LrgpV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecordById, Hal:hal-01267208

End-of-life nickel-cadmium accumulators: characterization of electrode materials and industrial Black Mass

Identifieur interne : 000164 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000163; suivant : 000165

End-of-life nickel-cadmium accumulators: characterization of electrode materials and industrial Black Mass

Auteurs : Claire Hazotte [France] ; Nathalie Leclerc [France] ; Sebastien Diliberto [France] ; Eric Meux [France] ; François Lapicque [France]

Source :

Environmental Technology [ 0959-3330 ] ; 2015-03.

RBID : Hal:hal-01267208

Abstract

The aim of this paper is the characterization of spent NiCd batteries and the characterization of an industrial Black Mass obtained after crushing spent NiCd batteries and physical separation in a treatment plant. The characterization was first performed with five cylindrical NiCd batteries which were manually dismantled. Their characterization includes mass balance of the components, active powders elemental analysis and phase identification by X-ray powder diffraction. Chemical speciation of the two metals was also investigated. For cadmium, speciation was previously developed on solid synthetic samples. In a spent battery, the active powders correspond to about 43% of the battery weight. The other components are the separator and polymeric pieces (5%), the support plates (25%) and the carbon steel external case (27%). The sequential procedure shows that the nickel in the positive powders from the dismantled Ni-Cd batteries is distributed between Ni-0 (39.7%), Ni(OH)(2) (58.5%) and NiOOH (1.8%). Cadmium in the negative powder is about 99.9% as the Cd(OH)(2) form with 0.1% of metal cadmium. In the industrial Black Mass, the distribution of cadmium is the same, whereas the distribution of nickel is Ni-0 (46.9%), Ni(OH)(2) (43.2%) and NiOOH (9.9%). This material contains also 1.8% cobalt and approx. 1% iron.

Url:

https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01267208

DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.962621

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

to stream Hal, to step Corpus: 000422
to stream Hal, to step Curation: 000422
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Le document en format XML

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<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meux, Eric" sort="Meux, Eric" uniqKey="Meux E" first="Eric" last="Meux">Eric Meux</name>
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<idno type="RNSR">200918462H</idno>
<idno type="IdUnivLorraine">[UL]RTA--</idno>
<orgName>Institut Jean Lamour</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">IJL</orgName>
<date type="start">2012-01-01</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>Institut Jean Lamour, Parc de Saurupt, Rond-point Marguerite de Lorraine, CS 50840, 54011 NANCY cedex</addrLine>
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</address>
<ref type="url">http://ijl.univ-lorraine.fr</ref>
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<idno type="IdUnivLorraine">[UL]100--</idno>
<orgName>Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">UL</orgName>
<date type="start">2012-01-01</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>34 cours Léopold - CS 25233 - 54052 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.univ-lorraine.fr/</ref>
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<idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
<orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
<date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
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<ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
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<country>France</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Metz</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lapicque, Francois" sort="Lapicque, Francois" uniqKey="Lapicque F" first="François" last="Lapicque">François Lapicque</name>
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<idno type="RNSR">201320573K</idno>
<idno type="IdUnivLorraine">[UL]RQC--</idno>
<orgName>Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">LRGP</orgName>
<date type="start">2013-01-01</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>Université de Lorraine - ENSIC, 1 rue de Grandville BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://lrgp.univ-lorraine.fr/</ref>
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<orgName>Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">UL</orgName>
<date type="start">2012-01-01</date>
<desc><address><addrLine>34 cours Léopold - CS 25233 - 54052 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
<country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.univ-lorraine.fr/</ref>
</desc>
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<orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
<orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
<date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
<desc><address><country key="FR"></country>
</address>
<ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
</desc>
</org>
</tutelle>
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</hal:affiliation>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Metz</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nancy</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="laboratoire" n="5">Laboratoire réactions et génie des procédés</orgName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName>
<orgName type="institution">Centre national de la recherche scientifique</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<idno type="DOI">10.1080/09593330.2014.962621</idno>
<series><title level="j">Environmental Technology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0959-3330</idno>
<imprint><date type="datePub">2015-03</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The aim of this paper is the characterization of spent NiCd batteries and the characterization of an industrial Black Mass obtained after crushing spent NiCd batteries and physical separation in a treatment plant. The characterization was first performed with five cylindrical NiCd batteries which were manually dismantled. Their characterization includes mass balance of the components, active powders elemental analysis and phase identification by X-ray powder diffraction. Chemical speciation of the two metals was also investigated. For cadmium, speciation was previously developed on solid synthetic samples. In a spent battery, the active powders correspond to about 43% of the battery weight. The other components are the separator and polymeric pieces (5%), the support plates (25%) and the carbon steel external case (27%). The sequential procedure shows that the nickel in the positive powders from the dismantled Ni-Cd batteries is distributed between Ni-0 (39.7%), Ni(OH)(2) (58.5%) and NiOOH (1.8%). Cadmium in the negative powder is about 99.9% as the Cd(OH)(2) form with 0.1% of metal cadmium. In the industrial Black Mass, the distribution of cadmium is the same, whereas the distribution of nickel is Ni-0 (46.9%), Ni(OH)(2) (43.2%) and NiOOH (9.9%). This material contains also 1.8% cobalt and approx. 1% iron.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>France</li>
</country>
<region><li>Grand Est</li>
<li>Lorraine (région)</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Metz</li>
<li>Nancy</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Centre national de la recherche scientifique</li>
<li>Laboratoire réactions et génie des procédés</li>
<li>Université de Lorraine</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="France"><region name="Grand Est"><name sortKey="Hazotte, Claire" sort="Hazotte, Claire" uniqKey="Hazotte C" first="Claire" last="Hazotte">Claire Hazotte</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Diliberto, Sebastien" sort="Diliberto, Sebastien" uniqKey="Diliberto S" first="Sebastien" last="Diliberto">Sebastien Diliberto</name>
<name sortKey="Lapicque, Francois" sort="Lapicque, Francois" uniqKey="Lapicque F" first="François" last="Lapicque">François Lapicque</name>
<name sortKey="Leclerc, Nathalie" sort="Leclerc, Nathalie" uniqKey="Leclerc N" first="Nathalie" last="Leclerc">Nathalie Leclerc</name>
<name sortKey="Meux, Eric" sort="Meux, Eric" uniqKey="Meux E" first="Eric" last="Meux">Eric Meux</name>
</country>
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End-of-life nickel-cadmium accumulators: characterization of electrode materials and industrial Black Mass

End-of-life nickel-cadmium accumulators: characterization of electrode materials and industrial Black Mass

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