Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses
Identifieur interne : 000711 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000710; suivant : 000712Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses
Auteurs : Shuo Su [République populaire de Chine] ; Gary Wong [République populaire de Chine] ; Weifeng Shi [République populaire de Chine] ; Jun Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Alexander C. K. Lai [États-Unis] ; Jiyong Zhou [République populaire de Chine] ; Wenjun Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Yuhai Bi [République populaire de Chine] ; George F. Gao [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Trends in Microbiology [ 0966-842X ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) were first described in the 1960s for patients with the common cold. Since then, more HCoVs have been discovered, including those that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), two pathogens that, upon infection, can cause fatal respiratory disease in humans. It was recently discovered that dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia harbor three different HCoV species, including a dominant MERS HCoV lineage that was responsible for the outbreaks in the Middle East and South Korea during 2015. In this review we aim to compare and contrast the different HCoVs with regard to epidemiology and pathogenesis, in addition to the virus evolution and recombination events which have, on occasion, resulted in outbreaks amongst humans.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.003
PubMed: 27012512
PubMed Central: 7125511
Affiliations:
- République populaire de Chine, États-Unis
- Guangdong, Kentucky, Zhejiang
- Hangzhou, Pékin, Shenzhen
- Université de Zhejiang
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
PMC:7125511Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses</title>
<author><name sortKey="Su, Shuo" sort="Su, Shuo" uniqKey="Su S" first="Shuo" last="Su">Shuo Su</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wong, Gary" sort="Wong, Gary" uniqKey="Wong G" first="Gary" last="Wong">Gary Wong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shi, Weifeng" sort="Shi, Weifeng" uniqKey="Shi W" first="Weifeng" last="Shi">Weifeng Shi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0025">Institute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical College, Taian, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical College, Taian</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Taian</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Jun" sort="Liu, Jun" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jun" last="Liu">Jun Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lai, Alexander C K" sort="Lai, Alexander C K" uniqKey="Lai A" first="Alexander C. K." last="Lai">Alexander C. K. Lai</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff0035">Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Kentucky, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Kentucky</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Kentucky</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhou, Jiyong" sort="Zhou, Jiyong" uniqKey="Zhou J" first="Jiyong" last="Zhou">Jiyong Zhou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Wenjun" sort="Liu, Wenjun" uniqKey="Liu W" first="Wenjun" last="Liu">Wenjun Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bi, Yuhai" sort="Bi, Yuhai" uniqKey="Bi Y" first="Yuhai" last="Bi">Yuhai Bi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0040">Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hangzhou</settlement>
<region type="province">Zhejiang</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Zhejiang</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0045">University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">27012512</idno>
<idno type="pmc">7125511</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7125511</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:7125511</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.003</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001901</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001901</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001901</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001901</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000711</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000711</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses</title>
<author><name sortKey="Su, Shuo" sort="Su, Shuo" uniqKey="Su S" first="Shuo" last="Su">Shuo Su</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wong, Gary" sort="Wong, Gary" uniqKey="Wong G" first="Gary" last="Wong">Gary Wong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shi, Weifeng" sort="Shi, Weifeng" uniqKey="Shi W" first="Weifeng" last="Shi">Weifeng Shi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0025">Institute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical College, Taian, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical College, Taian</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Taian</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Jun" sort="Liu, Jun" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jun" last="Liu">Jun Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lai, Alexander C K" sort="Lai, Alexander C K" uniqKey="Lai A" first="Alexander C. K." last="Lai">Alexander C. K. Lai</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff0035">Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Kentucky, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Kentucky</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Kentucky</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhou, Jiyong" sort="Zhou, Jiyong" uniqKey="Zhou J" first="Jiyong" last="Zhou">Jiyong Zhou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Wenjun" sort="Liu, Wenjun" uniqKey="Liu W" first="Wenjun" last="Liu">Wenjun Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bi, Yuhai" sort="Bi, Yuhai" uniqKey="Bi Y" first="Yuhai" last="Bi">Yuhai Bi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0040">Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hangzhou</settlement>
<region type="province">Zhejiang</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Zhejiang</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0045">University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Trends in Microbiology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0966-842X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1878-4380</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) were first described in the 1960s for patients with the common cold. Since then, more HCoVs have been discovered, including those that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), two pathogens that, upon infection, can cause fatal respiratory disease in humans. It was recently discovered that dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia harbor three different HCoV species, including a dominant MERS HCoV lineage that was responsible for the outbreaks in the Middle East and South Korea during 2015. In this review we aim to compare and contrast the different HCoVs with regard to epidemiology and pathogenesis, in addition to the virus evolution and recombination events which have, on occasion, resulted in outbreaks amongst humans.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Weiss, S R" uniqKey="Weiss S">S.R. Weiss</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Navas Martin, S" uniqKey="Navas Martin S">S. Navas-Martin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lai, M" uniqKey="Lai M">M. Lai</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lai, M M" uniqKey="Lai M">M.M. Lai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cavanagh, D" uniqKey="Cavanagh D">D. Cavanagh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Langereis, M A" uniqKey="Langereis M">M.A. Langereis</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Durham, P J" uniqKey="Durham P">P.J. Durham</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cavanagh, D" uniqKey="Cavanagh D">D. Cavanagh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Erles, K" uniqKey="Erles K">K. Erles</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Weiner, L P" uniqKey="Weiner L">L.P. Weiner</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pensaert, M" uniqKey="Pensaert M">M. Pensaert</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pensaert, M" uniqKey="Pensaert M">M. Pensaert</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bridger, J C" uniqKey="Bridger J">J.C. Bridger</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pedersen, N" uniqKey="Pedersen N">N. Pedersen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Binn, L N" uniqKey="Binn L">L.N. Binn</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ismail, M M" uniqKey="Ismail M">M.M. Ismail</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wevers, B A" uniqKey="Wevers B">B.A. Wevers</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Der Hoek, L" uniqKey="Van Der Hoek L">L. van der Hoek</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tyrrell, D A" uniqKey="Tyrrell D">D.A. Tyrrell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bynoe, M L" uniqKey="Bynoe M">M.L. Bynoe</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kin, N" uniqKey="Kin N">N. Kin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Monto, A S" uniqKey="Monto A">A.S. Monto</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, J S M" uniqKey="Peiris J">J.S.M. Peiris</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Raj, V S" uniqKey="Raj V">V.S. Raj</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hendley, J O" uniqKey="Hendley J">J.O. Hendley</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chiu, S S" uniqKey="Chiu S">S.S. Chiu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hamre, D" uniqKey="Hamre D">D. Hamre</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Procknow, J J" uniqKey="Procknow J">J.J. Procknow</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcintosh, K" uniqKey="Mcintosh K">K. McIntosh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tyrrell, D A" uniqKey="Tyrrell D">D.A. Tyrrell</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Der Hoek, L" uniqKey="Van Der Hoek L">L. van der Hoek</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fouchier, R A" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R.A. Fouchier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Esper, F" uniqKey="Esper F">F. Esper</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abdul Rasool, S" uniqKey="Abdul Rasool S">S. Abdul-Rasool</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fielding, B C" uniqKey="Fielding B">B.C. Fielding</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lau, S K P" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K.P. Lau</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gaunt, E R" uniqKey="Gaunt E">E.R. Gaunt</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Esper, F" uniqKey="Esper F">F. Esper</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sloots, T P" uniqKey="Sloots T">T.P. Sloots</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vabret, A" uniqKey="Vabret A">A. Vabret</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Goes, L G" uniqKey="Goes L">L.G. Goes</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaki, A M" uniqKey="Zaki A">A.M. Zaki</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A. Zumla</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J.A. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A. Assiri</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arabi, Y M" uniqKey="Arabi Y">Y.M. Arabi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Su, S" uniqKey="Su S">S. Su</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. Guan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Netland, J" uniqKey="Netland J">J. Netland</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tu, C" uniqKey="Tu C">C. Tu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kan, B" uniqKey="Kan B">B. Kan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lau, S K" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K. Lau</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ge, X Y" uniqKey="Ge X">X.Y. Ge</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wu, Z" uniqKey="Wu Z">Z. Wu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reusken, C B" uniqKey="Reusken C">C.B. Reusken</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, J F W" uniqKey="Chan J">J.F.W. Chan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hemida, M G" uniqKey="Hemida M">M.G. Hemida</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Raj, V S" uniqKey="Raj V">V.S. Raj</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chu, D K" uniqKey="Chu D">D.K. Chu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Samara, E M" uniqKey="Samara E">E.M. Samara</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abdoun, K A" uniqKey="Abdoun K">K.A. Abdoun</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, Q" uniqKey="Wang Q">Q. Wang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lu, G" uniqKey="Lu G">G. Lu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sabir, J S" uniqKey="Sabir J">J.S. Sabir</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pyrc, K" uniqKey="Pyrc K">K. Pyrc</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cavanagh, D" uniqKey="Cavanagh D">D. Cavanagh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ren, L" uniqKey="Ren L">L. Ren</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Z" uniqKey="Zhao Z">Z. Zhao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M. Cotten</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lai, M M" uniqKey="Lai M">M.M. Lai</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tian, P F" uniqKey="Tian P">P.F. Tian</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Terada, Y" uniqKey="Terada Y">Y. Terada</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Decaro, N" uniqKey="Decaro N">N. Decaro</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lau, S K P" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K.P. Lau</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y. Zhang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stanhope, M J" uniqKey="Stanhope M">M.J. Stanhope</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhang, X W" uniqKey="Zhang X">X.W. Zhang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, Y" uniqKey="Wang Y">Y. Wang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pene, F" uniqKey="Pene F">F. Pene</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Papa, A" uniqKey="Papa A">A. Papa</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cabeca, T K" uniqKey="Cabeca T">T.K. Cabeca</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dijkman, R" uniqKey="Dijkman R">R. Dijkman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cleri, D J" uniqKey="Cleri D">D.J. Cleri</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gu, J" uniqKey="Gu J">J. Gu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsang, K W" uniqKey="Tsang K">K.W. Tsang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, J S M" uniqKey="Peiris J">J.S.M. Peiris</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moes, E" uniqKey="Moes E">E. Moes</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bastien, N" uniqKey="Bastien N">N. Bastien</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Der Hoek, L" uniqKey="Van Der Hoek L">L. van der Hoek</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chiu, S S" uniqKey="Chiu S">S.S. Chiu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wat, D" uniqKey="Wat D">D. Wat</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chung, J Y" uniqKey="Chung J">J.Y. Chung</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Trends Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Trends Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Trends in Microbiology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0966-842X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1878-4380</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier Ltd.</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27012512</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7125511</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0966-842X(16)00071-8</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.003</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0005"><name><surname>Su</surname>
<given-names>Shuo</given-names>
</name>
<email>shuosu@njau.edu.cn</email>
<xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
<xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0010"><name><surname>Wong</surname>
<given-names>Gary</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
<xref rid="aff0015" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
<xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0015"><name><surname>Shi</surname>
<given-names>Weifeng</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0025" ref-type="aff">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0020"><name><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Jun</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
<xref rid="aff0030" ref-type="aff">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0025"><name><surname>Lai</surname>
<given-names>Alexander C.K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0035" ref-type="aff">7</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0030"><name><surname>Zhou</surname>
<given-names>Jiyong</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0035"><name><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Wenjun</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0015" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
<xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0040"><name><surname>Bi</surname>
<given-names>Yuhai</given-names>
</name>
<email>beeyh@im.ac.cn</email>
<xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
<xref rid="aff0015" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
<xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
<xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0045"><name><surname>Gao</surname>
<given-names>George F.</given-names>
</name>
<email>gaof@im.ac.cn</email>
<xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
<xref rid="aff0015" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
<xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
<xref rid="aff0030" ref-type="aff">6</xref>
<xref rid="aff0040" ref-type="aff">8</xref>
<xref rid="aff0045" ref-type="aff">9</xref>
<xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff0005"><label>1</label>
Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Institute of immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China</aff>
<aff id="aff0010"><label>2</label>
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China</aff>
<aff id="aff0015"><label>3</label>
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</aff>
<aff id="aff0020"><label>4</label>
CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</aff>
<aff id="aff0025"><label>5</label>
Institute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical College, Taian, China</aff>
<aff id="aff0030"><label>6</label>
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China</aff>
<aff id="aff0035"><label>7</label>
Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Kentucky, USA</aff>
<aff id="aff0040"><label>8</label>
Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China</aff>
<aff id="aff0045"><label>9</label>
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor0005"><label>⁎</label>
Correspondence: <email>shuosu@njau.edu.cn</email>
<email>beeyh@im.ac.cn</email>
<email>gaof@im.ac.cn</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>21</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
<fpage>490</fpage>
<lpage>502</lpage>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Elsevier Ltd</copyright-holder>
<license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="abs0005"><p>Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) were first described in the 1960s for patients with the common cold. Since then, more HCoVs have been discovered, including those that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), two pathogens that, upon infection, can cause fatal respiratory disease in humans. It was recently discovered that dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia harbor three different HCoV species, including a dominant MERS HCoV lineage that was responsible for the outbreaks in the Middle East and South Korea during 2015. In this review we aim to compare and contrast the different HCoVs with regard to epidemiology and pathogenesis, in addition to the virus evolution and recombination events which have, on occasion, resulted in outbreaks amongst humans.</p>
</abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="author-highlights" id="abs0010"><title>Trends</title>
<p>Six coronaviruses (CoVs) are known to infect humans: 229E, OC43, SARS-CoV, NL63, HKU1, and MERS-CoV.</p>
<p>Many CoVs are simultaneously maintained in nature, allowing for genetic recombination, resulting in novel viruses.</p>
<p>Recombination of CoV in camels has resulted in a dominant MERS lineage that caused human outbreaks in 2015.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group id="kwd0005"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>coronavirus</kwd>
<kwd>MERS</kwd>
<kwd>SARS</kwd>
<kwd>evolution</kwd>
<kwd>recombination</kwd>
<kwd>pathogenesis</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Guangdong</li>
<li>Kentucky</li>
<li>Zhejiang</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Hangzhou</li>
<li>Pékin</li>
<li>Shenzhen</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université de Zhejiang</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Su, Shuo" sort="Su, Shuo" uniqKey="Su S" first="Shuo" last="Su">Shuo Su</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Bi, Yuhai" sort="Bi, Yuhai" uniqKey="Bi Y" first="Yuhai" last="Bi">Yuhai Bi</name>
<name sortKey="Bi, Yuhai" sort="Bi, Yuhai" uniqKey="Bi Y" first="Yuhai" last="Bi">Yuhai Bi</name>
<name sortKey="Bi, Yuhai" sort="Bi, Yuhai" uniqKey="Bi Y" first="Yuhai" last="Bi">Yuhai Bi</name>
<name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<name sortKey="Gao, George F" sort="Gao, George F" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George F." last="Gao">George F. Gao</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Jun" sort="Liu, Jun" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jun" last="Liu">Jun Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Jun" sort="Liu, Jun" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jun" last="Liu">Jun Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Wenjun" sort="Liu, Wenjun" uniqKey="Liu W" first="Wenjun" last="Liu">Wenjun Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Wenjun" sort="Liu, Wenjun" uniqKey="Liu W" first="Wenjun" last="Liu">Wenjun Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Shi, Weifeng" sort="Shi, Weifeng" uniqKey="Shi W" first="Weifeng" last="Shi">Weifeng Shi</name>
<name sortKey="Wong, Gary" sort="Wong, Gary" uniqKey="Wong G" first="Gary" last="Wong">Gary Wong</name>
<name sortKey="Wong, Gary" sort="Wong, Gary" uniqKey="Wong G" first="Gary" last="Wong">Gary Wong</name>
<name sortKey="Wong, Gary" sort="Wong, Gary" uniqKey="Wong G" first="Gary" last="Wong">Gary Wong</name>
<name sortKey="Zhou, Jiyong" sort="Zhou, Jiyong" uniqKey="Zhou J" first="Jiyong" last="Zhou">Jiyong Zhou</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="Kentucky"><name sortKey="Lai, Alexander C K" sort="Lai, Alexander C K" uniqKey="Lai A" first="Alexander C. K." last="Lai">Alexander C. K. Lai</name>
</region>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000711 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000711 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= SrasV1 |flux= Pmc |étape= Checkpoint |type= RBID |clé= PMC:7125511 |texte= Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:27012512" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. | ![]() |