Pains and Gains from China's Experiences with Emerging Epidemics: From SARS to H7N9
Identifieur interne : 000E43 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000E42; suivant : 000E44Pains and Gains from China's Experiences with Emerging Epidemics: From SARS to H7N9
Auteurs : Pengfei Wei [République populaire de Chine] ; Zelang Cai [République populaire de Chine] ; Jinwen Hua [République populaire de Chine] ; Weijia Yu [République populaire de Chine] ; Jiajie Chen [République populaire de Chine] ; Kang Kang [République populaire de Chine] ; Congling Qiu [République populaire de Chine] ; Lanlan Ye [République populaire de Chine] ; Jiayun Hu [République populaire de Chine] ; Kunmei Ji [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- BioMed Research International [ 2314-6133 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Over the recent decades, China experienced several emerging virus outbreaks including those caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome- (SARS-) coronavirus (Cov), H5N1 virus, and H7N9 virus. The SARS tragedy revealed faults in China's infectious disease prevention system, propelling the Chinese government to enact reforms that enabled better combating of the subsequent H1N1 and H7N9 avian flu epidemics. The system is buttressed by three fundamental, mutually reinforcing components: (1) enduring government administration reforms, including legislation establishing a unified public health emergency management system; (2) prioritized funding for biotechnology and biomedicine industrialization, especially in the areas of pathogen identification, drug production, and the development of vaccines and diagnostics; and (3) increasing investment for public health and establishment of a rapid-response infectious diseases prevention and control system. China is now using its hard-gained experience to support the fight against Ebola in Africa and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in its own country.
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DOI: 10.1155/2016/5717108
PubMed: 27525272
PubMed Central: 4971293
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Ji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27525272</idno><idno type="pmc">4971293</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971293</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4971293</idno><idno type="doi">10.1155/2016/5717108</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000E43</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000E43</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000E43</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000E43</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Pains and Gains from China's Experiences with Emerging Epidemics: From SARS to H7N9</title><author><name sortKey="Wei, Pengfei" sort="Wei, Pengfei" uniqKey="Wei P" first="Pengfei" last="Wei">Pengfei Wei</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Zelang" sort="Cai, Zelang" uniqKey="Cai Z" first="Zelang" last="Cai">Zelang Cai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hua, Jinwen" sort="Hua, Jinwen" uniqKey="Hua J" first="Jinwen" last="Hua">Jinwen Hua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Weijia" sort="Yu, Weijia" uniqKey="Yu W" first="Weijia" last="Yu">Weijia Yu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Jiajie" sort="Chen, Jiajie" uniqKey="Chen J" first="Jiajie" last="Chen">Jiajie Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Kang" sort="Kang, Kang" uniqKey="Kang K" first="Kang" last="Kang">Kang Kang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Qiu, Congling" sort="Qiu, Congling" uniqKey="Qiu C" first="Congling" last="Qiu">Congling Qiu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Lanlan" sort="Ye, Lanlan" uniqKey="Ye L" first="Lanlan" last="Ye">Lanlan Ye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Jiayun" sort="Hu, Jiayun" uniqKey="Hu J" first="Jiayun" last="Hu">Jiayun Hu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ji, Kunmei" sort="Ji, Kunmei" uniqKey="Ji K" first="Kunmei" last="Ji">Kunmei Ji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BioMed Research International</title><idno type="ISSN">2314-6133</idno><idno type="eISSN">2314-6141</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Over the recent decades, China experienced several emerging virus outbreaks including those caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome- (SARS-) coronavirus (Cov), H5N1 virus, and H7N9 virus. The SARS tragedy revealed faults in China's infectious disease prevention system, propelling the Chinese government to enact reforms that enabled better combating of the subsequent H1N1 and H7N9 avian flu epidemics. The system is buttressed by three fundamental, mutually reinforcing components: (1) enduring government administration reforms, including legislation establishing a unified public health emergency management system; (2) prioritized funding for biotechnology and biomedicine industrialization, especially in the areas of pathogen identification, drug production, and the development of vaccines and diagnostics; and (3) increasing investment for public health and establishment of a rapid-response infectious diseases prevention and control system. China is now using its hard-gained experience to support the fight against Ebola in Africa and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in its own country.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Anderson, R M" uniqKey="Anderson R">R. M. Anderson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fraser, C" uniqKey="Fraser C">C. Fraser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghani, A C" uniqKey="Ghani A">A. C. Ghani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. Guan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, B J" uniqKey="Zheng B">B. J. Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="He, Y Q" uniqKey="He Y">Y. Q. He</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, K S" uniqKey="Li K">K. S. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. 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Zou</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biomed Res Int</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biomed Res Int</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BMRI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>BioMed Research International</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2314-6133</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2314-6141</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27525272</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4971293</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2016/5717108</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Pains and Gains from China's Experiences with Emerging Epidemics: From SARS to H7N9</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1315-6384</contrib-id><name><surname>Wei</surname><given-names>Pengfei</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2450-6973</contrib-id><name><surname>Cai</surname><given-names>Zelang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hua</surname><given-names>Jinwen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yu</surname><given-names>Weijia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Jiajie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kang</surname><given-names>Kang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Qiu</surname><given-names>Congling</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-4932</contrib-id><name><surname>Ye</surname><given-names>Lanlan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-7766</contrib-id><name><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>Jiayun</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-8697</contrib-id><name><surname>Ji</surname><given-names>Kunmei</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="I1">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">*Kunmei Ji: <email>jkm@szu.edu.cn</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p>Academic Editor: Cheng-Feng Qin</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>7</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>2016</volume><elocation-id>5717108</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day><month>2</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>23</day><month>6</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016 Pengfei Wei et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Over the recent decades, China experienced several emerging virus outbreaks including those caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome- (SARS-) coronavirus (Cov), H5N1 virus, and H7N9 virus. The SARS tragedy revealed faults in China's infectious disease prevention system, propelling the Chinese government to enact reforms that enabled better combating of the subsequent H1N1 and H7N9 avian flu epidemics. The system is buttressed by three fundamental, mutually reinforcing components: (1) enduring government administration reforms, including legislation establishing a unified public health emergency management system; (2) prioritized funding for biotechnology and biomedicine industrialization, especially in the areas of pathogen identification, drug production, and the development of vaccines and diagnostics; and (3) increasing investment for public health and establishment of a rapid-response infectious diseases prevention and control system. China is now using its hard-gained experience to support the fight against Ebola in Africa and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in its own country.</p></abstract><funding-group><award-group><funding-source>Natural Science Funding of Guangdong Province</funding-source><award-id>2016A030313039</award-id><award-id>2014A030313563</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>Science and Technology Funding of Shenzhen</funding-source><award-id>JCYJ20150626141652681</award-id><award-id>CXZZ20140418182638770</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>Shenzhen University Funding</funding-source><award-id>2011-6</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>Discipline Construction Funding of Shenzhen</funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Summary of epidemics caused by emerging respiratory viruses in China from 2003 to 2014<sup><italic>∗</italic></sup>.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Characteristic</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SARS-Cov</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">H5N1</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">H1N1</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">H7N9</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Country of origin</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">China</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">China</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mexico</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">China</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1st case in China</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Guangdong,<break></break>November 2002</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hong Kong,<break></break>May 1997</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sichuan,<break></break>May 2009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Shanghai,<break></break>February 2013</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral genome</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Positive-sense, ss RNA</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Negative-sense, ss segmented RNA</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Negative-sense, ss segmented RNA</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Negative-sense, ss segmented RNA</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pathogen identification</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">WHO declared SARS-Cov as the pathogen,<break></break>April 16, 2003</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">National Influenza Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK; CDC, USA,<break></break>August 1997</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CDC, USA,<break></break>April 15, 2009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CDC, China,<break></break>March 29, 2013</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Epidemiology in China</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5,341 cases<break></break>349 deaths<break></break>DR, 6.5%</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">47 cases<break></break>30 deaths<break></break>DR, 63.8%</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">128,966 cases<break></break>891 deaths<break></break>DR, 0.6%</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">349 cases<break></break>136 deaths<break></break>DR, 38.9%</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Human-to-human transmission</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Limited</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Limited</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Genesis/source</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Bats</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Domestic poultry</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Swines</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Domestic poultry</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diagnostics in China</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Real-time PCR</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ELISA/real-time PCR</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ELISA/real-time PCR</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Real-time PCR</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drugs in China</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No specific medication</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oseltamivir, amantadine, and rimantadine; TCM</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oseltamivir and zanamivir; TCM</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oseltamivir and zanamivir; TCM</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="5" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Vaccines in China</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inactivated vaccine<break></break>Phase I clinical trials finished in 2004</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inactivated vaccine approved in 2008 for storage, not for public sale</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inactivated vaccine approved for market in 2009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inactivated vaccine approved for clinical trial in 2014</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn><p><sup><italic>∗</italic></sup>Data from WHO, Chinese Food and Drug Administration, and CMH. </p></fn><fn><p>ss: single-stranded; DR: death rate; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; and ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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