Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature
Identifieur interne : 002F25 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002F24; suivant : 002F26Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature
Auteurs : Aaron J. Prussin [États-Unis] ; David Otto Schwake [États-Unis] ; Kaisen Lin [États-Unis] ; Daniel L. Gallagher [États-Unis] ; Lauren Buttling [États-Unis] ; Linsey C. Marr [États-Unis]Source :
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology [ 0099-2240 ] ; 2018.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- physiologie : Bactériophages.
- virologie : Gouttelettes lipidiques.
- Humidité, Inactivation virale, Phénomènes physiologiques viraux, Température.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- physiology : Bacteriophages.
- virology : Lipid Droplets.
- Humidity, Temperature, Virus Inactivation, Virus Physiological Phenomena.
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses, such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year. Studies have found a relationship among temperature, humidity, and influenza virus incidence, transmission, or survival; however, there are contradictory claims about whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) is most important in mediating virus infectivity. Using the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, which has been suggested as a surrogate for influenza viruses and coronaviruses, we designed a study to discern whether AH, RH, or temperature is a better predictor of virus survival in droplets. Our results show that Phi6 survived best at high (>85%) and low (<60%) RHs, with a significant decrease in infectivity at mid-range RHs (∼60 to 85%). At an AH of less than 22 g · m−3, the loss in infectivity was less than 2 orders of magnitude; however, when the AH was greater than 22 g · m−3, the loss in infectivity was typically greater than 6 orders of magnitude. At a fixed RH of 75%, infectivity was very sensitive to temperature, decreasing two orders of magnitude between 19°C and 25°C. We used random forest modeling to identify the best environmental predictors for modulating virus infectivity. The model explained 83% of variation in Phi6 infectivity and suggested that RH is the most important factor in controlling virus infectivity in droplets. This research provides novel information about the complex interplay between temperature, humidity, and the survival of viruses in droplets.
Url:
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00551-18
PubMed: 29625986
PubMed Central: 5981065
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PMC:5981065Le document en format XML
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<term>Temperature</term>
<term>Virus Inactivation</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>Infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses, such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year. Studies have found a relationship among temperature, humidity, and influenza virus incidence, transmission, or survival; however, there are contradictory claims about whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) is most important in mediating virus infectivity. Using the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, which has been suggested as a surrogate for influenza viruses and coronaviruses, we designed a study to discern whether AH, RH, or temperature is a better predictor of virus survival in droplets. Our results show that Phi6 survived best at high (>85%) and low (<60%) RHs, with a significant decrease in infectivity at mid-range RHs (∼60 to 85%). At an AH of less than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>
, the loss in infectivity was less than 2 orders of magnitude; however, when the AH was greater than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>
, the loss in infectivity was typically greater than 6 orders of magnitude. At a fixed RH of 75%, infectivity was very sensitive to temperature, decreasing two orders of magnitude between 19°C and 25°C. We used random forest modeling to identify the best environmental predictors for modulating virus infectivity. The model explained 83% of variation in Phi6 infectivity and suggested that RH is the most important factor in controlling virus infectivity in droplets. This research provides novel information about the complex interplay between temperature, humidity, and the survival of viruses in droplets.</p>
<p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold>
Enveloped viruses are responsible for a number of infectious diseases resulting in thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year in the United States. There has been a lively debate in the literature over whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) modulates virus infectivity. We designed a controlled study and used advanced statistical modeling techniques specifically to address this question. By providing an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions and virus infectivity, our work will ultimately lead to improved strategies for predicting and controlling disease transmission.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>Infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses, such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year. Studies have found a relationship among temperature, humidity, and influenza virus incidence, transmission, or survival; however, there are contradictory claims about whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) is most important in mediating virus infectivity. Using the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, which has been suggested as a surrogate for influenza viruses and coronaviruses, we designed a study to discern whether AH, RH, or temperature is a better predictor of virus survival in droplets. Our results show that Phi6 survived best at high (>85%) and low (<60%) RHs, with a significant decrease in infectivity at mid-range RHs (∼60 to 85%). At an AH of less than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>
, the loss in infectivity was less than 2 orders of magnitude; however, when the AH was greater than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>
, the loss in infectivity was typically greater than 6 orders of magnitude. At a fixed RH of 75%, infectivity was very sensitive to temperature, decreasing two orders of magnitude between 19°C and 25°C. We used random forest modeling to identify the best environmental predictors for modulating virus infectivity. The model explained 83% of variation in Phi6 infectivity and suggested that RH is the most important factor in controlling virus infectivity in droplets. This research provides novel information about the complex interplay between temperature, humidity, and the survival of viruses in droplets.</p>
<p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold>
Enveloped viruses are responsible for a number of infectious diseases resulting in thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year in the United States. There has been a lively debate in the literature over whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) modulates virus infectivity. We designed a controlled study and used advanced statistical modeling techniques specifically to address this question. By providing an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions and virus infectivity, our work will ultimately lead to improved strategies for predicting and controlling disease transmission.</p>
</div>
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<author><name sortKey="Prussin, Aaron J" sort="Prussin, Aaron J" uniqKey="Prussin A" first="Aaron J" last="Prussin">Aaron J. Prussin</name>
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<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schwake, David Otto" sort="Schwake, David Otto" uniqKey="Schwake D" first="David Otto" last="Schwake">David Otto Schwake</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Lin, Kaisen" sort="Lin, Kaisen" uniqKey="Lin K" first="Kaisen" last="Lin">Kaisen Lin</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Gallagher, Daniel L" sort="Gallagher, Daniel L" uniqKey="Gallagher D" first="Daniel L" last="Gallagher">Daniel L. Gallagher</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
</placeName>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buttling, Lauren" sort="Buttling, Lauren" uniqKey="Buttling L" first="Lauren" last="Buttling">Lauren Buttling</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Marr, Linsey C" sort="Marr, Linsey C" uniqKey="Marr L" first="Linsey C" last="Marr">Linsey C. Marr</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Prussin, Aaron J" sort="Prussin, Aaron J" uniqKey="Prussin A" first="Aaron J" last="Prussin">Aaron J. Prussin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA aprussin@vt.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Schwake, David Otto" sort="Schwake, David Otto" uniqKey="Schwake D" first="David Otto" last="Schwake">David Otto Schwake</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
</placeName>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lin, Kaisen" sort="Lin, Kaisen" uniqKey="Lin K" first="Kaisen" last="Lin">Kaisen Lin</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gallagher, Daniel L" sort="Gallagher, Daniel L" uniqKey="Gallagher D" first="Daniel L" last="Gallagher">Daniel L. Gallagher</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Buttling, Lauren" sort="Buttling, Lauren" uniqKey="Buttling L" first="Lauren" last="Buttling">Lauren Buttling</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Marr, Linsey C" sort="Marr, Linsey C" uniqKey="Marr L" first="Linsey C" last="Marr">Linsey C. Marr</name>
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<series><title level="j">Applied and environmental microbiology</title>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacteriophages (physiology)</term>
<term>Humidity</term>
<term>Lipid Droplets (virology)</term>
<term>Temperature</term>
<term>Virus Inactivation</term>
<term>Virus Physiological Phenomena</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bactériophages (physiologie)</term>
<term>Gouttelettes lipidiques (virologie)</term>
<term>Humidité</term>
<term>Inactivation virale</term>
<term>Phénomènes physiologiques viraux</term>
<term>Température</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bactériophages</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacteriophages</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Gouttelettes lipidiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Lipid Droplets</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humidity</term>
<term>Temperature</term>
<term>Virus Inactivation</term>
<term>Virus Physiological Phenomena</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Humidité</term>
<term>Inactivation virale</term>
<term>Phénomènes physiologiques viraux</term>
<term>Température</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses, such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year. Studies have found a relationship among temperature, humidity, and influenza virus incidence, transmission, or survival; however, there are contradictory claims about whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) is most important in mediating virus infectivity. Using the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, which has been suggested as a surrogate for influenza viruses and coronaviruses, we designed a study to discern whether AH, RH, or temperature is a better predictor of virus survival in droplets. Our results show that Phi6 survived best at high (>85%) and low (<60%) RHs, with a significant decrease in infectivity at mid-range RHs (∼60 to 85%). At an AH of less than 22 g · m<sup>-3</sup>
, the loss in infectivity was less than 2 orders of magnitude; however, when the AH was greater than 22 g · m<sup>-3</sup>
, the loss in infectivity was typically greater than 6 orders of magnitude. At a fixed RH of 75%, infectivity was very sensitive to temperature, decreasing two orders of magnitude between 19°C and 25°C. We used random forest modeling to identify the best environmental predictors for modulating virus infectivity. The model explained 83% of variation in Phi6 infectivity and suggested that RH is the most important factor in controlling virus infectivity in droplets. This research provides novel information about the complex interplay between temperature, humidity, and the survival of viruses in droplets.<b>IMPORTANCE</b>
Enveloped viruses are responsible for a number of infectious diseases resulting in thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year in the United States. There has been a lively debate in the literature over whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) modulates virus infectivity. We designed a controlled study and used advanced statistical modeling techniques specifically to address this question. By providing an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions and virus infectivity, our work will ultimately lead to improved strategies for predicting and controlling disease transmission.</div>
</front>
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