Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus
Identifieur interne : 000F12 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000F11; suivant : 000F13Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus
Auteurs : Xin-Wei Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Jin-Song Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Min Jin [République populaire de Chine] ; Bei Zhen [République populaire de Chine] ; Qing-Xin Kong [République populaire de Chine] ; Nong Song [République populaire de Chine] ; Wen-Jun Xiao [République populaire de Chine] ; Jing Yin [République populaire de Chine] ; Wei Wei [République populaire de Chine] ; Gui-Jie Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Bing-Yin Si [République populaire de Chine] ; Bao-Zhong Guo [République populaire de Chine] ; Chao Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Guo-Rong Ou [République populaire de Chine] ; Min-Nian Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Tong-Yu Fang [République populaire de Chine] ; Fu-Huan Chao [République populaire de Chine] ; Jun-Wen Li [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Journal of Virological Methods [ 0166-0934 ] ; 2005.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ARN viral (analyse), Chlore (pharmacologie), Composés du chlore (pharmacologie), Désinfectants (pharmacologie), Eaux d'égout (virologie), Escherichia coli (), Fèces (virologie), Humains, Hypochlorite de sodium (pharmacologie), Inactivation virale, Levivirus (), Microbiologie de l'eau, Oxydes (pharmacologie), RT-PCR, Urine (virologie), Virus du SRAS (), Virus du SRAS (génétique), Virus du SRAS (isolement et purification), Virus du SRAS (physiologie).
- MESH :
- analyse : ARN viral.
- génétique : Virus du SRAS.
- isolement et purification : Virus du SRAS.
- pharmacologie : Chlore, Composés du chlore, Désinfectants, Hypochlorite de sodium, Oxydes.
- physiologie : Virus du SRAS.
- virologie : Eaux d'égout, Fèces, Urine.
- Escherichia coli, Humains, Inactivation virale, Levivirus, Microbiologie de l'eau, RT-PCR, Virus du SRAS.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Chlorine (pharmacology), Chlorine Compounds (pharmacology), Disinfectants (pharmacology), Escherichia coli (drug effects), Feces (virology), Humans, Levivirus (drug effects), Oxides (pharmacology), RNA, Viral (analysis), Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, SARS Virus (drug effects), SARS Virus (genetics), SARS Virus (isolation & purification), SARS Virus (physiology), Sewage (virology), Sodium Hypochlorite (pharmacology), Urine (virology), Virus Inactivation, Water Microbiology.
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : RNA, Viral.
- chemical , pharmacology : Chlorine, Chlorine Compounds, Disinfectants, Oxides, Sodium Hypochlorite.
- drug effects : Escherichia coli, Levivirus, SARS Virus.
- genetics : SARS Virus.
- isolation & purification : SARS Virus.
- physiology : SARS Virus.
- virology : Feces, Sewage, Urine.
- Humans, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Virus Inactivation, Water Microbiology.
Abstract
In this study, the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was observed in feces, urine and water. In addition, the inactivation of SARS-CoV in wastewater with sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide was also studied. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the virus could only persist for 2 days in hospital wastewater, domestic sewage and dechlorinated tap water, while 3 days in feces, 14 days in PBS and 17 days in urine at 20 °C. However, at 4 °C, the SARS-CoV could persist for 14 days in wastewater and at least 17 days in feces or urine. SARS-CoV is more susceptible to disinfectants than
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.005
PubMed: 15847934
PubMed Central: 7112909
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 001231
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 001231
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 001220
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 002774
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 002774
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 002457
Links to Exploration step
PMC:7112909Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xin Wei" sort="Wang, Xin Wei" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xin-Wei" last="Wang">Xin-Wei Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jin Song" sort="Li, Jin Song" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin-Song" last="Li">Jin-Song Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, Min" sort="Jin, Min" uniqKey="Jin M" first="Min" last="Jin">Min Jin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, Bei" sort="Zhen, Bei" uniqKey="Zhen B" first="Bei" last="Zhen">Bei Zhen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Qing Xin" sort="Kong, Qing Xin" uniqKey="Kong Q" first="Qing-Xin" last="Kong">Qing-Xin Kong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, Nong" sort="Song, Nong" uniqKey="Song N" first="Nong" last="Song">Nong Song</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, Wen Jun" sort="Xiao, Wen Jun" uniqKey="Xiao W" first="Wen-Jun" last="Xiao">Wen-Jun Xiao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Jing" sort="Yin, Jing" uniqKey="Yin J" first="Jing" last="Yin">Jing Yin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wei, Wei" sort="Wei, Wei" uniqKey="Wei W" first="Wei" last="Wei">Wei Wei</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Gui Jie" sort="Wang, Gui Jie" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Gui-Jie" last="Wang">Gui-Jie Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Si, Bing Yin" sort="Si, Bing Yin" uniqKey="Si B" first="Bing-Yin" last="Si">Bing-Yin Si</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, Bao Zhong" sort="Guo, Bao Zhong" uniqKey="Guo B" first="Bao-Zhong" last="Guo">Bao-Zhong Guo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Chao" sort="Liu, Chao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chao" last="Liu">Chao Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, Guo Rong" sort="Ou, Guo Rong" uniqKey="Ou G" first="Guo-Rong" last="Ou">Guo-Rong Ou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Min Nian" sort="Wang, Min Nian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min-Nian" last="Wang">Min-Nian Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Tong Yu" sort="Fang, Tong Yu" uniqKey="Fang T" first="Tong-Yu" last="Fang">Tong-Yu Fang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, Fu Huan" sort="Chao, Fu Huan" uniqKey="Chao F" first="Fu-Huan" last="Chao">Fu-Huan Chao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jun Wen" sort="Li, Jun Wen" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jun-Wen" last="Li">Jun-Wen Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">15847934</idno>
<idno type="pmc">7112909</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7112909</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:7112909</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.005</idno>
<date when="2005">2005</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001220</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001220</idno>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:15847934</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002457</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002457</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000F12</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xin Wei" sort="Wang, Xin Wei" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xin-Wei" last="Wang">Xin-Wei Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jin Song" sort="Li, Jin Song" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin-Song" last="Li">Jin-Song Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, Min" sort="Jin, Min" uniqKey="Jin M" first="Min" last="Jin">Min Jin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, Bei" sort="Zhen, Bei" uniqKey="Zhen B" first="Bei" last="Zhen">Bei Zhen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Qing Xin" sort="Kong, Qing Xin" uniqKey="Kong Q" first="Qing-Xin" last="Kong">Qing-Xin Kong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, Nong" sort="Song, Nong" uniqKey="Song N" first="Nong" last="Song">Nong Song</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, Wen Jun" sort="Xiao, Wen Jun" uniqKey="Xiao W" first="Wen-Jun" last="Xiao">Wen-Jun Xiao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Jing" sort="Yin, Jing" uniqKey="Yin J" first="Jing" last="Yin">Jing Yin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wei, Wei" sort="Wei, Wei" uniqKey="Wei W" first="Wei" last="Wei">Wei Wei</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Gui Jie" sort="Wang, Gui Jie" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Gui-Jie" last="Wang">Gui-Jie Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Si, Bing Yin" sort="Si, Bing Yin" uniqKey="Si B" first="Bing-Yin" last="Si">Bing-Yin Si</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, Bao Zhong" sort="Guo, Bao Zhong" uniqKey="Guo B" first="Bao-Zhong" last="Guo">Bao-Zhong Guo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Chao" sort="Liu, Chao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chao" last="Liu">Chao Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, Guo Rong" sort="Ou, Guo Rong" uniqKey="Ou G" first="Guo-Rong" last="Ou">Guo-Rong Ou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Min Nian" sort="Wang, Min Nian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min-Nian" last="Wang">Min-Nian Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Tong Yu" sort="Fang, Tong Yu" uniqKey="Fang T" first="Tong-Yu" last="Fang">Tong-Yu Fang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, Fu Huan" sort="Chao, Fu Huan" uniqKey="Chao F" first="Fu-Huan" last="Chao">Fu-Huan Chao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jun Wen" sort="Li, Jun Wen" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jun-Wen" last="Li">Jun-Wen Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of Virological Methods</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0166-0934</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1879-0984</idno>
<imprint><date when="2005">2005</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlorine (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Chlorine Compounds (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Disinfectants (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Escherichia coli (drug effects)</term>
<term>Feces (virology)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Levivirus (drug effects)</term>
<term>Oxides (pharmacology)</term>
<term>RNA, Viral (analysis)</term>
<term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
<term>SARS Virus (drug effects)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (genetics)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (physiology)</term>
<term>Sewage (virology)</term>
<term>Sodium Hypochlorite (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Urine (virology)</term>
<term>Virus Inactivation</term>
<term>Water Microbiology</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral (analyse)</term>
<term>Chlore (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Composés du chlore (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Désinfectants (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Eaux d'égout (virologie)</term>
<term>Escherichia coli ()</term>
<term>Fèces (virologie)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Hypochlorite de sodium (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Inactivation virale</term>
<term>Levivirus ()</term>
<term>Microbiologie de l'eau</term>
<term>Oxydes (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>RT-PCR</term>
<term>Urine (virologie)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS ()</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (génétique)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (physiologie)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlorine</term>
<term>Chlorine Compounds</term>
<term>Disinfectants</term>
<term>Oxides</term>
<term>Sodium Hypochlorite</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Escherichia coli</term>
<term>Levivirus</term>
<term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chlore</term>
<term>Composés du chlore</term>
<term>Désinfectants</term>
<term>Hypochlorite de sodium</term>
<term>Oxydes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Eaux d'égout</term>
<term>Fèces</term>
<term>Urine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Feces</term>
<term>Sewage</term>
<term>Urine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term>
<term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
<term>Virus Inactivation</term>
<term>Water Microbiology</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Escherichia coli</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Inactivation virale</term>
<term>Levivirus</term>
<term>Microbiologie de l'eau</term>
<term>RT-PCR</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In this study, the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was observed in feces, urine and water. In addition, the inactivation of SARS-CoV in wastewater with sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide was also studied. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the virus could only persist for 2 days in hospital wastewater, domestic sewage and dechlorinated tap water, while 3 days in feces, 14 days in PBS and 17 days in urine at 20 °C. However, at 4 °C, the SARS-CoV could persist for 14 days in wastewater and at least 17 days in feces or urine. SARS-CoV is more susceptible to disinfectants than <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>
and f<sub>2</sub>
phage. Free chlorine was found to inactivate SARS-CoV better than chlorine dioxide. Free residue chlorine over 0.5 mg/L for chlorine or 2.19 mg/L for chlorine dioxide in wastewater ensures complete inactivation of SARS-CoV while it does not inactivate completely <italic>E. coli</italic>
and f<sub>2</sub>
phage.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bao, Z" uniqKey="Bao Z">Z. Bao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, S" uniqKey="Liu S">S. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhuang, D" uniqKey="Zhuang D">D. Zhuang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J" uniqKey="Li J">J. Li</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Duan, S M" uniqKey="Duan S">S.M. Duan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, X S" uniqKey="Zhao X">X.S. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wen, R F" uniqKey="Wen R">R.F. Wen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Huang, J J" uniqKey="Huang J">J.J. Huang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pi, G H" uniqKey="Pi G">G.H. Pi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, S X" uniqKey="Zhang S">S.X. Zhang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Han, J" uniqKey="Han J">J. Han</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bi, S L" uniqKey="Bi S">S.L. Bi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruan, L" uniqKey="Ruan L">L. Ruan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dong, X P" uniqKey="Dong X">X.P. Dong</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Enserink, M" uniqKey="Enserink M">M. Enserink</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Havelaar, A H" uniqKey="Havelaar A">A.H. Havelaar</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="He, Z P" uniqKey="He Z">Z.P. He</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dong, Q M" uniqKey="Dong Q">Q.M. Dong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, S J" uniqKey="Song S">S.J. Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="He, L" uniqKey="He L">L. He</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhuang, H" uniqKey="Zhuang H">H. Zhuang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holden, A C" uniqKey="Holden A">A.C. Holden</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, J" uniqKey="Huang J">J. Huang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, L" uniqKey="Wang L">L. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ren, N" uniqKey="Ren N">N. Ren</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, X L" uniqKey="Liu X">X.L. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sun, R F" uniqKey="Sun R">R.F. Sun</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yang, G" uniqKey="Yang G">G. Yang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, N" uniqKey="Lee N">N. Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hui, D" uniqKey="Hui D">D. Hui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, A" uniqKey="Wu A">A. Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, P" uniqKey="Chan P">P. Chan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cameron, P" uniqKey="Cameron P">P. Cameron</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Joynt, G M" uniqKey="Joynt G">G.M. Joynt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ahuja, A" uniqKey="Ahuja A">A. Ahuja</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ahuja, A" uniqKey="Ahuja A">A. Ahuja</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yung, M Y" uniqKey="Yung M">M.Y. Yung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leung, C B" uniqKey="Leung C">C.B. Leung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="To, K F" uniqKey="To K">K.F. To</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lui, S F" uniqKey="Lui S">S.F. Lui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Szeto, C C" uniqKey="Szeto C">C.C. Szeto</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chung, S" uniqKey="Chung S">S. Chung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sung Jjy" uniqKey="Sung Jjy">Sung JJY</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J" uniqKey="Li J">J. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bao, Z" uniqKey="Bao Z">Z. Bao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhuang, D" uniqKey="Zhuang D">D. Zhuang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, S" uniqKey="Liu S">S. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, W" uniqKey="Zhang W">W. Zhang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yu, Z" uniqKey="Yu Z">Z. Yu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cai, X" uniqKey="Cai X">X. Cai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gao, M" uniqKey="Gao M">M. Gao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhou, Y" uniqKey="Zhou Y">Y. Zhou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F" uniqKey="Chao F">F. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rui, Q Y" uniqKey="Rui Q">Q.Y. Rui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, N" uniqKey="Song N">N. Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xin, Z T" uniqKey="Xin Z">Z.T. Xin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, J L" uniqKey="Zheng J">J.L. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xin, Z T" uniqKey="Xin Z">Z.T. Xin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, J L" uniqKey="Zheng J">J.L. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, W" uniqKey="Liu W">W. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tang, F" uniqKey="Tang F">F. Tang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fontanet, A" uniqKey="Fontanet A">A. Fontanet</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhan, L" uniqKey="Zhan L">L. Zhan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Q M" uniqKey="Zhao Q">Q.M. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, P H" uniqKey="Zhang P">P.H. Zhang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, X M" uniqKey="Wu X">X.M. Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zuo, S Q" uniqKey="Zuo S">S.Q. Zuo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baril, L" uniqKey="Baril L">L. Baril</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vabret, A" uniqKey="Vabret A">A. Vabret</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xin, Z T" uniqKey="Xin Z">Z.T. Xin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shao, Y M" uniqKey="Shao Y">Y.M. Shao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yao, H" uniqKey="Yao H">H. Yao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, W C" uniqKey="Chao W">W.C. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Olivieri, V P" uniqKey="Olivieri V">V.P. Olivieri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hauchman, F S" uniqKey="Hauchman F">F.S. Hauchman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noss, C I" uniqKey="Noss C">C.I. Noss</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vasl, R" uniqKey="Vasl R">R. Vasl</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rabenau, H F" uniqKey="Rabenau H">H.F. Rabenau</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cinatl, J" uniqKey="Cinatl J">J. Cinatl</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morgenstern, B" uniqKey="Morgenstern B">B. Morgenstern</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bauer, G" uniqKey="Bauer G">G. Bauer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Preiser, W" uniqKey="Preiser W">W. Preiser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Doerr, H W" uniqKey="Doerr H">H.W. Doerr</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rook, J J" uniqKey="Rook J">J.J. Rook</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rota, P A" uniqKey="Rota P">P.A. Rota</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oberste, M S" uniqKey="Oberste M">M.S. Oberste</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monroe, S S" uniqKey="Monroe S">S.S. Monroe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nix, W A" uniqKey="Nix W">W.A. Nix</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Campagnoli, R" uniqKey="Campagnoli R">R. Campagnoli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Icenogle, J P" uniqKey="Icenogle J">J.P. Icenogle</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Penaranda, S" uniqKey="Penaranda S">S. Penaranda</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bankamp, B" uniqKey="Bankamp B">B. Bankamp</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maher, K" uniqKey="Maher K">K. Maher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, M H" uniqKey="Chen M">M.H. Chen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tong, S" uniqKey="Tong S">S. Tong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tamin, A" uniqKey="Tamin A">A. Tamin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lowe, L" uniqKey="Lowe L">L. Lowe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frace, M" uniqKey="Frace M">M. Frace</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Derisi, J L" uniqKey="Derisi J">J.L. DeRisi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Q" uniqKey="Chen Q">Q. Chen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D">D. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Erdman, D D" uniqKey="Erdman D">D.D. Erdman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peret, T C" uniqKey="Peret T">T.C. Peret</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burns, C" uniqKey="Burns C">C. Burns</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ksiazek, T G" uniqKey="Ksiazek T">T.G. Ksiazek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rollin, P E" uniqKey="Rollin P">P.E. Rollin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sanchez, A" uniqKey="Sanchez A">A. Sanchez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liffick, S" uniqKey="Liffick S">S. Liffick</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holloway, B" uniqKey="Holloway B">B. Holloway</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Limor, J" uniqKey="Limor J">J. Limor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccaustland, K" uniqKey="Mccaustland K">K. McCaustland</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olsen Rasmussen, M" uniqKey="Olsen Rasmussen M">M. Olsen-Rasmussen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fouchier, R" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R. Fouchier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gunther, S" uniqKey="Gunther S">S. Gunther</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, A D" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A.D. Osterhaus</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pallansch, M A" uniqKey="Pallansch M">M.A. Pallansch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anderson, L J" uniqKey="Anderson L">L.J. Anderson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bellini, W J" uniqKey="Bellini W">W.J. Bellini</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sebastiani, A L" uniqKey="Sebastiani A">A.L. Sebastiani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pagnotta, R" uniqKey="Pagnotta R">R. Pagnotta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Caravaglio, N P" uniqKey="Caravaglio N">N.P. Caravaglio</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shah, P C" uniqKey="Shah P">P.C. Shah</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccamish, J" uniqKey="Mccamish J">J. McCamish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Study Group Of Sars" uniqKey="Study Group Of Sars">Study group of SARS</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Taylor, G R" uniqKey="Taylor G">G.R. Taylor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butler, M" uniqKey="Butler M">M. Butler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Taylor, G R" uniqKey="Taylor G">G.R. Taylor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butler, M" uniqKey="Butler M">M. Butler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tree, J A" uniqKey="Tree J">J.A. Tree</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adams, M R" uniqKey="Adams M">M.R. Adams</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lees, D N" uniqKey="Lees D">D.N. Lees</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsai, C T" uniqKey="Tsai C">C.T. Tsai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lin, S T" uniqKey="Lin S">S.T. Lin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tyrrell, S A" uniqKey="Tyrrell S">S.A. Tyrrell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rippey, S R" uniqKey="Rippey S">S.R. Rippey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Watkins, W D" uniqKey="Watkins W">W.D. Watkins</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J S" uniqKey="Li J">J.S. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, T K" uniqKey="Guo T">T.K. Guo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, B" uniqKey="Zhen B">B. Zhen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Q X" uniqKey="Kong Q">Q.X. Kong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yi, B" uniqKey="Yi B">B. Yi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Z" uniqKey="Li Z">Z. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, N" uniqKey="Song N">N. Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, M" uniqKey="Jin M">M. Jin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, W J" uniqKey="Xiao W">W.J. Xiao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhu, X M" uniqKey="Zhu X">X.M. Zhu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gu, C Q" uniqKey="Gu C">C.Q. Gu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, J" uniqKey="Yin J">J. Yin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weiw" uniqKey="Weiw">WeiW</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yao, W" uniqKey="Yao W">W. Yao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, C" uniqKey="Liu C">C. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J F" uniqKey="Li J">J.F. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, G R" uniqKey="Ou G">G.R. Ou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, M N" uniqKey="Wang M">M.N. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, T Y" uniqKey="Fang T">T.Y. Fang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, G J" uniqKey="Wang G">G.J. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qiu, Y H" uniqKey="Qiu Y">Y.H. Qiu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, H H" uniqKey="Wu H">H.H. Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wommack, K E" uniqKey="Wommack K">K.E. Wommack</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hill, R T" uniqKey="Hill R">R.T. Hill</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Colwell, R R" uniqKey="Colwell R">R.R. Colwell</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<double pmid="15847934"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xin Wei" sort="Wang, Xin Wei" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xin-Wei" last="Wang">Xin-Wei Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jin Song" sort="Li, Jin Song" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin-Song" last="Li">Jin-Song Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, Min" sort="Jin, Min" uniqKey="Jin M" first="Min" last="Jin">Min Jin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, Bei" sort="Zhen, Bei" uniqKey="Zhen B" first="Bei" last="Zhen">Bei Zhen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Qing Xin" sort="Kong, Qing Xin" uniqKey="Kong Q" first="Qing-Xin" last="Kong">Qing-Xin Kong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, Nong" sort="Song, Nong" uniqKey="Song N" first="Nong" last="Song">Nong Song</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, Wen Jun" sort="Xiao, Wen Jun" uniqKey="Xiao W" first="Wen-Jun" last="Xiao">Wen-Jun Xiao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Jing" sort="Yin, Jing" uniqKey="Yin J" first="Jing" last="Yin">Jing Yin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wei, Wei" sort="Wei, Wei" uniqKey="Wei W" first="Wei" last="Wei">Wei Wei</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Gui Jie" sort="Wang, Gui Jie" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Gui-Jie" last="Wang">Gui-Jie Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Si, Bing Yin" sort="Si, Bing Yin" uniqKey="Si B" first="Bing-Yin" last="Si">Bing-Yin Si</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, Bao Zhong" sort="Guo, Bao Zhong" uniqKey="Guo B" first="Bao-Zhong" last="Guo">Bao-Zhong Guo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Chao" sort="Liu, Chao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chao" last="Liu">Chao Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, Guo Rong" sort="Ou, Guo Rong" uniqKey="Ou G" first="Guo-Rong" last="Ou">Guo-Rong Ou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Min Nian" sort="Wang, Min Nian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min-Nian" last="Wang">Min-Nian Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Tong Yu" sort="Fang, Tong Yu" uniqKey="Fang T" first="Tong-Yu" last="Fang">Tong-Yu Fang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, Fu Huan" sort="Chao, Fu Huan" uniqKey="Chao F" first="Fu-Huan" last="Chao">Fu-Huan Chao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jun Wen" sort="Li, Jun Wen" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jun-Wen" last="Li">Jun-Wen Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">15847934</idno>
<idno type="pmc">7112909</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7112909</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:7112909</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.005</idno>
<date when="2005">2005</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001231</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001220</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001220</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xin Wei" sort="Wang, Xin Wei" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xin-Wei" last="Wang">Xin-Wei Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jin Song" sort="Li, Jin Song" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin-Song" last="Li">Jin-Song Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, Min" sort="Jin, Min" uniqKey="Jin M" first="Min" last="Jin">Min Jin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, Bei" sort="Zhen, Bei" uniqKey="Zhen B" first="Bei" last="Zhen">Bei Zhen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Qing Xin" sort="Kong, Qing Xin" uniqKey="Kong Q" first="Qing-Xin" last="Kong">Qing-Xin Kong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, Nong" sort="Song, Nong" uniqKey="Song N" first="Nong" last="Song">Nong Song</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, Wen Jun" sort="Xiao, Wen Jun" uniqKey="Xiao W" first="Wen-Jun" last="Xiao">Wen-Jun Xiao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Jing" sort="Yin, Jing" uniqKey="Yin J" first="Jing" last="Yin">Jing Yin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wei, Wei" sort="Wei, Wei" uniqKey="Wei W" first="Wei" last="Wei">Wei Wei</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Gui Jie" sort="Wang, Gui Jie" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Gui-Jie" last="Wang">Gui-Jie Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Si, Bing Yin" sort="Si, Bing Yin" uniqKey="Si B" first="Bing-Yin" last="Si">Bing-Yin Si</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, Bao Zhong" sort="Guo, Bao Zhong" uniqKey="Guo B" first="Bao-Zhong" last="Guo">Bao-Zhong Guo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Chao" sort="Liu, Chao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chao" last="Liu">Chao Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, Guo Rong" sort="Ou, Guo Rong" uniqKey="Ou G" first="Guo-Rong" last="Ou">Guo-Rong Ou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Min Nian" sort="Wang, Min Nian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min-Nian" last="Wang">Min-Nian Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100072</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Tong Yu" sort="Fang, Tong Yu" uniqKey="Fang T" first="Tong-Yu" last="Fang">Tong-Yu Fang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, Fu Huan" sort="Chao, Fu Huan" uniqKey="Chao F" first="Fu-Huan" last="Chao">Fu-Huan Chao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jun Wen" sort="Li, Jun Wen" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jun-Wen" last="Li">Jun-Wen Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of Virological Methods</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0166-0934</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1879-0984</idno>
<imprint><date when="2005">2005</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In this study, the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was observed in feces, urine and water. In addition, the inactivation of SARS-CoV in wastewater with sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide was also studied. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the virus could only persist for 2 days in hospital wastewater, domestic sewage and dechlorinated tap water, while 3 days in feces, 14 days in PBS and 17 days in urine at 20 °C. However, at 4 °C, the SARS-CoV could persist for 14 days in wastewater and at least 17 days in feces or urine. SARS-CoV is more susceptible to disinfectants than <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>
and f<sub>2</sub>
phage. Free chlorine was found to inactivate SARS-CoV better than chlorine dioxide. Free residue chlorine over 0.5 mg/L for chlorine or 2.19 mg/L for chlorine dioxide in wastewater ensures complete inactivation of SARS-CoV while it does not inactivate completely <italic>E. coli</italic>
and f<sub>2</sub>
phage.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bao, Z" uniqKey="Bao Z">Z. Bao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, S" uniqKey="Liu S">S. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhuang, D" uniqKey="Zhuang D">D. Zhuang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J" uniqKey="Li J">J. Li</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Duan, S M" uniqKey="Duan S">S.M. Duan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, X S" uniqKey="Zhao X">X.S. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wen, R F" uniqKey="Wen R">R.F. Wen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Huang, J J" uniqKey="Huang J">J.J. Huang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pi, G H" uniqKey="Pi G">G.H. Pi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, S X" uniqKey="Zhang S">S.X. Zhang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Han, J" uniqKey="Han J">J. Han</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bi, S L" uniqKey="Bi S">S.L. Bi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruan, L" uniqKey="Ruan L">L. Ruan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dong, X P" uniqKey="Dong X">X.P. Dong</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Enserink, M" uniqKey="Enserink M">M. Enserink</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Havelaar, A H" uniqKey="Havelaar A">A.H. Havelaar</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="He, Z P" uniqKey="He Z">Z.P. He</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dong, Q M" uniqKey="Dong Q">Q.M. Dong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, S J" uniqKey="Song S">S.J. Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="He, L" uniqKey="He L">L. He</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhuang, H" uniqKey="Zhuang H">H. Zhuang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holden, A C" uniqKey="Holden A">A.C. Holden</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, J" uniqKey="Huang J">J. Huang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, L" uniqKey="Wang L">L. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ren, N" uniqKey="Ren N">N. Ren</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, X L" uniqKey="Liu X">X.L. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sun, R F" uniqKey="Sun R">R.F. Sun</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yang, G" uniqKey="Yang G">G. Yang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, N" uniqKey="Lee N">N. Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hui, D" uniqKey="Hui D">D. Hui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, A" uniqKey="Wu A">A. Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, P" uniqKey="Chan P">P. Chan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cameron, P" uniqKey="Cameron P">P. Cameron</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Joynt, G M" uniqKey="Joynt G">G.M. Joynt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ahuja, A" uniqKey="Ahuja A">A. Ahuja</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ahuja, A" uniqKey="Ahuja A">A. Ahuja</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yung, M Y" uniqKey="Yung M">M.Y. Yung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leung, C B" uniqKey="Leung C">C.B. Leung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="To, K F" uniqKey="To K">K.F. To</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lui, S F" uniqKey="Lui S">S.F. Lui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Szeto, C C" uniqKey="Szeto C">C.C. Szeto</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chung, S" uniqKey="Chung S">S. Chung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sung Jjy" uniqKey="Sung Jjy">Sung JJY</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J" uniqKey="Li J">J. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bao, Z" uniqKey="Bao Z">Z. Bao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhuang, D" uniqKey="Zhuang D">D. Zhuang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, S" uniqKey="Liu S">S. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, W" uniqKey="Zhang W">W. Zhang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yu, Z" uniqKey="Yu Z">Z. Yu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cai, X" uniqKey="Cai X">X. Cai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gao, M" uniqKey="Gao M">M. Gao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhou, Y" uniqKey="Zhou Y">Y. Zhou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F" uniqKey="Chao F">F. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rui, Q Y" uniqKey="Rui Q">Q.Y. Rui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, N" uniqKey="Song N">N. Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xin, Z T" uniqKey="Xin Z">Z.T. Xin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, J L" uniqKey="Zheng J">J.L. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xin, Z T" uniqKey="Xin Z">Z.T. Xin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, J L" uniqKey="Zheng J">J.L. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, W" uniqKey="Liu W">W. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tang, F" uniqKey="Tang F">F. Tang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fontanet, A" uniqKey="Fontanet A">A. Fontanet</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhan, L" uniqKey="Zhan L">L. Zhan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Q M" uniqKey="Zhao Q">Q.M. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, P H" uniqKey="Zhang P">P.H. Zhang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, X M" uniqKey="Wu X">X.M. Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zuo, S Q" uniqKey="Zuo S">S.Q. Zuo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baril, L" uniqKey="Baril L">L. Baril</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vabret, A" uniqKey="Vabret A">A. Vabret</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xin, Z T" uniqKey="Xin Z">Z.T. Xin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shao, Y M" uniqKey="Shao Y">Y.M. Shao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yao, H" uniqKey="Yao H">H. Yao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, W C" uniqKey="Chao W">W.C. Chao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Olivieri, V P" uniqKey="Olivieri V">V.P. Olivieri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hauchman, F S" uniqKey="Hauchman F">F.S. Hauchman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noss, C I" uniqKey="Noss C">C.I. Noss</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vasl, R" uniqKey="Vasl R">R. Vasl</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rabenau, H F" uniqKey="Rabenau H">H.F. Rabenau</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cinatl, J" uniqKey="Cinatl J">J. Cinatl</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morgenstern, B" uniqKey="Morgenstern B">B. Morgenstern</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bauer, G" uniqKey="Bauer G">G. Bauer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Preiser, W" uniqKey="Preiser W">W. Preiser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Doerr, H W" uniqKey="Doerr H">H.W. Doerr</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rook, J J" uniqKey="Rook J">J.J. Rook</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rota, P A" uniqKey="Rota P">P.A. Rota</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oberste, M S" uniqKey="Oberste M">M.S. Oberste</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monroe, S S" uniqKey="Monroe S">S.S. Monroe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nix, W A" uniqKey="Nix W">W.A. Nix</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Campagnoli, R" uniqKey="Campagnoli R">R. Campagnoli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Icenogle, J P" uniqKey="Icenogle J">J.P. Icenogle</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Penaranda, S" uniqKey="Penaranda S">S. Penaranda</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bankamp, B" uniqKey="Bankamp B">B. Bankamp</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maher, K" uniqKey="Maher K">K. Maher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, M H" uniqKey="Chen M">M.H. Chen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tong, S" uniqKey="Tong S">S. Tong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tamin, A" uniqKey="Tamin A">A. Tamin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lowe, L" uniqKey="Lowe L">L. Lowe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frace, M" uniqKey="Frace M">M. Frace</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Derisi, J L" uniqKey="Derisi J">J.L. DeRisi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Q" uniqKey="Chen Q">Q. Chen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D">D. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Erdman, D D" uniqKey="Erdman D">D.D. Erdman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peret, T C" uniqKey="Peret T">T.C. Peret</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burns, C" uniqKey="Burns C">C. Burns</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ksiazek, T G" uniqKey="Ksiazek T">T.G. Ksiazek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rollin, P E" uniqKey="Rollin P">P.E. Rollin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sanchez, A" uniqKey="Sanchez A">A. Sanchez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liffick, S" uniqKey="Liffick S">S. Liffick</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holloway, B" uniqKey="Holloway B">B. Holloway</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Limor, J" uniqKey="Limor J">J. Limor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccaustland, K" uniqKey="Mccaustland K">K. McCaustland</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olsen Rasmussen, M" uniqKey="Olsen Rasmussen M">M. Olsen-Rasmussen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fouchier, R" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R. Fouchier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gunther, S" uniqKey="Gunther S">S. Gunther</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, A D" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A.D. Osterhaus</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pallansch, M A" uniqKey="Pallansch M">M.A. Pallansch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anderson, L J" uniqKey="Anderson L">L.J. Anderson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bellini, W J" uniqKey="Bellini W">W.J. Bellini</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sebastiani, A L" uniqKey="Sebastiani A">A.L. Sebastiani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pagnotta, R" uniqKey="Pagnotta R">R. Pagnotta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Caravaglio, N P" uniqKey="Caravaglio N">N.P. Caravaglio</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shah, P C" uniqKey="Shah P">P.C. Shah</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccamish, J" uniqKey="Mccamish J">J. McCamish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Study Group Of Sars" uniqKey="Study Group Of Sars">Study group of SARS</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Taylor, G R" uniqKey="Taylor G">G.R. Taylor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butler, M" uniqKey="Butler M">M. Butler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Taylor, G R" uniqKey="Taylor G">G.R. Taylor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butler, M" uniqKey="Butler M">M. Butler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tree, J A" uniqKey="Tree J">J.A. Tree</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adams, M R" uniqKey="Adams M">M.R. Adams</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lees, D N" uniqKey="Lees D">D.N. Lees</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsai, C T" uniqKey="Tsai C">C.T. Tsai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lin, S T" uniqKey="Lin S">S.T. Lin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tyrrell, S A" uniqKey="Tyrrell S">S.A. Tyrrell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rippey, S R" uniqKey="Rippey S">S.R. Rippey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Watkins, W D" uniqKey="Watkins W">W.D. Watkins</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, X W" uniqKey="Wang X">X.W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J S" uniqKey="Li J">J.S. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, T K" uniqKey="Guo T">T.K. Guo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, B" uniqKey="Zhen B">B. Zhen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Q X" uniqKey="Kong Q">Q.X. Kong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yi, B" uniqKey="Yi B">B. Yi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Z" uniqKey="Li Z">Z. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, N" uniqKey="Song N">N. Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, M" uniqKey="Jin M">M. Jin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, W J" uniqKey="Xiao W">W.J. Xiao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhu, X M" uniqKey="Zhu X">X.M. Zhu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gu, C Q" uniqKey="Gu C">C.Q. Gu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, J" uniqKey="Yin J">J. Yin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weiw" uniqKey="Weiw">WeiW</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yao, W" uniqKey="Yao W">W. Yao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, C" uniqKey="Liu C">C. Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J F" uniqKey="Li J">J.F. Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, G R" uniqKey="Ou G">G.R. Ou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, M N" uniqKey="Wang M">M.N. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, T Y" uniqKey="Fang T">T.Y. Fang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, G J" uniqKey="Wang G">G.J. Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qiu, Y H" uniqKey="Qiu Y">Y.H. Qiu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, H H" uniqKey="Wu H">H.H. Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, F H" uniqKey="Chao F">F.H. Chao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, J W" uniqKey="Li J">J.W. Li</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wommack, K E" uniqKey="Wommack K">K.E. Wommack</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hill, R T" uniqKey="Hill R">R.T. Hill</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Colwell, R R" uniqKey="Colwell R">R.R. Colwell</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
</pmc>
<pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xin Wei" sort="Wang, Xin Wei" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xin-Wei" last="Wang">Xin-Wei Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jin Song" sort="Li, Jin Song" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin-Song" last="Li">Jin-Song Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, Min" sort="Jin, Min" uniqKey="Jin M" first="Min" last="Jin">Min Jin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, Bei" sort="Zhen, Bei" uniqKey="Zhen B" first="Bei" last="Zhen">Bei Zhen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Qing Xin" sort="Kong, Qing Xin" uniqKey="Kong Q" first="Qing-Xin" last="Kong">Qing-Xin Kong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, Nong" sort="Song, Nong" uniqKey="Song N" first="Nong" last="Song">Nong Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, Wen Jun" sort="Xiao, Wen Jun" uniqKey="Xiao W" first="Wen-Jun" last="Xiao">Wen-Jun Xiao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Jing" sort="Yin, Jing" uniqKey="Yin J" first="Jing" last="Yin">Jing Yin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wei, Wei" sort="Wei, Wei" uniqKey="Wei W" first="Wei" last="Wei">Wei Wei</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Gui Jie" sort="Wang, Gui Jie" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Gui-Jie" last="Wang">Gui-Jie Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Si, Bing Yin" sort="Si, Bing Yin" uniqKey="Si B" first="Bing-Yin" last="Si">Bing-Yin Si</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, Bao Zhong" sort="Guo, Bao Zhong" uniqKey="Guo B" first="Bao-Zhong" last="Guo">Bao-Zhong Guo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Chao" sort="Liu, Chao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chao" last="Liu">Chao Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, Guo Rong" sort="Ou, Guo Rong" uniqKey="Ou G" first="Guo-Rong" last="Ou">Guo-Rong Ou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Min Nian" sort="Wang, Min Nian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min-Nian" last="Wang">Min-Nian Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Tong Yu" sort="Fang, Tong Yu" uniqKey="Fang T" first="Tong-Yu" last="Fang">Tong-Yu Fang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, Fu Huan" sort="Chao, Fu Huan" uniqKey="Chao F" first="Fu-Huan" last="Chao">Fu-Huan Chao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jun Wen" sort="Li, Jun Wen" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jun-Wen" last="Li">Jun-Wen Li</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2005">2005</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:15847934</idno>
<idno type="pmid">15847934</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.005</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002774</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002457</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002457</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xin Wei" sort="Wang, Xin Wei" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xin-Wei" last="Wang">Xin-Wei Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tianjin Institute of Environment and Health, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Tianjin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jin Song" sort="Li, Jin Song" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin-Song" last="Li">Jin-Song Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jin, Min" sort="Jin, Min" uniqKey="Jin M" first="Min" last="Jin">Min Jin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhen, Bei" sort="Zhen, Bei" uniqKey="Zhen B" first="Bei" last="Zhen">Bei Zhen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Qing Xin" sort="Kong, Qing Xin" uniqKey="Kong Q" first="Qing-Xin" last="Kong">Qing-Xin Kong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, Nong" sort="Song, Nong" uniqKey="Song N" first="Nong" last="Song">Nong Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Xiao, Wen Jun" sort="Xiao, Wen Jun" uniqKey="Xiao W" first="Wen-Jun" last="Xiao">Wen-Jun Xiao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Jing" sort="Yin, Jing" uniqKey="Yin J" first="Jing" last="Yin">Jing Yin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wei, Wei" sort="Wei, Wei" uniqKey="Wei W" first="Wei" last="Wei">Wei Wei</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Gui Jie" sort="Wang, Gui Jie" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Gui-Jie" last="Wang">Gui-Jie Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Si, Bing Yin" sort="Si, Bing Yin" uniqKey="Si B" first="Bing-Yin" last="Si">Bing-Yin Si</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, Bao Zhong" sort="Guo, Bao Zhong" uniqKey="Guo B" first="Bao-Zhong" last="Guo">Bao-Zhong Guo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Chao" sort="Liu, Chao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chao" last="Liu">Chao Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ou, Guo Rong" sort="Ou, Guo Rong" uniqKey="Ou G" first="Guo-Rong" last="Ou">Guo-Rong Ou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Min Nian" sort="Wang, Min Nian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min-Nian" last="Wang">Min-Nian Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Tong Yu" sort="Fang, Tong Yu" uniqKey="Fang T" first="Tong-Yu" last="Fang">Tong-Yu Fang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chao, Fu Huan" sort="Chao, Fu Huan" uniqKey="Chao F" first="Fu-Huan" last="Chao">Fu-Huan Chao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jun Wen" sort="Li, Jun Wen" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jun-Wen" last="Li">Jun-Wen Li</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of virological methods</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0166-0934</idno>
<imprint><date when="2005" type="published">2005</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlorine (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Chlorine Compounds (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Disinfectants (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Escherichia coli (drug effects)</term>
<term>Feces (virology)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Levivirus (drug effects)</term>
<term>Oxides (pharmacology)</term>
<term>RNA, Viral (analysis)</term>
<term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
<term>SARS Virus (drug effects)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (genetics)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (physiology)</term>
<term>Sewage (virology)</term>
<term>Sodium Hypochlorite (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Urine (virology)</term>
<term>Virus Inactivation</term>
<term>Water Microbiology</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral (analyse)</term>
<term>Chlore (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Composés du chlore (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Désinfectants (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Eaux d'égout (virologie)</term>
<term>Escherichia coli ()</term>
<term>Fèces (virologie)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Hypochlorite de sodium (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Inactivation virale</term>
<term>Levivirus ()</term>
<term>Microbiologie de l'eau</term>
<term>Oxydes (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>RT-PCR</term>
<term>Urine (virologie)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS ()</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (génétique)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (physiologie)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlorine</term>
<term>Chlorine Compounds</term>
<term>Disinfectants</term>
<term>Oxides</term>
<term>Sodium Hypochlorite</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Escherichia coli</term>
<term>Levivirus</term>
<term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chlore</term>
<term>Composés du chlore</term>
<term>Désinfectants</term>
<term>Hypochlorite de sodium</term>
<term>Oxydes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Eaux d'égout</term>
<term>Fèces</term>
<term>Urine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Feces</term>
<term>Sewage</term>
<term>Urine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term>
<term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
<term>Virus Inactivation</term>
<term>Water Microbiology</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Escherichia coli</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Inactivation virale</term>
<term>Levivirus</term>
<term>Microbiologie de l'eau</term>
<term>RT-PCR</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In this study, the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was observed in feces, urine and water. In addition, the inactivation of SARS-CoV in wastewater with sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide was also studied. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the virus could only persist for 2 days in hospital wastewater, domestic sewage and dechlorinated tap water, while 3 days in feces, 14 days in PBS and 17 days in urine at 20 degrees C. However, at 4 degrees C, the SARS-CoV could persist for 14 days in wastewater and at least 17 days in feces or urine. SARS-CoV is more susceptible to disinfectants than Escherichia coli and f2 phage. Free chlorine was found to inactivate SARS-CoV better than chlorine dioxide. Free residue chlorine over 0.5 mg/L for chlorine or 2.19 mg/L for chlorine dioxide in wastewater ensures complete inactivation of SARS-CoV while it does not inactivate completely E. coli and f2 phage.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</pubmed>
</double>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000F12 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 000F12 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= SrasV1 |flux= Ncbi |étape= Merge |type= RBID |clé= PMC:7112909 |texte= Study on the resistance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:15847934" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1
This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |