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<record>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Tracing the SARS-coronavirus</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, Paul K S" sort="Chan, Paul K S" uniqKey="Chan P" first="Paul K. S." last="Chan">Paul K. S. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, Martin C W" sort="Chan, Martin C W" uniqKey="Chan M" first="Martin C. W." last="Chan">Martin C. W. Chan</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">23977431</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3747522</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3747522</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3747522</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.06.19</idno>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001666</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001666</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Tracing the SARS-coronavirus</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, Paul K S" sort="Chan, Paul K S" uniqKey="Chan P" first="Paul K. S." last="Chan">Paul K. S. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, Martin C W" sort="Chan, Martin C W" uniqKey="Chan M" first="Martin C. W." last="Chan">Martin C. W. Chan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Journal of Thoracic Disease</title>
<idno type="ISSN">2072-1439</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2077-6624</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Four coronaviruses (HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1) are endemic in humans and mainly associated with mild respiratory illnesses; whereas the other two coronaviruses [Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)] present as emerging infections causing severe respiratory syndrome. Coronaviruses evolve by accumulation of point mutations and recombination of genomes among different strains or species. Mammalian coronaviruses including those infect humans are evolved from bat coronaviruses. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are genetically closely related to bat coronaviruses, intermediate host(s) is (are) likely to be involved in the emergence and cross-species transmission of these novel human viruses. High prevalence of SARS-like coronaviruses have been found from masked palm civet cats and raccoon dogs collected from markets around the time of outbreaks in humans, but these animals are likely to be a transient accidental host rather than a persisting reservoir. More research is needed to elucidate the ecology of coronaviruses. Vigilance and surveillance should be maintained to promptly identify newly emerged coronaviruses.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="review-article">
<pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Thorac Dis</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Thorac Dis</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JTD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of Thoracic Disease</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2072-1439</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2077-6624</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Pioneer Bioscience Publishing Company</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23977431</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3747522</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">jtd-05-S2-S118</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.06.19</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Review Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Tracing the SARS-coronavirus</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<name>
<surname>Chan</surname>
<given-names>Paul K. S.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Chan</surname>
<given-names>Martin C. W.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1">Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">Corresponding to: Prof. Paul K. S. Chan. Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China. Email:
<email xlink:href="paulkschan@cuhk.edu.hk">paulkschan@cuhk.edu.hk</email>
.</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
<month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment>Fake ppub date generated by PMC from publisher pub-date/@pub-type='epub-ppub' </pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<issue>Suppl 2</issue>
<fpage>S118</fpage>
<lpage>S121</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>14</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>17</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>2013 Pioneer Bioscience Publishing Company. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Pioneer Bioscience Publishing Company.</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Four coronaviruses (HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1) are endemic in humans and mainly associated with mild respiratory illnesses; whereas the other two coronaviruses [Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)] present as emerging infections causing severe respiratory syndrome. Coronaviruses evolve by accumulation of point mutations and recombination of genomes among different strains or species. Mammalian coronaviruses including those infect humans are evolved from bat coronaviruses. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are genetically closely related to bat coronaviruses, intermediate host(s) is (are) likely to be involved in the emergence and cross-species transmission of these novel human viruses. High prevalence of SARS-like coronaviruses have been found from masked palm civet cats and raccoon dogs collected from markets around the time of outbreaks in humans, but these animals are likely to be a transient accidental host rather than a persisting reservoir. More research is needed to elucidate the ecology of coronaviruses. Vigilance and surveillance should be maintained to promptly identify newly emerged coronaviruses.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
<title>KEY WORDS </title>
<kwd>Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)</kwd>
<kwd>coronaviruses (CoV)</kwd>
<kwd>evolution</kwd>
<kwd>animal reservoir</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>

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