Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papain-like protease activity
Identifieur interne : 000837 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000836; suivant : 000838Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papain-like protease activity
Auteurs : Brian H. Harcourt [États-Unis] ; Dalia Jukneliene [États-Unis] ; Amornrat Kanjanahaluethai [États-Unis, Thaïlande] ; John Bechill [États-Unis] ; Kari M. Severson [États-Unis] ; Catherine M. Smith [États-Unis] ; Paul A. Rota [États-Unis] ; Susan C. Baker [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of virology [ 0022-538X ] ; 2004.
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Abstract
Gene 1 of the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) encodes replicase polyproteins that are predicted to be processed into 16 nonstructural proteins (nsps 1 to 16) by two viral proteases, a papain-like protease (PLpro) and a 3C-like protease (3CLpro). Here, we identify SARS coronavirus amino-terminal replicase products nspl, nsp2, and nsp3 and describe trans-cleavage assays that characterize the protease activity required to generate these products. We generated polyclonal antisera to glutathione S-transferase-replicase fusion proteins and used the antisera to detect replicase intermediates and products in pulse-chase experiments. We found that nspl (p20) is rapidly processed from the replicase polyprotein. In contrast, processing at the nsp2/3 site is less efficient, since a 300-kDa intermediate (NSP2-3) is detected, but ultimately nsp2 (p71) and nsp3 (p213) are generated. We found that SARS coronavirus replicase products can be detected by 4 h postinfection in the cytoplasm of infected cells and that nsps 1 to 3 colocalize with newly synthesized viral RNA in punctate, perinuclear sites consistent with their predicted role in viral RNA synthesis. To determine if PLpro is responsible for processing these products, we cloned and expressed the PLpro domain and the predicted substrates and established PLpro trans-cleavage assays. We found that the PLpro domain is sufficient for processing the predicted nspl/2 and nsp2/3 sites. Interestingly, expression of an extended region of PLpro that includes the downstream hydrophobic domain was required for processing at the predicted nsp3/4 site. We found that the hydrophobic domain is inserted into membranes and that the lumenal domain is glycosylated at asparagine residues 2249 and 2252. Thus, the hydrophobic domain may anchor the replication complex to intracellular membranes. These studies revealed that PLpro can cleave in trans at the three predicted cleavage sites and that it requires membrane association to process the nsp3/4 cleavage site.
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Harcourt</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</s1><s2>Atlanta, Georgia</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jukneliene, Dalia" sort="Jukneliene, Dalia" uniqKey="Jukneliene D" first="Dalia" last="Jukneliene">Dalia Jukneliene</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago</s1><s2>Maywood, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region><settlement type="city">Chicago</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Chicago</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kanjanahaluethai, Amornrat" sort="Kanjanahaluethai, Amornrat" uniqKey="Kanjanahaluethai A" first="Amornrat" last="Kanjanahaluethai">Amornrat Kanjanahaluethai</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago</s1><s2>Maywood, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region><settlement type="city">Chicago</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Chicago</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University</s1><s2>Chiang Mai</s2><s3>THA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Thaïlande</country><wicri:noRegion>Chiang Mai</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bechill, John" sort="Bechill, John" uniqKey="Bechill J" first="John" last="Bechill">John Bechill</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago</s1><s2>Maywood, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region><settlement type="city">Chicago</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Chicago</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Severson, Kari M" sort="Severson, Kari M" uniqKey="Severson K" first="Kari M." last="Severson">Kari M. Severson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago</s1><s2>Maywood, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region><settlement type="city">Chicago</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Chicago</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Catherine M" sort="Smith, Catherine M" uniqKey="Smith C" first="Catherine M." last="Smith">Catherine M. Smith</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago</s1><s2>Maywood, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region><settlement type="city">Chicago</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Chicago</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rota, Paul A" sort="Rota, Paul A" uniqKey="Rota P" first="Paul A." last="Rota">Paul A. Rota</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</s1><s2>Atlanta, Georgia</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, Susan C" sort="Baker, Susan C" uniqKey="Baker S" first="Susan C." last="Baker">Susan C. Baker</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago</s1><s2>Maywood, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region><settlement type="city">Chicago</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Chicago</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of virology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. virol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-538X</idno><imprint><date when="2004">2004</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Journal of virology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. virol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-538X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acute</term><term>Characterization</term><term>Coronavirus</term><term>Critically ill</term><term>Identification</term><term>Microbiology</term><term>Papain</term><term>RNA-directed RNA polymerase</term><term>Respiratory tract</term><term>Severe</term><term>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</term><term>Virology</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus</term><term>Identification</term><term>Grave</term><term>Malade état grave</term><term>Aigu</term><term>Voie respiratoire</term><term>RNA-directed RNA polymerase</term><term>Caractérisation</term><term>Papain</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term><term>Microbiologie</term><term>Virologie</term><term>Forme grave</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Gene 1 of the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) encodes replicase polyproteins that are predicted to be processed into 16 nonstructural proteins (nsps 1 to 16) by two viral proteases, a papain-like protease (PLpro) and a 3C-like protease (3CLpro). Here, we identify SARS coronavirus amino-terminal replicase products nspl, nsp2, and nsp3 and describe trans-cleavage assays that characterize the protease activity required to generate these products. We generated polyclonal antisera to glutathione S-transferase-replicase fusion proteins and used the antisera to detect replicase intermediates and products in pulse-chase experiments. We found that nspl (p20) is rapidly processed from the replicase polyprotein. In contrast, processing at the nsp2/3 site is less efficient, since a 300-kDa intermediate (NSP2-3) is detected, but ultimately nsp2 (p71) and nsp3 (p213) are generated. We found that SARS coronavirus replicase products can be detected by 4 h postinfection in the cytoplasm of infected cells and that nsps 1 to 3 colocalize with newly synthesized viral RNA in punctate, perinuclear sites consistent with their predicted role in viral RNA synthesis. To determine if PLpro is responsible for processing these products, we cloned and expressed the PLpro domain and the predicted substrates and established PLpro trans-cleavage assays. We found that the PLpro domain is sufficient for processing the predicted nspl/2 and nsp2/3 sites. Interestingly, expression of an extended region of PLpro that includes the downstream hydrophobic domain was required for processing at the predicted nsp3/4 site. We found that the hydrophobic domain is inserted into membranes and that the lumenal domain is glycosylated at asparagine residues 2249 and 2252. Thus, the hydrophobic domain may anchor the replication complex to intracellular membranes. These studies revealed that PLpro can cleave in trans at the three predicted cleavage sites and that it requires membrane association to process the nsp3/4 cleavage site.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0022-538X</s0></fA01><fA03 i2="1"><s0>J. virol.</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>78</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>24</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papain-like protease activity</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>HARCOURT (Brian H.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>JUKNELIENE (Dalia)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>KANJANAHALUETHAI (Amornrat)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>BECHILL (John)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>SEVERSON (Kari M.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>SMITH (Catherine M.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>ROTA (Paul A.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="08" i2="1"><s1>BAKER (Susan C.)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</s1><s2>Atlanta, Georgia</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago</s1><s2>Maywood, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University</s1><s2>Chiang Mai</s2><s3>THA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA20><s1>13600-13612</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2004</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>13592</s2><s5>354000122800130220</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2005 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>35 ref.</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>05-0016080</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Journal of virology</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>Gene 1 of the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) encodes replicase polyproteins that are predicted to be processed into 16 nonstructural proteins (nsps 1 to 16) by two viral proteases, a papain-like protease (PLpro) and a 3C-like protease (3CLpro). Here, we identify SARS coronavirus amino-terminal replicase products nspl, nsp2, and nsp3 and describe trans-cleavage assays that characterize the protease activity required to generate these products. We generated polyclonal antisera to glutathione S-transferase-replicase fusion proteins and used the antisera to detect replicase intermediates and products in pulse-chase experiments. We found that nspl (p20) is rapidly processed from the replicase polyprotein. In contrast, processing at the nsp2/3 site is less efficient, since a 300-kDa intermediate (NSP2-3) is detected, but ultimately nsp2 (p71) and nsp3 (p213) are generated. We found that SARS coronavirus replicase products can be detected by 4 h postinfection in the cytoplasm of infected cells and that nsps 1 to 3 colocalize with newly synthesized viral RNA in punctate, perinuclear sites consistent with their predicted role in viral RNA synthesis. To determine if PLpro is responsible for processing these products, we cloned and expressed the PLpro domain and the predicted substrates and established PLpro trans-cleavage assays. We found that the PLpro domain is sufficient for processing the predicted nspl/2 and nsp2/3 sites. Interestingly, expression of an extended region of PLpro that includes the downstream hydrophobic domain was required for processing at the predicted nsp3/4 site. We found that the hydrophobic domain is inserted into membranes and that the lumenal domain is glycosylated at asparagine residues 2249 and 2252. Thus, the hydrophobic domain may anchor the replication complex to intracellular membranes. These studies revealed that PLpro can cleave in trans at the three predicted cleavage sites and that it requires membrane association to process the nsp3/4 cleavage site.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002A05C10</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Coronavirus</s0><s2>NW</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Coronavirus</s0><s2>NW</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Coronavirus</s0><s2>NW</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Identification</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Identification</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Identificación</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Grave</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Severe</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Grave</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Malade état grave</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Critically ill</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enfermo estado grave</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Aigu</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Acute</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Agudo</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Voie respiratoire</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Respiratory tract</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Vía respiratoria</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>RNA-directed RNA polymerase</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>RNA-directed RNA polymerase</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>RNA-directed RNA polymerase</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Caractérisation</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Characterization</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Caracterización</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Papain</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Papain</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Papain</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Síndrome respiratorio agudo severo</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Microbiologie</s0><s5>68</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Microbiology</s0><s5>68</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Microbiología</s0><s5>68</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Virologie</s0><s5>69</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Virology</s0><s5>69</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Virología</s0><s5>69</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Forme grave</s0><s4>INC</s4><s5>79</s5></fC03><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Coronaviridae</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Coronaviridae</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Coronaviridae</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Nidovirales</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nidovirales</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nidovirales</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Virus</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Virus</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Virus</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Nucleotidyltransferases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nucleotidyltransferases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nucleotidyltransferases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Transferases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Transferases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Transferases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Enzyme</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Enzyme</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enzima</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Cysteine endopeptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cysteine endopeptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Cysteine endopeptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Peptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Peptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Peptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Hydrolases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Hydrolases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hydrolases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Virose</s0><s2>NM</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Viral disease</s0><s2>NM</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Virosis</s0><s2>NM</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Infection</s0><s2>NM</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Infection</s0><s2>NM</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Infección</s0><s2>NM</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Appareil respiratoire pathologie</s0><s5>19</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Respiratory disease</s0><s5>19</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Aparato respiratorio patología</s0><s5>19</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Poumon pathologie</s0><s5>20</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Lung disease</s0><s5>20</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Pulmón patología</s0><s5>20</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Appareil respiratoire</s0><s5>22</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Respiratory system</s0><s5>22</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Aparato respiratorio</s0><s5>22</s5></fC07><fN21><s1>004</s1></fN21><fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1></fN44><fN82><s1>OTO</s1></fN82></pA></standard></inist><affiliations><list><country><li>Thaïlande</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li><li>Illinois</li></region><settlement><li>Chicago</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Chicago</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Géorgie (États-Unis)"><name sortKey="Harcourt, Brian H" sort="Harcourt, Brian H" uniqKey="Harcourt B" first="Brian H." last="Harcourt">Brian H. Harcourt</name></region><name sortKey="Baker, Susan C" sort="Baker, Susan C" uniqKey="Baker S" first="Susan C." last="Baker">Susan C. Baker</name><name sortKey="Bechill, John" sort="Bechill, John" uniqKey="Bechill J" first="John" last="Bechill">John Bechill</name><name sortKey="Jukneliene, Dalia" sort="Jukneliene, Dalia" uniqKey="Jukneliene D" first="Dalia" last="Jukneliene">Dalia Jukneliene</name><name sortKey="Kanjanahaluethai, Amornrat" sort="Kanjanahaluethai, Amornrat" uniqKey="Kanjanahaluethai A" first="Amornrat" last="Kanjanahaluethai">Amornrat Kanjanahaluethai</name><name sortKey="Rota, Paul A" sort="Rota, Paul A" uniqKey="Rota P" first="Paul A." last="Rota">Paul A. Rota</name><name sortKey="Severson, Kari M" sort="Severson, Kari M" uniqKey="Severson K" first="Kari M." last="Severson">Kari M. Severson</name><name sortKey="Smith, Catherine M" sort="Smith, Catherine M" uniqKey="Smith C" first="Catherine M." last="Smith">Catherine M. Smith</name></country><country name="Thaïlande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kanjanahaluethai, Amornrat" sort="Kanjanahaluethai, Amornrat" uniqKey="Kanjanahaluethai A" first="Amornrat" last="Kanjanahaluethai">Amornrat Kanjanahaluethai</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papain-like protease activity
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