Acute dosimetry and estimation of threshold-inducing behavioral signs of thermal stress in rabbits at 2.45-GHz microwave exposure.
Identifieur interne : 000710 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000709; suivant : 000711Acute dosimetry and estimation of threshold-inducing behavioral signs of thermal stress in rabbits at 2.45-GHz microwave exposure.
Auteurs : Akimasa Hirata ; Masami Kojima ; Hiroki Kawai ; Yoko Yamashiro ; Soichi Watanabe ; Hiroshi Sasaki ; Osamu FujiwaraSource :
- IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering [ 1558-2531 ] ; 2010.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Behavior, Animal (radiation effects), Body Burden, Body Temperature (radiation effects), Computer Simulation, Differential Threshold (radiation effects), Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Heat-Shock Response (physiology), Heat-Shock Response (radiation effects), Male, Microwaves, Models, Biological, Rabbits, Radiation Dosage, Whole-Body Counting (methods), Whole-Body Irradiation (methods).
- MESH :
- methods : Whole-Body Counting, Whole-Body Irradiation.
- physiology : Heat-Shock Response.
- radiation effects : Behavior, Animal, Body Temperature, Differential Threshold, Heat-Shock Response.
- Animals, Body Burden, Computer Simulation, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Male, Microwaves, Models, Biological, Rabbits, Radiation Dosage.
Abstract
In the current international guidelines and standards for human exposure to microwaves (MWs), the basic restriction is determined by the whole-body average specific absorption rate (SAR). The basis for the guidelines is the adverse effect such as work stoppage in animals for whole-body average SARs above a certain level. Although it is known that absorbed MW energy causes the behavioral sign of thermal stress, the relationship of whole-body average SAR with temperature/temperature elevation has not been sufficiently investigated. In the present study, we performed experiments on rabbits exposed to 2.45-GHz MWs. A total of 24 measurements were conducted for power densities from approximately 100 to 1000 W/m(2). Our computational code for electromagnetic-thermal dosimetry was used to set the exposure time duration and incident power density. Our experimental results suggest that a core temperature elevation of 1 degrees C is an estimate of the threshold-inducing complex behavioral signs of MW-induced thermal stress in rabbits for different whole-body average SARs and exposure time durations. The whole-body average SAR required for MW-induced behavioral sign in rabbits was estimated as approximately 1.3 W/kg for 2.45-GHz MWs.
DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2009.2038896
PubMed: 20172806
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:20172806Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Hirata, Akimasa" sort="Hirata, Akimasa" uniqKey="Hirata A" first="Akimasa" last="Hirata">Akimasa Hirata</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan. ahirata@nitech.ac.jp</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Kojima, Masami" sort="Kojima, Masami" uniqKey="Kojima M" first="Masami" last="Kojima">Masami Kojima</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Kawai, Hiroki" sort="Kawai, Hiroki" uniqKey="Kawai H" first="Hiroki" last="Kawai">Hiroki Kawai</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Yamashiro, Yoko" sort="Yamashiro, Yoko" uniqKey="Yamashiro Y" first="Yoko" last="Yamashiro">Yoko Yamashiro</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Soichi" sort="Watanabe, Soichi" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="Soichi" last="Watanabe">Soichi Watanabe</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Sasaki, Hiroshi" sort="Sasaki, Hiroshi" uniqKey="Sasaki H" first="Hiroshi" last="Sasaki">Hiroshi Sasaki</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Fujiwara, Osamu" sort="Fujiwara, Osamu" uniqKey="Fujiwara O" first="Osamu" last="Fujiwara">Osamu Fujiwara</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Acute dosimetry and estimation of threshold-inducing behavioral signs of thermal stress in rabbits at 2.45-GHz microwave exposure.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Hirata, Akimasa" sort="Hirata, Akimasa" uniqKey="Hirata A" first="Akimasa" last="Hirata">Akimasa Hirata</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan. ahirata@nitech.ac.jp</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Kojima, Masami" sort="Kojima, Masami" uniqKey="Kojima M" first="Masami" last="Kojima">Masami Kojima</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Kawai, Hiroki" sort="Kawai, Hiroki" uniqKey="Kawai H" first="Hiroki" last="Kawai">Hiroki Kawai</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Yamashiro, Yoko" sort="Yamashiro, Yoko" uniqKey="Yamashiro Y" first="Yoko" last="Yamashiro">Yoko Yamashiro</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Soichi" sort="Watanabe, Soichi" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="Soichi" last="Watanabe">Soichi Watanabe</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Sasaki, Hiroshi" sort="Sasaki, Hiroshi" uniqKey="Sasaki H" first="Hiroshi" last="Sasaki">Hiroshi Sasaki</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Fujiwara, Osamu" sort="Fujiwara, Osamu" uniqKey="Fujiwara O" first="Osamu" last="Fujiwara">Osamu Fujiwara</name>
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<term>Body Burden</term>
<term>Body Temperature (radiation effects)</term>
<term>Computer Simulation</term>
<term>Differential Threshold (radiation effects)</term>
<term>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</term>
<term>Heat-Shock Response (physiology)</term>
<term>Heat-Shock Response (radiation effects)</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Microwaves</term>
<term>Models, Biological</term>
<term>Rabbits</term>
<term>Radiation Dosage</term>
<term>Whole-Body Counting (methods)</term>
<term>Whole-Body Irradiation (methods)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Whole-Body Counting</term>
<term>Whole-Body Irradiation</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="radiation effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Behavior, Animal</term>
<term>Body Temperature</term>
<term>Differential Threshold</term>
<term>Heat-Shock Response</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Body Burden</term>
<term>Computer Simulation</term>
<term>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Microwaves</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In the current international guidelines and standards for human exposure to microwaves (MWs), the basic restriction is determined by the whole-body average specific absorption rate (SAR). The basis for the guidelines is the adverse effect such as work stoppage in animals for whole-body average SARs above a certain level. Although it is known that absorbed MW energy causes the behavioral sign of thermal stress, the relationship of whole-body average SAR with temperature/temperature elevation has not been sufficiently investigated. In the present study, we performed experiments on rabbits exposed to 2.45-GHz MWs. A total of 24 measurements were conducted for power densities from approximately 100 to 1000 W/m(2). Our computational code for electromagnetic-thermal dosimetry was used to set the exposure time duration and incident power density. Our experimental results suggest that a core temperature elevation of 1 degrees C is an estimate of the threshold-inducing complex behavioral signs of MW-induced thermal stress in rabbits for different whole-body average SARs and exposure time durations. The whole-body average SAR required for MW-induced behavioral sign in rabbits was estimated as approximately 1.3 W/kg for 2.45-GHz MWs.</div>
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<Title>IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>IEEE Trans Biomed Eng</ISOAbbreviation>
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<ArticleTitle>Acute dosimetry and estimation of threshold-inducing behavioral signs of thermal stress in rabbits at 2.45-GHz microwave exposure.</ArticleTitle>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>In the current international guidelines and standards for human exposure to microwaves (MWs), the basic restriction is determined by the whole-body average specific absorption rate (SAR). The basis for the guidelines is the adverse effect such as work stoppage in animals for whole-body average SARs above a certain level. Although it is known that absorbed MW energy causes the behavioral sign of thermal stress, the relationship of whole-body average SAR with temperature/temperature elevation has not been sufficiently investigated. In the present study, we performed experiments on rabbits exposed to 2.45-GHz MWs. A total of 24 measurements were conducted for power densities from approximately 100 to 1000 W/m(2). Our computational code for electromagnetic-thermal dosimetry was used to set the exposure time duration and incident power density. Our experimental results suggest that a core temperature elevation of 1 degrees C is an estimate of the threshold-inducing complex behavioral signs of MW-induced thermal stress in rabbits for different whole-body average SARs and exposure time durations. The whole-body average SAR required for MW-induced behavioral sign in rabbits was estimated as approximately 1.3 W/kg for 2.45-GHz MWs.</AbstractText>
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