqKey="Fogel S">S. Fogel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martin, N" uniqKey="Martin N">N. Martin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barakat, M" uniqKey="Barakat M">M. Barakat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Debas, K" uniqKey="Debas K">K. Debas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Laventure, S" uniqKey="Laventure S">S. Laventure</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fogel, S M" uniqKey="Fogel S">S. M. Fogel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, C T" uniqKey="Smith C">C. T. Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Galvin, J E" uniqKey="Galvin J">J. E. Galvin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, M Y" uniqKey="Lee M">M.-Y. Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Trojanowski, J Q" uniqKey="Trojanowski J">J. Q. Trojanowski</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garcia Ruiz, P J" uniqKey="Garcia Ruiz P">P. J. Garcia-Ruiz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chaudhuri, K R" uniqKey="Chaudhuri K">K. R. Chaudhuri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinez Martin, P" uniqKey="Martinez Martin P">P. Martinez-Martin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Happe, S" uniqKey="Happe S">S. Happe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anderer, P" uniqKey="Anderer P">P. Anderer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pirker, W" uniqKey="Pirker W">W. Pirker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klosch, G" uniqKey="Klosch G">G. Klösch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, G" uniqKey="Gruber G">G. Gruber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Saletu, B" uniqKey="Saletu B">B. Saletu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iber, C" uniqKey="Iber C">C. Iber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ancoli Israel, S" uniqKey="Ancoli Israel S">S. Ancoli-Israel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chesson, A L" uniqKey="Chesson A">A. L. Chesson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quan, S F" uniqKey="Quan S">S. F. Quan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iranzo, A" uniqKey="Iranzo A">A. Iranzo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jensen, P S" uniqKey="Jensen P">P. S. Jensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leonthin, H L" uniqKey="Leonthin H">H. L. Leonthin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, M" uniqKey="Nikolic M">M. Nikolic</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koch, H" uniqKey="Koch H">H. Koch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, J A E" uniqKey="Christensen J">J. A. E. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, R" uniqKey="Frandsen R">R. Frandsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arvastson, L" uniqKey="Arvastson L">L. Arvastson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, S R" uniqKey="Christensen S">S. R. Christensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P J" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. J. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ktonas, P Y" uniqKey="Ktonas P">P. Y. Ktonas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Golemati, S" uniqKey="Golemati S">S. Golemati</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xanthopoulos, P" uniqKey="Xanthopoulos P">P. Xanthopoulos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sakkalis, V" uniqKey="Sakkalis V">V. Sakkalis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ortigueira, M D" uniqKey="Ortigueira M">M. D. Ortigueira</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tsekou, H" uniqKey="Tsekou H">H. Tsekou</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Landis, J R" uniqKey="Landis J">J. R. Landis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, G G" uniqKey="Koch G">G. G. Koch</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Latreille, V" uniqKey="Latreille V">V. Latreille</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrier, J" uniqKey="Carrier J">J. Carrier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postuma, R B" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. B. Postuma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bertrand, J A" uniqKey="Bertrand J">J.-A. Bertrand</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Panisset, M" uniqKey="Panisset M">M. Panisset</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Latreille, V" uniqKey="Latreille V">V. Latreille</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrier, J" uniqKey="Carrier J">J. Carrier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J.-F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Leiser, S C" uniqKey="Leiser S">S. C. Leiser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dunlop, J" uniqKey="Dunlop J">J. Dunlop</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bowlby, M R" uniqKey="Bowlby M">M. R. Bowlby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Devilbiss, D M" uniqKey="Devilbiss D">D. M. Devilbiss</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Margis, R" uniqKey="Margis R">R. Margis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schonwald, S V" uniqKey="Schonwald S">S. V. Schönwald</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carvalho, D Z" uniqKey="Carvalho D">D. Z. Carvalho</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gerhardt, G J L" uniqKey="Gerhardt G">G. J. L. Gerhardt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rieder, C R M" uniqKey="Rieder C">C. R. M. Rieder</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Martin, N" uniqKey="Martin N">N. Martin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lafortune, M" uniqKey="Lafortune M">M. Lafortune</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Godbout, J" uniqKey="Godbout J">J. Godbout</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barakat, M" uniqKey="Barakat M">M. Barakat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Robillard, R" uniqKey="Robillard R">R. Robillard</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poirier, G" uniqKey="Poirier G">G. Poirier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Micallef, J" uniqKey="Micallef J">J. Micallef</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rey, M" uniqKey="Rey M">M. Rey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eusebio, A" uniqKey="Eusebio A">A. Eusebio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Audebert, C" uniqKey="Audebert C">C. Audebert</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rouby, F" uniqKey="Rouby F">F. Rouby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jouve, E" uniqKey="Jouve E">E. Jouve</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Micanovic, C" uniqKey="Micanovic C">C. Micanovic</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pal, S" uniqKey="Pal S">S. Pal</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Myslobodsky, M" uniqKey="Myslobodsky M">M. Myslobodsky</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mintz, M" uniqKey="Mintz M">M. Mintz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ben Mayor, V" uniqKey="Ben Mayor V">V. Ben-Mayor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Radwan, H" uniqKey="Radwan H">H. Radwan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, L" uniqKey="Nguyen L">L. Nguyen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bradshaw, J L" uniqKey="Bradshaw J">J. L. Bradshaw</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stout, J C" uniqKey="Stout J">J. C. Stout</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Croft, R J" uniqKey="Croft R">R. J. Croft</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Georgiou Karistianis, N" uniqKey="Georgiou Karistianis N">N. Georgiou-Karistianis</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nicolas, A" uniqKey="Nicolas A">A. Nicolas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petit, D" uniqKey="Petit D">D. Petit</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rompre, S" uniqKey="Rompre S">S. Rompré</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Petit, D" uniqKey="Petit D">D. Petit</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J.-F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fantini, M L" uniqKey="Fantini M">M. L. Fantini</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferini Strambi, L" uniqKey="Ferini Strambi L">L. Ferini-Strambi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Postuma, R B" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. B. Postuma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J. F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rompre, S" uniqKey="Rompre S">S. Rompré</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J Y" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Y. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Primavera, A" uniqKey="Primavera A">A. Primavera</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Novello, P" uniqKey="Novello P">P. Novello</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Puca, F" uniqKey="Puca F">F. Puca</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bricolo, A" uniqKey="Bricolo A">A. Bricolo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Turella, G" uniqKey="Turella G">G. Turella</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rauchs, G" uniqKey="Rauchs G">G. Rauchs</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schabus, M" uniqKey="Schabus M">M. Schabus</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parapatics, S" uniqKey="Parapatics S">S. Parapatics</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bertran, F" uniqKey="Bertran F">F. Bertran</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clochon, P" uniqKey="Clochon P">P. Clochon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hot, P" uniqKey="Hot P">P. Hot</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rodrigues Brazete, J" uniqKey="Rodrigues Brazete J">J. Rodrigues Brazète</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petit, D" uniqKey="Petit D">D. Petit</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postuma, R B" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. B. Postuma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bertrand, J A" uniqKey="Bertrand J">J.-A. Bertrand</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Genier Marchand, D" uniqKey="Genier Marchand D">D. Génier Marchand</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roth, C" uniqKey="Roth C">C. Roth</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jeanmonod, D" uniqKey="Jeanmonod D">D. Jeanmonod</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Magnin, M" uniqKey="Magnin M">M. Magnin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morel, A" uniqKey="Morel A">A. Morel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Achermann, P" uniqKey="Achermann P">P. Achermann</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Salawu, F" uniqKey="Salawu F">F. Salawu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Danburam, A" uniqKey="Danburam A">A. Danburam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olokoba, A" uniqKey="Olokoba A">A. Olokoba</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schabus, M" uniqKey="Schabus M">M. Schabus</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hodlmoser, K" uniqKey="Hodlmoser K">K. Hödlmoser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gruber, G" uniqKey="Gruber G">G. Gruber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sauter, C" uniqKey="Sauter C">C. Sauter</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anderer, P" uniqKey="Anderer P">P. Anderer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klosch, G" uniqKey="Klosch G">G. Klösch</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schenck, C H" uniqKey="Schenck C">C. H. Schenck</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boeve, B F" uniqKey="Boeve B">B. F. Boeve</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mahowald, M W" uniqKey="Mahowald M">M. W. Mahowald</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schenck, C H" uniqKey="Schenck C">C. H. Schenck</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bundlie, S R" uniqKey="Bundlie S">S. R. Bundlie</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mahowald, M W" uniqKey="Mahowald M">M. W. Mahowald</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schenck, C H" uniqKey="Schenck C">C. H. Schenck</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Montplaisir, J Y" uniqKey="Montplaisir J">J. Y. Montplaisir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frauscher, B" uniqKey="Frauscher B">B. Frauscher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hogl, B" uniqKey="Hogl B">B. Hogl</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnon, J F" uniqKey="Gagnon J">J.-F. Gagnon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postuma, R" uniqKey="Postuma R">R. Postuma</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sirakov, A" uniqKey="Sirakov A">A. Sirakov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mezan, I" uniqKey="Mezan I">I. Mezan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Soikkeli, R" uniqKey="Soikkeli R">R. Soikkeli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Partanen, J" uniqKey="Partanen J">J. Partanen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Soininen, H" uniqKey="Soininen H">H. Soininen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="P Kkonen, A" uniqKey="P Kkonen A">A. Pääkkönen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Riekkinen, P" uniqKey="Riekkinen P">P. Riekkinen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sorensen, G L" uniqKey="Sorensen G">G. L. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kempfner, J" uniqKey="Kempfner J">J. Kempfner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, M" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M">M. Zoetmulder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sorensen, G L" uniqKey="Sorensen G">G. L. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mehlsen, J" uniqKey="Mehlsen J">J. Mehlsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. Jennum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steriade, M" uniqKey="Steriade M">M. Steriade</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccormick, D" uniqKey="Mccormick D">D. McCormick</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sejnowski, T" uniqKey="Sejnowski T">T. Sejnowski</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steriade, M" uniqKey="Steriade M">M. Steriade</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Timofeev, I" uniqKey="Timofeev I">I. Timofeev</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stevens, S" uniqKey="Stevens S">S. Stevens</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Comella, C L" uniqKey="Comella C">C. L. Comella</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wamsley, E J" uniqKey="Wamsley E">E. J. Wamsley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tucker, M A" uniqKey="Tucker M">M. A. Tucker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shinn, A K" uniqKey="Shinn A">A. K. Shinn</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ono, K E" uniqKey="Ono K">K. E. Ono</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mckinley, S K" uniqKey="Mckinley S">S. K. McKinley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ely, A V" uniqKey="Ely A">A. V. Ely</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Warby, S C" uniqKey="Warby S">S. C. Warby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wendt, S L" uniqKey="Wendt S">S. L. Wendt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Welinder, P" uniqKey="Welinder P">P. Welinder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Munk, E G S" uniqKey="Munk E">E. G. S. Munk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrillo, O" uniqKey="Carrillo O">O. Carrillo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wauquier, A" uniqKey="Wauquier A">A. Wauquier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wendt, S L" uniqKey="Wendt S">S. L. Wendt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Welinder, P" uniqKey="Welinder P">P. Welinder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, H B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H">H. B. D. Sorensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, P J" uniqKey="Jennum P">P. J. Jennum</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peppard, P E" uniqKey="Peppard P">P. E. Peppard</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perona, P" uniqKey="Perona P">P. Perona</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wermuth, L" uniqKey="Wermuth L">L. Wermuth</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lassen, C F" uniqKey="Lassen C">C. F. Lassen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Himmerslev, L" uniqKey="Himmerslev L">L. Himmerslev</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olsen, J" uniqKey="Olsen J">J. Olsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ritz, B" uniqKey="Ritz B">B. Ritz</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Westerberg, C E" uniqKey="Westerberg C">C. E. Westerberg</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mander, B A" uniqKey="Mander B">B. A. Mander</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Florczak, S M" uniqKey="Florczak S">S. M. Florczak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weintraub, S" uniqKey="Weintraub S">S. Weintraub</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mesulam, M M" uniqKey="Mesulam M">M.-M. Mesulam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zee, P C" uniqKey="Zee P">P. C. Zee</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
</pmc>
<pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Julie A E" sort="Christensen, Julie A E" uniqKey="Christensen J" first="Julie A E" last="Christensen">Julie A E. Christensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Miki" sort="Nikolic, Miki" uniqKey="Nikolic M" first="Miki" last="Nikolic">Miki Nikolic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warby, Simon C" sort="Warby, Simon C" uniqKey="Warby S" first="Simon C" last="Warby">Simon C. Warby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal Montréal, QC</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, Henriette" sort="Koch, Henriette" uniqKey="Koch H" first="Henriette" last="Koch">Henriette Koch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, Marielle" sort="Zoetmulder, Marielle" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M" first="Marielle" last="Zoetmulder">Marielle Zoetmulder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, Rune" sort="Frandsen, Rune" uniqKey="Frandsen R" first="Rune" last="Frandsen">Rune Frandsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moghadam, Keivan K" sort="Moghadam, Keivan K" uniqKey="Moghadam K" first="Keivan K" last="Moghadam">Keivan K. Moghadam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna Bologna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna Bologna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bologna Bologna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Helge B D" sort="Sorensen, Helge B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H" first="Helge B D" last="Sorensen">Helge B D. Sorensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mignot, Emmanuel" sort="Mignot, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Mignot E" first="Emmanuel" last="Mignot">Emmanuel Mignot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, Poul J" sort="Jennum, Poul J" uniqKey="Jennum P" first="Poul J" last="Jennum">Poul J. Jennum</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Copenhagen Copenhagen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2015">2015</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:25983685</idno>
<idno type="pmid">25983685</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2015.00233</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000509</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000509</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Julie A E" sort="Christensen, Julie A E" uniqKey="Christensen J" first="Julie A E" last="Christensen">Julie A E. Christensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Miki" sort="Nikolic, Miki" uniqKey="Nikolic M" first="Miki" last="Nikolic">Miki Nikolic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warby, Simon C" sort="Warby, Simon C" uniqKey="Warby S" first="Simon C" last="Warby">Simon C. Warby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Sacré-Coeur Hospital of Montréal, University of Montréal Montréal, QC</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koch, Henriette" sort="Koch, Henriette" uniqKey="Koch H" first="Henriette" last="Koch">Henriette Koch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark ; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zoetmulder, Marielle" sort="Zoetmulder, Marielle" uniqKey="Zoetmulder M" first="Marielle" last="Zoetmulder">Marielle Zoetmulder</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frandsen, Rune" sort="Frandsen, Rune" uniqKey="Frandsen R" first="Rune" last="Frandsen">Rune Frandsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moghadam, Keivan K" sort="Moghadam, Keivan K" uniqKey="Moghadam K" first="Keivan K" last="Moghadam">Keivan K. Moghadam</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna Bologna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna Bologna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bologna Bologna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Helge B D" sort="Sorensen, Helge B D" uniqKey="Sorensen H" first="Helge B D" last="Sorensen">Helge B D. Sorensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mignot, Emmanuel" sort="Mignot, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Mignot E" first="Emmanuel" last="Mignot">Emmanuel Mignot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jennum, Poul J" sort="Jennum, Poul J" uniqKey="Jennum P" first="Poul J" last="Jennum">Poul J. Jennum</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup University Hospital Glostrup, Denmark ; Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Copenhagen Copenhagen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Frontiers in human neuroscience</title>
<imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The aim of this study was to identify changes of sleep spindles (SS) in the EEG of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Five sleep experts manually identified SS at a central scalp location (C3-A2) in 15 PD and 15 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Each SS was given a confidence score, and by using a group consensus rule, 901 SS were identified and characterized by their (1) duration, (2) oscillation frequency, (3) maximum peak-to-peak amplitude, (4) percent-to-peak amplitude, and (5) density. Between-group comparisons were made for all SS characteristics computed, and significant changes for PD patients vs. control subjects were found for duration, oscillation frequency, maximum peak-to-peak amplitude and density. Specifically, SS density was lower, duration was longer, oscillation frequency slower and maximum peak-to-peak amplitude higher in patients vs.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</pubmed>
</double>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Canada/explor/ParkinsonCanadaV1/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001B68 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 001B68 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Wicri/Canada |area= ParkinsonCanadaV1 |flux= Ncbi |étape= Merge |type= RBID |clé= PMC:4416460 |texte= Sleep spindle alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:25983685" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a ParkinsonCanadaV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.29. | ![]() |