Genetic Heterogeneity in Algerian Human Populations
Identifieur interne : 000025 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000024; suivant : 000026Genetic Heterogeneity in Algerian Human Populations
Auteurs : Asmahan Bekada [Algérie] ; Lara R. Arauna [Espagne] ; Tahria Deba [Algérie] ; Francesc Calafell [Espagne] ; Soraya Benhamamouch [Algérie] ; David Comas [Espagne]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The demographic history of human populations in North Africa has been characterized by complex processes of admixture and isolation that have modeled its current gene pool. Diverse genetic ancestral components with different origins (autochthonous, European, Middle Eastern, and sub-Saharan) and genetic heterogeneity in the region have been described. In this complex genetic landscape, Algeria, the largest country in Africa, has been poorly covered, with most of the studies using a single Algerian sample. In order to evaluate the genetic heterogeneity of Algeria, Y-chromosome, mtDNA and autosomal genome-wide makers have been analyzed in several Berber- and Arab-speaking groups. Our results show that the genetic heterogeneity found in Algeria is not correlated with geography or linguistics, challenging the idea of Berber groups being genetically isolated and Arab groups open to gene flow. In addition, we have found that external sources of gene flow into North Africa have been carried more often by females than males, while the North African autochthonous component is more frequent in paternally transmitted genome regions. Our results highlight the different demographic history revealed by different markers and urge to be cautious when deriving general conclusions from partial genomic information or from single samples as representatives of the total population of a region.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138453
PubMed: 26402429
PubMed Central: 4581715
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Arauna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deba, Tahria" sort="Deba, Tahria" uniqKey="Deba T" first="Tahria" last="Deba">Tahria Deba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Centre de Transfusion Sanguine- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d’Oran (CTS-CHUO), Oran, Algeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Transfusion Sanguine- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d’Oran (CTS-CHUO), Oran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Calafell, Francesc" sort="Calafell, Francesc" uniqKey="Calafell F" first="Francesc" last="Calafell">Francesc Calafell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benhamamouch, Soraya" sort="Benhamamouch, Soraya" uniqKey="Benhamamouch S" first="Soraya" last="Benhamamouch">Soraya Benhamamouch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Département de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran 1 (Ahmad Ben Bella), Oran, Algeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Algérie</country><wicri:regionArea>Département de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran 1 (Ahmad Ben Bella), Oran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Comas, David" sort="Comas, David" uniqKey="Comas D" first="David" last="Comas">David Comas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The demographic history of human populations in North Africa has been characterized by complex processes of admixture and isolation that have modeled its current gene pool. Diverse genetic ancestral components with different origins (autochthonous, European, Middle Eastern, and sub-Saharan) and genetic heterogeneity in the region have been described. In this complex genetic landscape, Algeria, the largest country in Africa, has been poorly covered, with most of the studies using a single Algerian sample. In order to evaluate the genetic heterogeneity of Algeria, Y-chromosome, mtDNA and autosomal genome-wide makers have been analyzed in several Berber- and Arab-speaking groups. Our results show that the genetic heterogeneity found in Algeria is not correlated with geography or linguistics, challenging the idea of Berber groups being genetically isolated and Arab groups open to gene flow. In addition, we have found that external sources of gene flow into North Africa have been carried more often by females than males, while the North African autochthonous component is more frequent in paternally transmitted genome regions. Our results highlight the different demographic history revealed by different markers and urge to be cautious when deriving general conclusions from partial genomic information or from single samples as representatives of the total population of a region.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Tm" uniqKey="Smith T">TM Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tafforeau, P" uniqKey="Tafforeau P">P Tafforeau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reid, Dj" uniqKey="Reid D">DJ Reid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grun, R" uniqKey="Grun R">R Grün</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eggins, S" uniqKey="Eggins S">S Eggins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boutakiout, M" uniqKey="Boutakiout M">M Boutakiout</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Camps, G" uniqKey="Camps G">G Camps</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26402429</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4581715</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0138453</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-15-26585</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Genetic Heterogeneity in Algerian Human Populations</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Genetic Heterogeneity in Algerian Human Populations</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Bekada</surname><given-names>Asmahan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Arauna</surname><given-names>Lara R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Deba</surname><given-names>Tahria</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Calafell</surname><given-names>Francesc</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Benhamamouch</surname><given-names>Soraya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Comas</surname><given-names>David</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref rid="cor001" ref-type="corresp">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Département de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran 1 (Ahmad Ben Bella), Oran, Algeria</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff003"><label>3</label><addr-line>Centre de Transfusion Sanguine- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d’Oran (CTS-CHUO), Oran, Algeria</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Kayser</surname><given-names>Manfred</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Erasmus University Medical Center, NETHERLANDS</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="conflict" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: SB DC. Performed the experiments: AB LRA. Analyzed the data: AB LRA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AB LRA TD FC SB DC. Wrote the paper: AB LRA FC SB DC.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>david.comas@upf.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>9</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>9</issue><elocation-id>e0138453</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>31</day><month>8</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Bekada et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0138453.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>The demographic history of human populations in North Africa has been characterized by complex processes of admixture and isolation that have modeled its current gene pool. Diverse genetic ancestral components with different origins (autochthonous, European, Middle Eastern, and sub-Saharan) and genetic heterogeneity in the region have been described. In this complex genetic landscape, Algeria, the largest country in Africa, has been poorly covered, with most of the studies using a single Algerian sample. In order to evaluate the genetic heterogeneity of Algeria, Y-chromosome, mtDNA and autosomal genome-wide makers have been analyzed in several Berber- and Arab-speaking groups. Our results show that the genetic heterogeneity found in Algeria is not correlated with geography or linguistics, challenging the idea of Berber groups being genetically isolated and Arab groups open to gene flow. In addition, we have found that external sources of gene flow into North Africa have been carried more often by females than males, while the North African autochthonous component is more frequent in paternally transmitted genome regions. Our results highlight the different demographic history revealed by different markers and urge to be cautious when deriving general conclusions from partial genomic information or from single samples as representatives of the total population of a region.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This study was supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad grant CGL2013-44351-P and by Direcció General de Recerca, Generalitat de Catalunya grant 2014SGR866. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="4"></fig-count><table-count count="2"></table-count><page-count count="15"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Additional data are available on Figshare (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://figshare.com/articles/Zenata_genotypes/1534498">http://figshare.com/articles/Zenata_genotypes/1534498</ext-link>).</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Additional data are available on Figshare (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://figshare.com/articles/Zenata_genotypes/1534498">http://figshare.com/articles/Zenata_genotypes/1534498</ext-link>).</p></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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