Identification of an Antigenic Determinant on the S2 Domain of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Capable of Inducing Neutralizing Antibodies
Identifieur interne : 000870 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000869; suivant : 000871Identification of an Antigenic Determinant on the S2 Domain of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Capable of Inducing Neutralizing Antibodies
Auteurs : Hong Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Guangwen Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Jian Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Yuchun Nie [République populaire de Chine] ; Xuanling Shi [République populaire de Chine] ; Gewei Lian [République populaire de Chine] ; Wei Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Xiaolei Yin [République populaire de Chine] ; Yang Zhao [République populaire de Chine] ; Xiuxia Qu [République populaire de Chine] ; Mingxiao Ding [République populaire de Chine] ; Hongkui Deng [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Journal of Virology [ 0022-538X ] ; 2004.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Anticorps antiviraux (sang), Données de séquences moléculaires, Femelle, Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus, Glycoprotéines membranaires (), Glycoprotéines membranaires (immunologie), Humains, Immunisation, Lapins, Protéines de l'enveloppe virale (), Protéines de l'enveloppe virale (immunologie), Souris, Souris de lignée BALB C, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (), Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (immunologie), Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (virologie), Séquence d'acides aminés, Tests de neutralisation, Vaccins antiviraux (administration et posologie), Vaccins antiviraux (immunologie), Virus du SRAS (immunologie), Épitopes.
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Vaccins antiviraux.
- immunologie : Glycoprotéines membranaires, Protéines de l'enveloppe virale, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère, Vaccins antiviraux, Virus du SRAS.
- sang : Anticorps antiviraux.
- virologie : Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère.
- Animaux, Données de séquences moléculaires, Femelle, Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus, Glycoprotéines membranaires, Humains, Immunisation, Lapins, Protéines de l'enveloppe virale, Souris, Souris de lignée BALB C, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère, Séquence d'acides aminés, Tests de neutralisation, Épitopes.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Antibodies, Viral (blood), Epitopes, Female, Humans, Immunization, Membrane Glycoproteins (chemistry), Membrane Glycoproteins (immunology), Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Molecular Sequence Data, Neutralization Tests, Rabbits, SARS Virus (immunology), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (immunology), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (prevention & control), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (virology), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Viral Envelope Proteins (chemistry), Viral Envelope Proteins (immunology), Viral Vaccines (administration & dosage), Viral Vaccines (immunology).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Viral Vaccines.
- chemical , blood : Antibodies, Viral.
- chemical , chemistry : Membrane Glycoproteins, Viral Envelope Proteins.
- chemical , immunology : Membrane Glycoproteins, Viral Envelope Proteins, Viral Vaccines.
- immunology : SARS Virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- prevention & control : Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- virology : Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Epitopes, Female, Humans, Immunization, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Molecular Sequence Data, Neutralization Tests, Rabbits, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a life-threatening disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV. The spike (S) glycoprotein of CoV is the major structural protein responsible for induction of host immune response and virus neutralization by antibodies. Hence, knowledge of neutralization determinants on the S protein is helpful for designing protective vaccines. To analyze the antigenic structure of the SARS-CoV S2 domain, the carboxyl-terminal half of the S protein, we first used sera from convalescent SARS patients to test the antigenicity of 12 overlapping fragments spanning the entire S2 and identified two antigenic determinants (Leu 803 to Ala 828 and Pro 1061 to Ser 1093). To determine whether neutralizing antibodies can be elicited by these two determinants, we immunized animals and found that both of them could induce the S2-specific antisera. In some animals, however, only one determinant (Leu 803 to Ala 828) was able to induce the antisera with the binding ability to the native S protein and the neutralizing activity to the SARS-CoV pseudovirus. This determinant is highly conserved across different SARS-CoV isolates. Identification of a conserved antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the SARS-CoV S protein, which has the potential for inducing neutralizing antibodies, has implications in the development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV.
Url:
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.13.6938-6945.2004
PubMed: 15194770
PubMed Central: 421668
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PMC:421668Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Deng, Hongkui" sort="Deng, Hongkui" uniqKey="Deng H" first="Hongkui" last="Deng">Hongkui Deng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
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</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of Virology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0022-538X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1098-5514</idno>
<imprint><date when="2004">2004</date>
</imprint>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term>
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term>
<term>Epitopes</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immunization</term>
<term>Membrane Glycoproteins (chemistry)</term>
<term>Membrane Glycoproteins (immunology)</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred BALB C</term>
<term>Molecular Sequence Data</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests</term>
<term>Rabbits</term>
<term>SARS Virus (immunology)</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (immunology)</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (virology)</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins (chemistry)</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins (immunology)</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines (immunology)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term>
<term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus</term>
<term>Glycoprotéines membranaires ()</term>
<term>Glycoprotéines membranaires (immunologie)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Immunisation</term>
<term>Lapins</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale ()</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale (immunologie)</term>
<term>Souris</term>
<term>Souris de lignée BALB C</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère ()</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (immunologie)</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (virologie)</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term>
<term>Tests de neutralisation</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (immunologie)</term>
<term>Épitopes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Membrane Glycoproteins</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Membrane Glycoproteins</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Glycoprotéines membranaires</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term>
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Epitopes</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immunization</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred BALB C</term>
<term>Molecular Sequence Data</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests</term>
<term>Rabbits</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus</term>
<term>Glycoprotéines membranaires</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Immunisation</term>
<term>Lapins</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale</term>
<term>Souris</term>
<term>Souris de lignée BALB C</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term>
<term>Tests de neutralisation</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a life-threatening disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV. The spike (S) glycoprotein of CoV is the major structural protein responsible for induction of host immune response and virus neutralization by antibodies. Hence, knowledge of neutralization determinants on the S protein is helpful for designing protective vaccines. To analyze the antigenic structure of the SARS-CoV S2 domain, the carboxyl-terminal half of the S protein, we first used sera from convalescent SARS patients to test the antigenicity of 12 overlapping fragments spanning the entire S2 and identified two antigenic determinants (Leu 803 to Ala 828 and Pro 1061 to Ser 1093). To determine whether neutralizing antibodies can be elicited by these two determinants, we immunized animals and found that both of them could induce the S2-specific antisera. In some animals, however, only one determinant (Leu 803 to Ala 828) was able to induce the antisera with the binding ability to the native S protein and the neutralizing activity to the SARS-CoV pseudovirus. This determinant is highly conserved across different SARS-CoV isolates. Identification of a conserved antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the SARS-CoV S protein, which has the potential for inducing neutralizing antibodies, has implications in the development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<double pmid="15194770"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Identification of an Antigenic Determinant on the S2 Domain of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Capable of Inducing Neutralizing Antibodies</title>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Hong" sort="Zhang, Hong" uniqKey="Zhang H" first="Hong" last="Zhang">Hong Zhang</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
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</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Guangwen" sort="Wang, Guangwen" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Guangwen" last="Wang">Guangwen Wang</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Li, Jian" sort="Li, Jian" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jian" last="Li">Jian Li</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Nie, Yuchun" sort="Nie, Yuchun" uniqKey="Nie Y" first="Yuchun" last="Nie">Yuchun Nie</name>
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</placeName>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shi, Xuanling" sort="Shi, Xuanling" uniqKey="Shi X" first="Xuanling" last="Shi">Xuanling Shi</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lian, Gewei" sort="Lian, Gewei" uniqKey="Lian G" first="Gewei" last="Lian">Gewei Lian</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Wei" sort="Wang, Wei" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Wei" last="Wang">Wei Wang</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
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<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Xiaolei" sort="Yin, Xiaolei" uniqKey="Yin X" first="Xiaolei" last="Yin">Xiaolei Yin</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
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<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yang" sort="Zhao, Yang" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yang" last="Zhao">Yang Zhao</name>
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<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qu, Xiuxia" sort="Qu, Xiuxia" uniqKey="Qu X" first="Xiuxia" last="Qu">Xiuxia Qu</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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<author><name sortKey="Ding, Mingxiao" sort="Ding, Mingxiao" uniqKey="Ding M" first="Mingxiao" last="Ding">Mingxiao Ding</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deng, Hongkui" sort="Deng, Hongkui" uniqKey="Deng H" first="Hongkui" last="Deng">Hongkui Deng</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Identification of an Antigenic Determinant on the S2 Domain of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Capable of Inducing Neutralizing Antibodies</title>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Hong" sort="Zhang, Hong" uniqKey="Zhang H" first="Hong" last="Zhang">Hong Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
<region type="capitale">Pékin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Guangwen" sort="Wang, Guangwen" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Guangwen" last="Wang">Guangwen Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
<region type="capitale">Pékin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jian" sort="Li, Jian" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jian" last="Li">Jian Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nie, Yuchun" sort="Nie, Yuchun" uniqKey="Nie Y" first="Yuchun" last="Nie">Yuchun Nie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shi, Xuanling" sort="Shi, Xuanling" uniqKey="Shi X" first="Xuanling" last="Shi">Xuanling Shi</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
<region type="capitale">Pékin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lian, Gewei" sort="Lian, Gewei" uniqKey="Lian G" first="Gewei" last="Lian">Gewei Lian</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
<region type="capitale">Pékin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Wei" sort="Wang, Wei" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Wei" last="Wang">Wei Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
<region type="capitale">Pékin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yin, Xiaolei" sort="Yin, Xiaolei" uniqKey="Yin X" first="Xiaolei" last="Yin">Xiaolei Yin</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
<region type="capitale">Pékin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yang" sort="Zhao, Yang" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yang" last="Zhao">Yang Zhao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0">Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China</nlm:aff>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a life-threatening disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV. The spike (S) glycoprotein of CoV is the major structural protein responsible for induction of host immune response and virus neutralization by antibodies. Hence, knowledge of neutralization determinants on the S protein is helpful for designing protective vaccines. To analyze the antigenic structure of the SARS-CoV S2 domain, the carboxyl-terminal half of the S protein, we first used sera from convalescent SARS patients to test the antigenicity of 12 overlapping fragments spanning the entire S2 and identified two antigenic determinants (Leu 803 to Ala 828 and Pro 1061 to Ser 1093). To determine whether neutralizing antibodies can be elicited by these two determinants, we immunized animals and found that both of them could induce the S2-specific antisera. In some animals, however, only one determinant (Leu 803 to Ala 828) was able to induce the antisera with the binding ability to the native S protein and the neutralizing activity to the SARS-CoV pseudovirus. This determinant is highly conserved across different SARS-CoV isolates. Identification of a conserved antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the SARS-CoV S protein, which has the potential for inducing neutralizing antibodies, has implications in the development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV.</p>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yang" sort="Zhao, Yang" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yang" last="Zhao">Yang Zhao</name>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a life-threatening disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV. The spike (S) glycoprotein of CoV is the major structural protein responsible for induction of host immune response and virus neutralization by antibodies. Hence, knowledge of neutralization determinants on the S protein is helpful for designing protective vaccines. To analyze the antigenic structure of the SARS-CoV S2 domain, the carboxyl-terminal half of the S protein, we first used sera from convalescent SARS patients to test the antigenicity of 12 overlapping fragments spanning the entire S2 and identified two antigenic determinants (Leu 803 to Ala 828 and Pro 1061 to Ser 1093). To determine whether neutralizing antibodies can be elicited by these two determinants, we immunized animals and found that both of them could induce the S2-specific antisera. In some animals, however, only one determinant (Leu 803 to Ala 828) was able to induce the antisera with the binding ability to the native S protein and the neutralizing activity to the SARS-CoV pseudovirus. This determinant is highly conserved across different SARS-CoV isolates. Identification of a conserved antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the SARS-CoV S protein, which has the potential for inducing neutralizing antibodies, has implications in the development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV.</div>
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