Coronavirus virulence genes with main focus on SARS-CoV envelope gene
Identifieur interne : 000911 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000910; suivant : 000912Coronavirus virulence genes with main focus on SARS-CoV envelope gene
Auteurs : Marta L. Dediego [Espagne] ; Jose L. Nieto-Torres [Espagne] ; Jose M. Jimenez-Guarde O [Espagne] ; Jose A. Regla-Nava [Espagne] ; Carlos Casta O-Rodriguez [Espagne] ; Raul Fernandez-Delgado [Espagne] ; Fernando Usera [Espagne] ; Luis Enjuanes [Espagne]Source :
- Virus Research [ 0168-1702 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Coronaviruses have evolved proteins to counteract innate immune responses. Several diseases induced by coronaviruses have an immunopathological origin. SARS-CoV E protein is essential to induce an inflammatory response leading to death. E protein amino-terminal, transmembrane and carboxy-terminal domains foster virulence. E protein ion channel activity and PDZ domain binding motif promote edema, ARDS and disease.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.07.024
PubMed: 25093995
PubMed Central: 4261026
Affiliations:
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Dediego</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nieto Torres, Jose L" sort="Nieto Torres, Jose L" uniqKey="Nieto Torres J" first="Jose L." last="Nieto-Torres">Jose L. Nieto-Torres</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jimenez Guarde O, Jose M" sort="Jimenez Guarde O, Jose M" uniqKey="Jimenez Guarde O J" first="Jose M." last="Jimenez-Guarde O">Jose M. Jimenez-Guarde O</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Regla Nava, Jose A" sort="Regla Nava, Jose A" uniqKey="Regla Nava J" first="Jose A." last="Regla-Nava">Jose A. Regla-Nava</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casta O Rodriguez, Carlos" sort="Casta O Rodriguez, Carlos" uniqKey="Casta O Rodriguez C" first="Carlos" last="Casta O-Rodriguez">Carlos Casta O-Rodriguez</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Delgado, Raul" sort="Fernandez Delgado, Raul" uniqKey="Fernandez Delgado R" first="Raul" last="Fernandez-Delgado">Raul Fernandez-Delgado</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Usera, Fernando" sort="Usera, Fernando" uniqKey="Usera F" first="Fernando" last="Usera">Fernando Usera</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Department of Biosafety, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biosafety, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Enjuanes, Luis" sort="Enjuanes, Luis" uniqKey="Enjuanes L" first="Luis" last="Enjuanes">Luis Enjuanes</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Virus Research</title><idno type="ISSN">0168-1702</idno><idno type="eISSN">1872-7492</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Highlights</title><p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label><p id="par0005">Coronaviruses have evolved proteins to counteract innate immune responses.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label><p id="par0010">Several diseases induced by coronaviruses have an immunopathological origin.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label><p id="par0015">SARS-CoV E protein is essential to induce an inflammatory response leading to death.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0020"><label>•</label><p id="par0020">E protein amino-terminal, transmembrane and carboxy-terminal domains foster virulence.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0025"><label>•</label><p id="par0025">E protein ion channel activity and PDZ domain binding motif promote edema, ARDS and disease.</p></list-item></list></p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Akerstrom, S" uniqKey="Akerstrom S">S. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Virus Res</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Virus Res</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Virus Research</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0168-1702</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1872-7492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier B.V.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25093995</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4261026</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0168-1702(14)00302-5</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.virusres.2014.07.024</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Coronavirus virulence genes with main focus on SARS-CoV envelope gene</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0005"><name><surname>DeDiego</surname><given-names>Marta L.</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="fn1" ref-type="fn">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0010"><name><surname>Nieto-Torres</surname><given-names>Jose L.</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0015"><name><surname>Jimenez-Guardeño</surname><given-names>Jose M.</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0020"><name><surname>Regla-Nava</surname><given-names>Jose A.</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0025"><name><surname>Castaño-Rodriguez</surname><given-names>Carlos</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0030"><name><surname>Fernandez-Delgado</surname><given-names>Raul</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0035"><name><surname>Usera</surname><given-names>Fernando</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0040"><name><surname>Enjuanes</surname><given-names>Luis</given-names></name><email>L.Enjuanes@cnb.csic.es</email><email>VirusResearch@cnb.csic.es</email><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff0005"><label>a</label>Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="aff0010"><label>b</label>Department of Biosafety, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor0005"><label>⁎</label>Corresponding author at: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. Tel.: +34 91 585 4555. <email>L.Enjuanes@cnb.csic.es</email><email>VirusResearch@cnb.csic.es</email></corresp><fn id="fn1"><label>1</label><p id="npar0005">Present address: Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, 14642 Rochester, NY, USA.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>2</day><month>8</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>2</day><month>8</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>194</volume><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>137</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Elsevier B.V.</copyright-holder><license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract abstract-type="author-highlights" id="abs0005"><title>Highlights</title><p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label><p id="par0005">Coronaviruses have evolved proteins to counteract innate immune responses.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label><p id="par0010">Several diseases induced by coronaviruses have an immunopathological origin.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label><p id="par0015">SARS-CoV E protein is essential to induce an inflammatory response leading to death.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0020"><label>•</label><p id="par0020">E protein amino-terminal, transmembrane and carboxy-terminal domains foster virulence.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0025"><label>•</label><p id="par0025">E protein ion channel activity and PDZ domain binding motif promote edema, ARDS and disease.</p></list-item></list></p></abstract><abstract id="abs0010"><p>Coronavirus (CoV) infection is usually detected by cellular sensors, which trigger the activation of the innate immune system. Nevertheless, CoVs have evolved viral proteins that target different signaling pathways to counteract innate immune responses. Some CoV proteins act as antagonists of interferon (IFN) by inhibiting IFN production or signaling, aspects that are briefly addressed in this review. After CoV infection, potent cytokines relevant in controlling virus infections and priming adaptive immune responses are also generated. However, an uncontrolled induction of these proinflammatory cytokines can lead to pathogenesis and disease severity as described for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The cellular pathways mediated by interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3 and -7, activating transcription factor (ATF)-2/jun, activator protein (AP)-1, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT), are the main drivers of the inflammatory response triggered after viral infections, with NF-κB pathway the most frequently activated. Key CoV proteins involved in the regulation of these pathways and the proinflammatory immune response are revisited in this manuscript.</p><p>It has been shown that the envelope (E) protein plays a variable role in CoV morphogenesis, depending on the CoV genus, being absolutely essential in some cases (genus α CoVs such as TGEV, and genus β CoVs such as MERS-CoV), but not in others (genus β CoVs such as MHV or SARS-CoV). A comprehensive accumulation of data has shown that the relatively small E protein elicits a strong influence on the interaction of SARS-CoV with the host. In fact, after infection with viruses in which this protein has been deleted, increased cellular stress and unfolded protein responses, apoptosis, and augmented host immune responses were observed. In contrast, the presence of E protein activated a pathogenic inflammatory response that may cause death in animal models and in humans.</p><p>The modification or deletion of different motifs within E protein, including the transmembrane domain that harbors an ion channel activity, small sequences within the middle region of the carboxy-terminus of E protein, and its most carboxy-terminal end, which contains a PDZ domain-binding motif (PBM), is sufficient to attenuate the virus. Interestingly, a comprehensive collection of SARS-CoVs in which these motifs have been modified elicited full and long-term protection even in old mice, making those deletion mutants promising vaccine candidates. These data indicate that despite its small size, E protein drastically influences the replication of CoVs and their pathogenicity. Although E protein is not essential for CoV genome replication or subgenomic mRNA synthesis, it affects virus morphogenesis, budding, assembly, intracellular trafficking, and virulence. In fact, E protein is responsible in a significant proportion of the inflammasome activation and the associated inflammation elicited by SARS-CoV in the lung parenchyma. This exacerbated inflammation causes edema accumulation leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and, frequently, to the death of infected animal models or human patients.</p></abstract><kwd-group id="kwd0005"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Coronavirus</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV</kwd><kwd>MERS-CoV</kwd><kwd>Innate immunity</kwd><kwd>Inflammation</kwd><kwd>Envelope protein</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li></country><region><li>Communauté de Madrid</li></region><settlement><li>Madrid</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><region name="Communauté de Madrid"><name sortKey="Dediego, Marta L" sort="Dediego, Marta L" uniqKey="Dediego M" first="Marta L." last="Dediego">Marta L. Dediego</name></region><name sortKey="Casta O Rodriguez, Carlos" sort="Casta O Rodriguez, Carlos" uniqKey="Casta O Rodriguez C" first="Carlos" last="Casta O-Rodriguez">Carlos Casta O-Rodriguez</name><name sortKey="Enjuanes, Luis" sort="Enjuanes, Luis" uniqKey="Enjuanes L" first="Luis" last="Enjuanes">Luis Enjuanes</name><name sortKey="Fernandez Delgado, Raul" sort="Fernandez Delgado, Raul" uniqKey="Fernandez Delgado R" first="Raul" last="Fernandez-Delgado">Raul Fernandez-Delgado</name><name sortKey="Jimenez Guarde O, Jose M" sort="Jimenez Guarde O, Jose M" uniqKey="Jimenez Guarde O J" first="Jose M." last="Jimenez-Guarde O">Jose M. Jimenez-Guarde O</name><name sortKey="Nieto Torres, Jose L" sort="Nieto Torres, Jose L" uniqKey="Nieto Torres J" first="Jose L." last="Nieto-Torres">Jose L. Nieto-Torres</name><name sortKey="Regla Nava, Jose A" sort="Regla Nava, Jose A" uniqKey="Regla Nava J" first="Jose A." last="Regla-Nava">Jose A. Regla-Nava</name><name sortKey="Usera, Fernando" sort="Usera, Fernando" uniqKey="Usera F" first="Fernando" last="Usera">Fernando Usera</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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