Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature
Identifieur interne : 000D99 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000D98; suivant : 000E00Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature
Auteurs : Aaron J. Prussin [États-Unis] ; David Otto Schwake [États-Unis] ; Kaisen Lin [États-Unis] ; Daniel L. Gallagher [États-Unis] ; Lauren Buttling [États-Unis] ; Linsey C. Marr [États-Unis]Source :
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology [ 0099-2240 ] ; 2018.
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses, such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year. Studies have found a relationship among temperature, humidity, and influenza virus incidence, transmission, or survival; however, there are contradictory claims about whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) is most important in mediating virus infectivity. Using the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, which has been suggested as a surrogate for influenza viruses and coronaviruses, we designed a study to discern whether AH, RH, or temperature is a better predictor of virus survival in droplets. Our results show that Phi6 survived best at high (>85%) and low (<60%) RHs, with a significant decrease in infectivity at mid-range RHs (∼60 to 85%). At an AH of less than 22 g · m−3, the loss in infectivity was less than 2 orders of magnitude; however, when the AH was greater than 22 g · m−3, the loss in infectivity was typically greater than 6 orders of magnitude. At a fixed RH of 75%, infectivity was very sensitive to temperature, decreasing two orders of magnitude between 19°C and 25°C. We used random forest modeling to identify the best environmental predictors for modulating virus infectivity. The model explained 83% of variation in Phi6 infectivity and suggested that RH is the most important factor in controlling virus infectivity in droplets. This research provides novel information about the complex interplay between temperature, humidity, and the survival of viruses in droplets.
Url:
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00551-18
PubMed: 29625986
PubMed Central: 5981065
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000D99
Links to Exploration step
PMC:5981065Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature</title><author><name sortKey="Prussin, Aaron J" sort="Prussin, Aaron J" uniqKey="Prussin A" first="Aaron J." last="Prussin">Aaron J. Prussin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwake, David Otto" sort="Schwake, David Otto" uniqKey="Schwake D" first="David Otto" last="Schwake">David Otto Schwake</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Kaisen" sort="Lin, Kaisen" uniqKey="Lin K" first="Kaisen" last="Lin">Kaisen Lin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gallagher, Daniel L" sort="Gallagher, Daniel L" uniqKey="Gallagher D" first="Daniel L." last="Gallagher">Daniel L. Gallagher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buttling, Lauren" sort="Buttling, Lauren" uniqKey="Buttling L" first="Lauren" last="Buttling">Lauren Buttling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marr, Linsey C" sort="Marr, Linsey C" uniqKey="Marr L" first="Linsey C." last="Marr">Linsey C. Marr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">29625986</idno><idno type="pmc">5981065</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5981065</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5981065</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/AEM.00551-18</idno><date when="2018">2018</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D99</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D99</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000D99</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000D99</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature</title><author><name sortKey="Prussin, Aaron J" sort="Prussin, Aaron J" uniqKey="Prussin A" first="Aaron J." last="Prussin">Aaron J. Prussin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwake, David Otto" sort="Schwake, David Otto" uniqKey="Schwake D" first="David Otto" last="Schwake">David Otto Schwake</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Kaisen" sort="Lin, Kaisen" uniqKey="Lin K" first="Kaisen" last="Lin">Kaisen Lin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gallagher, Daniel L" sort="Gallagher, Daniel L" uniqKey="Gallagher D" first="Daniel L." last="Gallagher">Daniel L. Gallagher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buttling, Lauren" sort="Buttling, Lauren" uniqKey="Buttling L" first="Lauren" last="Buttling">Lauren Buttling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marr, Linsey C" sort="Marr, Linsey C" uniqKey="Marr L" first="Linsey C." last="Marr">Linsey C. Marr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">0099-2240</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5336</idno><imprint><date when="2018">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>Infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses, such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year. Studies have found a relationship among temperature, humidity, and influenza virus incidence, transmission, or survival; however, there are contradictory claims about whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) is most important in mediating virus infectivity. Using the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, which has been suggested as a surrogate for influenza viruses and coronaviruses, we designed a study to discern whether AH, RH, or temperature is a better predictor of virus survival in droplets. Our results show that Phi6 survived best at high (>85%) and low (<60%) RHs, with a significant decrease in infectivity at mid-range RHs (∼60 to 85%). At an AH of less than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>, the loss in infectivity was less than 2 orders of magnitude; however, when the AH was greater than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>, the loss in infectivity was typically greater than 6 orders of magnitude. At a fixed RH of 75%, infectivity was very sensitive to temperature, decreasing two orders of magnitude between 19°C and 25°C. We used random forest modeling to identify the best environmental predictors for modulating virus infectivity. The model explained 83% of variation in Phi6 infectivity and suggested that RH is the most important factor in controlling virus infectivity in droplets. This research provides novel information about the complex interplay between temperature, humidity, and the survival of viruses in droplets.</p><p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold> Enveloped viruses are responsible for a number of infectious diseases resulting in thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year in the United States. There has been a lively debate in the literature over whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) modulates virus infectivity. We designed a controlled study and used advanced statistical modeling techniques specifically to address this question. By providing an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions and virus infectivity, our work will ultimately lead to improved strategies for predicting and controlling disease transmission.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reed, C" uniqKey="Reed C">C Reed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chaves, Ss" uniqKey="Chaves S">SS Chaves</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kirley, Pd" uniqKey="Kirley P">PD Kirley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emerson, R" uniqKey="Emerson R">R Emerson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aragon, D" uniqKey="Aragon D">D Aragon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hancock, Eb" uniqKey="Hancock E">EB Hancock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Butler, L" uniqKey="Butler L">L Butler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baumbach, J" uniqKey="Baumbach J">J Baumbach</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hollick, G" uniqKey="Hollick G">G Hollick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bennett, Nm" uniqKey="Bennett N">NM Bennett</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Molinari, N Am" uniqKey="Molinari N">N-AM Molinari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ortega Sanchez, Ir" uniqKey="Ortega Sanchez I">IR Ortega-Sanchez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Messonnier, Ml" uniqKey="Messonnier M">ML Messonnier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Ww" uniqKey="Thompson W">WW Thompson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wortley, Pm" uniqKey="Wortley P">PM Wortley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weintraub, E" uniqKey="Weintraub E">E Weintraub</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bridges, Cb" uniqKey="Bridges C">CB Bridges</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keogh Brown, Mr" uniqKey="Keogh Brown M">MR Keogh-Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Rd" uniqKey="Smith R">RD Smith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lipsitch, M" uniqKey="Lipsitch M">M Lipsitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dushoff, J" uniqKey="Dushoff J">J Dushoff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Plotkin, Jb" uniqKey="Plotkin J">JB Plotkin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Sa" uniqKey="Levin S">SA Levin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Earn, Dj" uniqKey="Earn D">DJ Earn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lofgren, E" uniqKey="Lofgren E">E Lofgren</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fefferman, Nh" uniqKey="Fefferman N">NH Fefferman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Naumov, Yn" uniqKey="Naumov Y">YN Naumov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gorski, J" uniqKey="Gorski J">J Gorski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Naumova, En" uniqKey="Naumova E">EN Naumova</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chong, Kc" uniqKey="Chong K">KC Chong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goggins, W" uniqKey="Goggins W">W Goggins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zee, Bcy" uniqKey="Zee B">BCY Zee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Mh" uniqKey="Wang M">MH Wang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dowell, Sf" uniqKey="Dowell S">SF Dowell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Ms" uniqKey="Ho M">MS Ho</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tamerius, J" uniqKey="Tamerius J">J Tamerius</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Mi" uniqKey="Nelson M">MI Nelson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Sz" uniqKey="Zhou S">SZ Zhou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miller, Ma" uniqKey="Miller M">MA Miller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alonso, Wj" uniqKey="Alonso W">WJ Alonso</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alonso, Wj" uniqKey="Alonso W">WJ Alonso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simonsen, L" uniqKey="Simonsen L">L Simonsen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moura, Fe" uniqKey="Moura F">FE Moura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perdigao, Ac" uniqKey="Perdigao A">AC Perdigão</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siqueira, Mm" uniqKey="Siqueira M">MM Siqueira</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shaman, J" uniqKey="Shaman J">J Shaman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kohn, M" uniqKey="Kohn M">M Kohn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yang, W" uniqKey="Yang W">W Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elankumaran, S" uniqKey="Elankumaran S">S Elankumaran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marr, Lc" uniqKey="Marr L">LC Marr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yang, W" uniqKey="Yang W">W Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marr, Lc" uniqKey="Marr L">LC Marr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shaman, J" uniqKey="Shaman J">J Shaman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pitzer, Ve" uniqKey="Pitzer V">VE Pitzer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grenfell, Bt" uniqKey="Grenfell B">BT Grenfell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lipsitch, M" uniqKey="Lipsitch M">M Lipsitch</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lowen, Ac" uniqKey="Lowen A">AC Lowen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mubareka, S" uniqKey="Mubareka S">S Mubareka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steel, J" uniqKey="Steel J">J Steel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palese, P" uniqKey="Palese P">P Palese</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yang, W" uniqKey="Yang W">W Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marr, Lc" uniqKey="Marr L">LC Marr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Deyle, Er" uniqKey="Deyle E">ER Deyle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maher, Mc" uniqKey="Maher M">MC Maher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hernandez, Rd" uniqKey="Hernandez R">RD Hernandez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Basu, S" uniqKey="Basu S">S Basu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sugihara, G" uniqKey="Sugihara G">G Sugihara</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lester, W" uniqKey="Lester W">W Lester</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Loosli, C" uniqKey="Loosli C">C Loosli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemon, H" uniqKey="Lemon H">H Lemon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, O" uniqKey="Robertson O">O Robertson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Appel, E" uniqKey="Appel E">E Appel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schaffer, F" uniqKey="Schaffer F">F Schaffer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Soergel, M" uniqKey="Soergel M">M Soergel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Straube, D" uniqKey="Straube D">D Straube</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shechmeister, I" uniqKey="Shechmeister I">I Shechmeister</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hemmes, J" uniqKey="Hemmes J">J Hemmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Winkler, K" uniqKey="Winkler K">K Winkler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kool, S" uniqKey="Kool S">S Kool</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harper, Gj" uniqKey="Harper G">GJ Harper</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Casanova, Lm" uniqKey="Casanova L">LM Casanova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jeon, S" uniqKey="Jeon S">S Jeon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rutala, Wa" uniqKey="Rutala W">WA Rutala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Dj" uniqKey="Weber D">DJ Weber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sobsey, Md" uniqKey="Sobsey M">MD Sobsey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, K" uniqKey="Chan K">K Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peiris, J" uniqKey="Peiris J">J Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, S" uniqKey="Lam S">S Lam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, L" uniqKey="Poon L">L Poon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, K" uniqKey="Yuen K">K Yuen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seto, W" uniqKey="Seto W">W Seto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcdevitt, J" uniqKey="Mcdevitt J">J McDevitt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rudnick, S" uniqKey="Rudnick S">S Rudnick</name></author><author><name sortKey="First, M" uniqKey="First M">M First</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spengler, J" uniqKey="Spengler J">J Spengler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Irwin, Ck" uniqKey="Irwin C">CK Irwin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoon, K J" uniqKey="Yoon K">K-J Yoon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, C" uniqKey="Wang C">C Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoff, Sj" uniqKey="Hoff S">SJ Hoff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zimmerman, Jj" uniqKey="Zimmerman J">JJ Zimmerman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Denagamage, T" uniqKey="Denagamage T">T Denagamage</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Connor, Am" uniqKey="O Connor A">AM O'Connor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Klepeis, Ne" uniqKey="Klepeis N">NE Klepeis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Wc" uniqKey="Nelson W">WC Nelson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ott, Wr" uniqKey="Ott W">WR Ott</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robinson, Jp" uniqKey="Robinson J">JP Robinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Am" uniqKey="Tsang A">AM Tsang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Switzer, P" uniqKey="Switzer P">P Switzer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behar, Jv" uniqKey="Behar J">JV Behar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hern, Sc" uniqKey="Hern S">SC Hern</name></author><author><name sortKey="Engelmann, Wh" uniqKey="Engelmann W">WH Engelmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Jl" uniqKey="Nguyen J">JL Nguyen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, J" uniqKey="Schwartz J">J Schwartz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dockery, Dw" uniqKey="Dockery D">DW Dockery</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Turgeon, N" uniqKey="Turgeon N">N Turgeon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Toulouse, M J" uniqKey="Toulouse M">M-J Toulouse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martel, B" uniqKey="Martel B">B Martel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moineau, S" uniqKey="Moineau S">S Moineau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duchaine, C" uniqKey="Duchaine C">C Duchaine</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adcock, Nj" uniqKey="Adcock N">NJ Adcock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rice, Ew" uniqKey="Rice E">EW Rice</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sivaganesan, M" uniqKey="Sivaganesan M">M Sivaganesan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Jd" uniqKey="Brown J">JD Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stallknecht, De" uniqKey="Stallknecht D">DE Stallknecht</name></author><author><name sortKey="Swayne, De" uniqKey="Swayne D">DE Swayne</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Casanova, Lm" uniqKey="Casanova L">LM Casanova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weaver, Sr" uniqKey="Weaver S">SR Weaver</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="James, G" uniqKey="James G">G James</name></author><author><name sortKey="Witten, D" uniqKey="Witten D">D Witten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hastie, T" uniqKey="Hastie T">T Hastie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tibshirani, R" uniqKey="Tibshirani R">R Tibshirani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lindsley, Wg" uniqKey="Lindsley W">WG Lindsley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pearce, Ta" uniqKey="Pearce T">TA Pearce</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hudnall, Jb" uniqKey="Hudnall J">JB Hudnall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Ka" uniqKey="Davis K">KA Davis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Sm" uniqKey="Davis S">SM Davis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fisher, Ma" uniqKey="Fisher M">MA Fisher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khakoo, R" uniqKey="Khakoo R">R Khakoo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palmer, Je" uniqKey="Palmer J">JE Palmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clark, Ke" uniqKey="Clark K">KE Clark</name></author><author><name sortKey="Celik, I" uniqKey="Celik I">I Celik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coffey, Cc" uniqKey="Coffey C">CC Coffey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blachere, Fm" uniqKey="Blachere F">FM Blachere</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beezhold, Dh" uniqKey="Beezhold D">DH Beezhold</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Milton, Dk" uniqKey="Milton D">DK Milton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fabian, Mp" uniqKey="Fabian M">MP Fabian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cowling, Bj" uniqKey="Cowling B">BJ Cowling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grantham, Ml" uniqKey="Grantham M">ML Grantham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdevitt, Jj" uniqKey="Mcdevitt J">JJ McDevitt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Weber, Tp" uniqKey="Weber T">TP Weber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stilianakis, Ni" uniqKey="Stilianakis N">NI Stilianakis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aguilera, J" uniqKey="Aguilera J">J Aguilera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karel, M" uniqKey="Karel M">M Karel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Morgan, Ca" uniqKey="Morgan C">CA Morgan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Herman, N" uniqKey="Herman N">N Herman</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, P" uniqKey="White P">P White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vesey, G" uniqKey="Vesey G">G Vesey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Greiff, D" uniqKey="Greiff D">D Greiff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rightsel, Wa" uniqKey="Rightsel W">WA Rightsel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reynolds, Sj" uniqKey="Reynolds S">SJ Reynolds</name></author><author><name sortKey="Black, Dw" uniqKey="Black D">DW Black</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borin, Ss" uniqKey="Borin S">SS Borin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breuer, G" uniqKey="Breuer G">G Breuer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burmeister, Lf" uniqKey="Burmeister L">LF Burmeister</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fuortes, Lj" uniqKey="Fuortes L">LJ Fuortes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Tf" uniqKey="Smith T">TF Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stein, Ma" uniqKey="Stein M">MA Stein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanian, P" uniqKey="Subramanian P">P Subramanian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thorne, Ps" uniqKey="Thorne P">PS Thorne</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dai, D" uniqKey="Dai D">D Dai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prussin, Aj" uniqKey="Prussin A">AJ Prussin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marr, Lc" uniqKey="Marr L">LC Marr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vikesland, Pj" uniqKey="Vikesland P">PJ Vikesland</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Ma" uniqKey="Edwards M">MA Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pruden, A" uniqKey="Pruden A">A Pruden</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pasanen, A L" uniqKey="Pasanen A">A-L Pasanen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kalliokoski, P" uniqKey="Kalliokoski P">P Kalliokoski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pasanen, P" uniqKey="Pasanen P">P Pasanen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jantunen, M" uniqKey="Jantunen M">M Jantunen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nevalainen, A" uniqKey="Nevalainen A">A Nevalainen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Theunissen, H" uniqKey="Theunissen H">H Theunissen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemmens Den Toom, Na" uniqKey="Lemmens Den Toom N">NA Lemmens-den Toom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burggraaf, A" uniqKey="Burggraaf A">A Burggraaf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stolz, E" uniqKey="Stolz E">E Stolz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Michel, M" uniqKey="Michel M">M Michel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aquino De Carvalho, N" uniqKey="Aquino De Carvalho N">N Aquino de Carvalho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stachler, En" uniqKey="Stachler E">EN Stachler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cimabue, N" uniqKey="Cimabue N">N Cimabue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bibby, K" uniqKey="Bibby K">K Bibby</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brooke, Cb" uniqKey="Brooke C">CB Brooke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fonville, Jm" uniqKey="Fonville J">JM Fonville</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marshall, N" uniqKey="Marshall N">N Marshall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tao, H" uniqKey="Tao H">H Tao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steel, J" uniqKey="Steel J">J Steel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lowen, Ac" uniqKey="Lowen A">AC Lowen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pandis, Sn" uniqKey="Pandis S">SN Pandis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seinfeld, Jh" uniqKey="Seinfeld J">JH Seinfeld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kormuth, Ka" uniqKey="Kormuth K">KA Kormuth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, K" uniqKey="Lin K">K Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prussin, Aj" uniqKey="Prussin A">AJ Prussin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vejerano, Ep" uniqKey="Vejerano E">EP Vejerano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tiwari, Aj" uniqKey="Tiwari A">AJ Tiwari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Ss" uniqKey="Cox S">SS Cox</name></author><author><name sortKey="Myerburg, Mm" uniqKey="Myerburg M">MM Myerburg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lakdawala, Ss" uniqKey="Lakdawala S">SS Lakdawala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marr, Lc" uniqKey="Marr L">LC Marr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Appl Environ Microbiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Appl. Environ. Microbiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">aem</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">aem</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AEM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0099-2240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5336</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name><publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29625986</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5981065</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">00551-18</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/AEM.00551-18</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Public and Environmental Health Microbiology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Effect of RH and AH on Phi6</alt-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short-authors">Prussin et al.</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9991-8537</contrib-id><name><surname>Prussin</surname><given-names>Aaron J.</given-names><suffix>II</suffix></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schwake</surname><given-names>David Otto</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lin</surname><given-names>Kaisen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gallagher</surname><given-names>Daniel L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Buttling</surname><given-names>Lauren</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3628-6891</contrib-id><name><surname>Marr</surname><given-names>Linsey C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA</aff></contrib-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Schaffner</surname><given-names>Donald W.</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><aff>Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey</aff></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to Aaron J. Prussin II, <email>aprussin@vt.edu</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p><bold>Citation</bold> Prussin AJ, II, Schwake DO, Lin K, Gallagher DL, Buttling L, Marr LC. 2018. Survival of the enveloped virus Phi6 in droplets as a function of relative humidity, absolute humidity, and temperature. Appl Environ Microbiol 84:e00551-18. <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00551-18">https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00551-18</ext-link>.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epreprint"><day>6</day><month>4</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>5</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><day>15</day><month>6</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>31</day><month>5</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>84</volume><issue>12</issue><elocation-id>e00551-18</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>6</day><month>3</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>3</day><month>4</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018 Prussin et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Prussin et al.</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license</ext-link>.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="zam012188552001.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>Infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses, such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year. Studies have found a relationship among temperature, humidity, and influenza virus incidence, transmission, or survival; however, there are contradictory claims about whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) is most important in mediating virus infectivity. Using the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, which has been suggested as a surrogate for influenza viruses and coronaviruses, we designed a study to discern whether AH, RH, or temperature is a better predictor of virus survival in droplets. Our results show that Phi6 survived best at high (>85%) and low (<60%) RHs, with a significant decrease in infectivity at mid-range RHs (∼60 to 85%). At an AH of less than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>, the loss in infectivity was less than 2 orders of magnitude; however, when the AH was greater than 22 g · m<sup>−3</sup>, the loss in infectivity was typically greater than 6 orders of magnitude. At a fixed RH of 75%, infectivity was very sensitive to temperature, decreasing two orders of magnitude between 19°C and 25°C. We used random forest modeling to identify the best environmental predictors for modulating virus infectivity. The model explained 83% of variation in Phi6 infectivity and suggested that RH is the most important factor in controlling virus infectivity in droplets. This research provides novel information about the complex interplay between temperature, humidity, and the survival of viruses in droplets.</p><p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold> Enveloped viruses are responsible for a number of infectious diseases resulting in thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of economic losses per year in the United States. There has been a lively debate in the literature over whether absolute humidity (AH) or relative humidity (RH) modulates virus infectivity. We designed a controlled study and used advanced statistical modeling techniques specifically to address this question. By providing an improved understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions and virus infectivity, our work will ultimately lead to improved strategies for predicting and controlling disease transmission.</p></abstract><kwd-group><title>KEYWORDS</title><kwd>influenza</kwd><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>SARS</kwd><kwd>MERS</kwd><kwd>humidity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group id="award1"><funding-source id="gs1"><institution-wrap><institution>HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)</institution><institution-id>https://doi.org/10.13039/100000060</institution-id></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id rid="gs1">1-DP2-A1112243</award-id><principal-award-recipient><name><surname>Marr</surname><given-names>Linsey</given-names></name></principal-award-recipient></award-group></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="5"></fig-count><table-count count="0"></table-count><equation-count count="0"></equation-count><ref-count count="51"></ref-count><page-count count="11"></page-count><word-count count="7089"></word-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name><meta-value>June 2018</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Pmc/Curation
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000D99 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd -nk 000D99 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= SrasV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Curation
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:5981065
|texte= Survival of the Enveloped Virus Phi6 in Droplets as a Function of Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity, and Temperature
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:29625986" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |