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Magma mixing at Nisyros volcano, as inferred from incompatible trace-element systematics

Identifieur interne : 000017 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000016; suivant : 000018

Magma mixing at Nisyros volcano, as inferred from incompatible trace-element systematics

Auteurs : Karen St. Seymour ; Dimitri Vlassopoulos

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:370A9F4E79C3472143C44081362B4BDDC9DE2EE2

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: Rocks of the calc-alkaline volcanic complex of Nisyros, at the eastern end of the Quaternary South Aegean volcanic arc, range in composition from basaltic andesite to rhyodacite. Major- and compatible trace-element systematics are dominated by crystal fractionation, involving olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite in the mafic to intermediate compositional range and plagioclase, clinopyroxene, hypersthene, Fe-Ti oxides, and apatite in the intermediate to silicic range, although there is a marked paucity of lavas with 60–66 wt.% SiO2. The occurrence of andesitic inclusions in pre- and post-caldera dacites as well as reversely zoned and/or partly resorbed phenocrysts, exotic mineralogy (e.g., forsteritic olivine), compositionally bimodal plagioclase phenocryst populations, and the observation of two distinct glass phases in melt inclusions and pumices all indicate that magma mixing processes have played a role in the petrogenesis of Nisyros. Incompatible trace-element systematics are consistent with mixing between mafic and silicic end members. Major-element binary mixing calculations between end members successfully reproduce the dacite composition. The eruptive sequence at Nisyros suggests the existence of a compositionally zoned magma chamber, in which mixing between underlying more mafic magma and overlying rhyodacitic melt result in the formation of dacitic magmas. Inherent mineral assemblages in basaltic andesites indicate that mixing between mafic liquids and between mafic and more silicic liquids played also a role in their petrogenesis.

Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0377-0273(92)90097-W

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:370A9F4E79C3472143C44081362B4BDDC9DE2EE2

Le document en format XML

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<p>Rocks of the calc-alkaline volcanic complex of Nisyros, at the eastern end of the Quaternary South Aegean volcanic arc, range in composition from basaltic andesite to rhyodacite. Major- and compatible trace-element systematics are dominated by crystal fractionation, involving olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite in the mafic to intermediate compositional range and plagioclase, clinopyroxene, hypersthene, Fe-Ti oxides, and apatite in the intermediate to silicic range, although there is a marked paucity of lavas with 60–66 wt.% SiO2. The occurrence of andesitic inclusions in pre- and post-caldera dacites as well as reversely zoned and/or partly resorbed phenocrysts, exotic mineralogy (e.g., forsteritic olivine), compositionally bimodal plagioclase phenocryst populations, and the observation of two distinct glass phases in melt inclusions and pumices all indicate that magma mixing processes have played a role in the petrogenesis of Nisyros. Incompatible trace-element systematics are consistent with mixing between mafic and silicic end members. Major-element binary mixing calculations between end members successfully reproduce the dacite composition. The eruptive sequence at Nisyros suggests the existence of a compositionally zoned magma chamber, in which mixing between underlying more mafic magma and overlying rhyodacitic melt result in the formation of dacitic magmas. Inherent mineral assemblages in basaltic andesites indicate that mixing between mafic liquids and between mafic and more silicic liquids played also a role in their petrogenesis.</p>
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<ce:simple-para>Rocks of the calc-alkaline volcanic complex of Nisyros, at the eastern end of the Quaternary South Aegean volcanic arc, range in composition from basaltic andesite to rhyodacite. Major- and compatible trace-element systematics are dominated by crystal fractionation, involving olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite in the mafic to intermediate compositional range and plagioclase, clinopyroxene, hypersthene, Fe-Ti oxides, and apatite in the intermediate to silicic range, although there is a marked paucity of lavas with 60–66 wt.% SiO
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. The occurrence of andesitic inclusions in pre- and post-caldera dacites as well as reversely zoned and/or partly resorbed phenocrysts, exotic mineralogy (e.g., forsteritic olivine), compositionally bimodal plagioclase phenocryst populations, and the observation of two distinct glass phases in melt inclusions and pumices all indicate that magma mixing processes have played a role in the petrogenesis of Nisyros. Incompatible trace-element systematics are consistent with mixing between mafic and silicic end members. Major-element binary mixing calculations between end members successfully reproduce the dacite composition. The eruptive sequence at Nisyros suggests the existence of a compositionally zoned magma chamber, in which mixing between underlying more mafic magma and overlying rhyodacitic melt result in the formation of dacitic magmas. Inherent mineral assemblages in basaltic andesites indicate that mixing between mafic liquids and between mafic and more silicic liquids played also a role in their petrogenesis.</ce:simple-para>
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<abstract lang="en">Abstract: Rocks of the calc-alkaline volcanic complex of Nisyros, at the eastern end of the Quaternary South Aegean volcanic arc, range in composition from basaltic andesite to rhyodacite. Major- and compatible trace-element systematics are dominated by crystal fractionation, involving olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite in the mafic to intermediate compositional range and plagioclase, clinopyroxene, hypersthene, Fe-Ti oxides, and apatite in the intermediate to silicic range, although there is a marked paucity of lavas with 60–66 wt.% SiO2. The occurrence of andesitic inclusions in pre- and post-caldera dacites as well as reversely zoned and/or partly resorbed phenocrysts, exotic mineralogy (e.g., forsteritic olivine), compositionally bimodal plagioclase phenocryst populations, and the observation of two distinct glass phases in melt inclusions and pumices all indicate that magma mixing processes have played a role in the petrogenesis of Nisyros. Incompatible trace-element systematics are consistent with mixing between mafic and silicic end members. Major-element binary mixing calculations between end members successfully reproduce the dacite composition. The eruptive sequence at Nisyros suggests the existence of a compositionally zoned magma chamber, in which mixing between underlying more mafic magma and overlying rhyodacitic melt result in the formation of dacitic magmas. Inherent mineral assemblages in basaltic andesites indicate that mixing between mafic liquids and between mafic and more silicic liquids played also a role in their petrogenesis.</abstract>
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