SidaSubSaharaV1, PubMed, Corpus, bibRecord, 000916

Population levels and geographical distribution of HIV RNA in rural Ugandan and Kenyan communities, including serodiscordant couples: a cross-sectional analysis.

Identifieur interne : 000916 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000915; suivant : 000917

Population levels and geographical distribution of HIV RNA in rural Ugandan and Kenyan communities, including serodiscordant couples: a cross-sectional analysis.

Auteurs : Vivek Jain ; Maya L. Petersen ; Teri Liegler ; Dathan M. Byonanebye ; Dalsone Kwarisiima ; Gabriel Chamie ; Norton Sang ; Doug Black ; Tamara D. Clark ; Andras Ladai ; Albert Plenty ; Jane Kabami ; Emmanuel Ssemmondo ; Elizabeth A. Bukusi ; Craig R. Cohen ; Edwin D. Charlebois ; Moses R. Kamya ; Diane V. Havlir

Source :

The lancet. HIV [ 2352-3018 ] ; 2017.

RBID : pubmed:27989576

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adult, Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use), Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, HIV Infections (epidemiology), HIV Infections (immunology), HIV Infections (transmission), HIV Infections (virology), HIV-1 (genetics), HIV-1 (immunology), HIV-1 (isolation & purification), Humans, Kenya (epidemiology), RNA, Viral (blood), Rural Health, Sexual Partners, Uganda (epidemiology), Viral Load.
MESH :
- chemical , blood : RNA, Viral.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Anti-HIV Agents.
- epidemiology : HIV Infections, Kenya, Uganda.
- genetics : HIV-1.
- immunology : HIV Infections, HIV-1.
- isolation & purification : HIV-1.
- transmission : HIV Infections.
- virology : HIV Infections.
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Rural Health, Sexual Partners, Viral Load.

Abstract

As sub-Saharan Africa transitions to a new era of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART), up-to-date assessments of population-level HIV RNA suppression are needed to inform interventions to optimise ART delivery. We sought to measure population viral load metrics to assess viral suppression and characterise demographic groups and geographical locations with high-level detectable viraemia in east Africa.

DOI: 10.1016/S2352-3018(16)30220-X
PubMed: 27989576

Links to Exploration step

pubmed:27989576

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Jain, Vivek" sort="Jain, Vivek" uniqKey="Jain V" first="Vivek" last="Jain">Vivek Jain</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: vivek.jain@ucsf.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petersen, Maya L" sort="Petersen, Maya L" uniqKey="Petersen M" first="Maya L" last="Petersen">Maya L. Petersen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Berkeley School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Liegler, Teri" sort="Liegler, Teri" uniqKey="Liegler T" first="Teri" last="Liegler">Teri Liegler</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Byonanebye, Dathan M" sort="Byonanebye, Dathan M" uniqKey="Byonanebye D" first="Dathan M" last="Byonanebye">Dathan M. Byonanebye</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kwarisiima, Dalsone" sort="Kwarisiima, Dalsone" uniqKey="Kwarisiima D" first="Dalsone" last="Kwarisiima">Dalsone Kwarisiima</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chamie, Gabriel" sort="Chamie, Gabriel" uniqKey="Chamie G" first="Gabriel" last="Chamie">Gabriel Chamie</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Sang, Norton" sort="Sang, Norton" uniqKey="Sang N" first="Norton" last="Sang">Norton Sang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Clark, Tamara D" sort="Clark, Tamara D" uniqKey="Clark T" first="Tamara D" last="Clark">Tamara D. Clark</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ladai, Andras" sort="Ladai, Andras" uniqKey="Ladai A" first="Andras" last="Ladai">Andras Ladai</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Plenty, Albert" sort="Plenty, Albert" uniqKey="Plenty A" first="Albert" last="Plenty">Albert Plenty</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kabami, Jane" sort="Kabami, Jane" uniqKey="Kabami J" first="Jane" last="Kabami">Jane Kabami</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ssemmondo, Emmanuel" sort="Ssemmondo, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Ssemmondo E" first="Emmanuel" last="Ssemmondo">Emmanuel Ssemmondo</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bukusi, Elizabeth A" sort="Bukusi, Elizabeth A" uniqKey="Bukusi E" first="Elizabeth A" last="Bukusi">Elizabeth A. Bukusi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cohen, Craig R" sort="Cohen, Craig R" uniqKey="Cohen C" first="Craig R" last="Cohen">Craig R. Cohen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Charlebois, Edwin D" sort="Charlebois, Edwin D" uniqKey="Charlebois E" first="Edwin D" last="Charlebois">Edwin D. Charlebois</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kamya, Moses R" sort="Kamya, Moses R" uniqKey="Kamya M" first="Moses R" last="Kamya">Moses R. Kamya</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Havlir, Diane V" sort="Havlir, Diane V" uniqKey="Havlir D" first="Diane V" last="Havlir">Diane V. Havlir</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Population levels and geographical distribution of HIV RNA in rural Ugandan and Kenyan communities, including serodiscordant couples: a cross-sectional analysis.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Jain, Vivek" sort="Jain, Vivek" uniqKey="Jain V" first="Vivek" last="Jain">Vivek Jain</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: vivek.jain@ucsf.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Petersen, Maya L" sort="Petersen, Maya L" uniqKey="Petersen M" first="Maya L" last="Petersen">Maya L. Petersen</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liegler, Teri" sort="Liegler, Teri" uniqKey="Liegler T" first="Teri" last="Liegler">Teri Liegler</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Byonanebye, Dathan M" sort="Byonanebye, Dathan M" uniqKey="Byonanebye D" first="Dathan M" last="Byonanebye">Dathan M. Byonanebye</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kwarisiima, Dalsone" sort="Kwarisiima, Dalsone" uniqKey="Kwarisiima D" first="Dalsone" last="Kwarisiima">Dalsone Kwarisiima</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chamie, Gabriel" sort="Chamie, Gabriel" uniqKey="Chamie G" first="Gabriel" last="Chamie">Gabriel Chamie</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Sang, Norton" sort="Sang, Norton" uniqKey="Sang N" first="Norton" last="Sang">Norton Sang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Black, Doug" sort="Black, Doug" uniqKey="Black D" first="Doug" last="Black">Doug Black</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clark, Tamara D" sort="Clark, Tamara D" uniqKey="Clark T" first="Tamara D" last="Clark">Tamara D. Clark</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ladai, Andras" sort="Ladai, Andras" uniqKey="Ladai A" first="Andras" last="Ladai">Andras Ladai</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Plenty, Albert" sort="Plenty, Albert" uniqKey="Plenty A" first="Albert" last="Plenty">Albert Plenty</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kabami, Jane" sort="Kabami, Jane" uniqKey="Kabami J" first="Jane" last="Kabami">Jane Kabami</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ssemmondo, Emmanuel" sort="Ssemmondo, Emmanuel" uniqKey="Ssemmondo E" first="Emmanuel" last="Ssemmondo">Emmanuel Ssemmondo</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bukusi, Elizabeth A" sort="Bukusi, Elizabeth A" uniqKey="Bukusi E" first="Elizabeth A" last="Bukusi">Elizabeth A. Bukusi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cohen, Craig R" sort="Cohen, Craig R" uniqKey="Cohen C" first="Craig R" last="Cohen">Craig R. Cohen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Charlebois, Edwin D" sort="Charlebois, Edwin D" uniqKey="Charlebois E" first="Edwin D" last="Charlebois">Edwin D. Charlebois</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kamya, Moses R" sort="Kamya, Moses R" uniqKey="Kamya M" first="Moses R" last="Kamya">Moses R. Kamya</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Havlir, Diane V" sort="Havlir, Diane V" uniqKey="Havlir D" first="Diane V" last="Havlir">Diane V. Havlir</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
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<series><title level="j">The lancet. HIV</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2352-3018</idno>
<imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<term>Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>HIV Infections (epidemiology)</term>
<term>HIV Infections (immunology)</term>
<term>HIV Infections (transmission)</term>
<term>HIV Infections (virology)</term>
<term>HIV-1 (genetics)</term>
<term>HIV-1 (immunology)</term>
<term>HIV-1 (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Kenya (epidemiology)</term>
<term>RNA, Viral (blood)</term>
<term>Rural Health</term>
<term>Sexual Partners</term>
<term>Uganda (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Viral Load</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-HIV Agents</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term>
<term>Kenya</term>
<term>Uganda</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV-1</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term>
<term>HIV-1</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV-1</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term>
<term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Rural Health</term>
<term>Sexual Partners</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">As sub-Saharan Africa transitions to a new era of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART), up-to-date assessments of population-level HIV RNA suppression are needed to inform interventions to optimise ART delivery. We sought to measure population viral load metrics to assess viral suppression and characterise demographic groups and geographical locations with high-level detectable viraemia in east Africa.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27989576</PMID>
<DateCreated><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>19</Day>
</DateCreated>
<DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2352-3018</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>4</Volume>
<Issue>3</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>Mar</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>The lancet. HIV</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Lancet HIV</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Population levels and geographical distribution of HIV RNA in rural Ugandan and Kenyan communities, including serodiscordant couples: a cross-sectional analysis.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>e122-e133</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2352-3018(16)30220-X</ELocationID>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/S2352-3018(16)30220-X</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">As sub-Saharan Africa transitions to a new era of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART), up-to-date assessments of population-level HIV RNA suppression are needed to inform interventions to optimise ART delivery. We sought to measure population viral load metrics to assess viral suppression and characterise demographic groups and geographical locations with high-level detectable viraemia in east Africa.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">The Sustainable East Africa Research in Community Health (SEARCH) study is a cluster-randomised controlled trial of an HIV test-and-treat strategy in 32 rural communities in Uganda and Kenya, selected on the basis of rural setting, having an approximate population of 10 000 people, and being within the catchment area of a President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief-supported HIV clinic. During the baseline population assessment in the SEARCH study, we did baseline HIV testing and HIV RNA measurement. We analysed stable adult (aged ≥15 years) community residents. We defined viral suppression as a viral load of less than 500 copies per mL. To assess geographical sources of transmission risk, we established the proportion of all adults (both HIV positive and HIV negative) with a detectable viral load (local prevalence of viraemia). We defined transmission risk hotspots as geopolitical subunits within communities with an at least 5% local prevalence of viraemia. We also assessed serodiscordant couples, measuring the proportion of HIV-positive partners with detectable viraemia. The SEARCH study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01864603.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="FINDINGS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Between April 2, 2013, and June 8, 2014, of 303 461 stable residents, we enumerated 274 040 (90·3%), of whom 132 030 (48·2%) were adults. Of these, 117 711 (89·2%) had their HIV status established, of whom 11 964 (10·2%) were HIV positive. Of these, we measured viral load in 8828 (73·8%) people. Viral suppression occurred in 3427 (81·6%) of 4202 HIV-positive adults on ART and 4490 (50·9%) of 8828 HIV-positive adults. Regional viral suppression among HIV-positive adults occurred in 881 (48·2%) of 1827 people in west Uganda, 516 (45·0%) of 1147 in east Uganda, and 3093 (52·8%) of 5854 in Kenya. Transmission risk hotspots occurred in three of 21 parishes in west Uganda and none in east Uganda and in 24 of 26 Kenya geopolitical subunits. In Uganda, 492 (2·9%) of 16 874 couples were serodiscordant: in 287 (58·3%) of these couples, the HIV-positive partner was viraemic (and in 69 [14·0%], viral load was >100 000 copies per mL). In Kenya, 859 (10·0%) of 8616 couples were serodiscordant: in 445 (53·0%) of these couples, the HIV-positive partner was viraemic (and in 129 [15%], viral load was >100 000 copies per mL).</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="INTERPRETATION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Before the start of the SEARCH trial, 51% of east African HIV-positive adults had viral suppression, reflecting ART scale-up efforts to date. Geographical hotspots of potential HIV transmission risk and detectable viraemia among serodiscordant couples warrant intensified interventions.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="FUNDING" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (National Institutes of Health) and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jain</LastName>
<ForeName>Vivek</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: vivek.jain@ucsf.edu.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Petersen</LastName>
<ForeName>Maya L</ForeName>
<Initials>ML</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Berkeley School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liegler</LastName>
<ForeName>Teri</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Byonanebye</LastName>
<ForeName>Dathan M</ForeName>
<Initials>DM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kwarisiima</LastName>
<ForeName>Dalsone</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chamie</LastName>
<ForeName>Gabriel</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sang</LastName>
<ForeName>Norton</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Black</LastName>
<ForeName>Doug</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Clark</LastName>
<ForeName>Tamara D</ForeName>
<Initials>TD</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ladai</LastName>
<ForeName>Andras</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Plenty</LastName>
<ForeName>Albert</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kabami</LastName>
<ForeName>Jane</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ssemmondo</LastName>
<ForeName>Emmanuel</ForeName>
<Initials>E</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Makerere University and University of California, San Francisco, Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bukusi</LastName>
<ForeName>Elizabeth A</ForeName>
<Initials>EA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
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   |texte=   Population levels and geographical distribution of HIV RNA in rural Ugandan and Kenyan communities, including serodiscordant couples: a cross-sectional analysis.
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	Le SIDA en Afrique subsaharienne (serveur d'exploration)
	Attention, ce site est en cours de développement ! Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts. Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Le SIDA en Afrique subsaharienne (serveur d'exploration)

Population levels and geographical distribution of HIV RNA in rural Ugandan and Kenyan communities, including serodiscordant couples: a cross-sectional analysis.

Population levels and geographical distribution of HIV RNA in rural Ugandan and Kenyan communities, including serodiscordant couples: a cross-sectional analysis.

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