Consequences of Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing during Pregnancy and Delayed Diagnosis for Mexican Women, Children and Male Partners
Identifieur interne : 002B29 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 002B28; suivant : 002B30Consequences of Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing during Pregnancy and Delayed Diagnosis for Mexican Women, Children and Male Partners
Auteurs : Tamil KendallSource :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
HIV testing during pregnancy permits prevention of vertical (mother-to-child) transmission and provides an opportunity for women living with HIV to access treatment for their own health. In 2001, Mexico’s National HIV Action Plan committed to universal offer of HIV testing to pregnant women, but in 2011, only 45.6% of women who attended antenatal care (ANC) were tested for HIV. The study objective was to document the consequences of missed opportunities for HIV testing and counseling during pregnancy and late HIV diagnosis for Mexican women living with HIV and their families.
Semi-structured-interviews with 55 women living with HIV who had had a pregnancy since 2001 were completed between 2009 and 2011. Interviews were analyzed thematically using
Consistent with national statistics, less than half of the women living with HIV (42%) were offered HIV testing and counseling during ANC. When not diagnosed during ANC, women had multiple contacts with the health-care system due to their own and other family members’ AIDS-related complications before being diagnosed. Missed opportunities for HIV testing and counseling during antenatal care and health-care providers failure to recognize AIDS-related complications resulted in pediatric HIV infections, AIDS-related deaths of children and male partners, and HIV disease progression among women and other family members. In contrast, HIV diagnosis permitted timely access to interventions to prevent vertical HIV transmission and long-term care and treatment for women living with HIV.
Omissions of the offer of HIV testing and counseling in ANC and health-care providers’ failure to recognize AIDS-related complications had negative health, economic and emotional consequences. Scaling-up provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling within and beyond antenatal care and pre-service and in-service trainings on HIV and AIDS for health-care providers can hasten timely HIV diagnosis and contribute to improved individual and public health in Mexico.
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109912
PubMed: 25372464
PubMed Central: 4220915
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Consequences of Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing during Pregnancy and Delayed Diagnosis for Mexican Women, Children and Male Partners</title><author><name sortKey="Kendall, Tamil" sort="Kendall, Tamil" uniqKey="Kendall T" first="Tamil" last="Kendall">Tamil Kendall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25372464</idno><idno type="pmc">4220915</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4220915</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4220915</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0109912</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002B30</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002B30</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002B29</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002B29</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Consequences of Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing during Pregnancy and Delayed Diagnosis for Mexican Women, Children and Male Partners</title><author><name sortKey="Kendall, Tamil" sort="Kendall, Tamil" uniqKey="Kendall T" first="Tamil" last="Kendall">Tamil Kendall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>HIV testing during pregnancy permits prevention of vertical (mother-to-child) transmission and provides an opportunity for women living with HIV to access treatment for their own health. In 2001, Mexico’s National HIV Action Plan committed to universal offer of HIV testing to pregnant women, but in 2011, only 45.6% of women who attended antenatal care (ANC) were tested for HIV. The study objective was to document the consequences of missed opportunities for HIV testing and counseling during pregnancy and late HIV diagnosis for Mexican women living with HIV and their families.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Semi-structured-interviews with 55 women living with HIV who had had a pregnancy since 2001 were completed between 2009 and 2011. Interviews were analyzed thematically using <italic>a priori</italic> and inductive codes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Consistent with national statistics, less than half of the women living with HIV (42%) were offered HIV testing and counseling during ANC. When not diagnosed during ANC, women had multiple contacts with the health-care system due to their own and other family members’ AIDS-related complications before being diagnosed. Missed opportunities for HIV testing and counseling during antenatal care and health-care providers failure to recognize AIDS-related complications resulted in pediatric HIV infections, AIDS-related deaths of children and male partners, and HIV disease progression among women and other family members. In contrast, HIV diagnosis permitted timely access to interventions to prevent vertical HIV transmission and long-term care and treatment for women living with HIV.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Omissions of the offer of HIV testing and counseling in ANC and health-care providers’ failure to recognize AIDS-related complications had negative health, economic and emotional consequences. Scaling-up provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling within and beyond antenatal care and pre-service and in-service trainings on HIV and AIDS for health-care providers can hasten timely HIV diagnosis and contribute to improved individual and public health in Mexico.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Romero Gutierrez, G" uniqKey="Romero Gutierrez G">G Romero-Gutierrez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delgado Macias, Aa" uniqKey="Delgado 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Squires</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Creek, Tl" uniqKey="Creek T">TL Creek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ntumy, R" uniqKey="Ntumy R">R Ntumy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seipone, K" uniqKey="Seipone K">K Seipone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, M" uniqKey="Smith M">M Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mogodi, M" uniqKey="Mogodi M">M Mogodi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Manzi, M" uniqKey="Manzi M">M Manzi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zachariah, R" uniqKey="Zachariah R">R Zachariah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Teck, R" uniqKey="Teck R">R Teck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Buhendwa, L" uniqKey="Buhendwa L">L Buhendwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kazima, J" uniqKey="Kazima J">J Kazima</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moses, A" uniqKey="Moses A">A Moses</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zimba, C" uniqKey="Zimba C">C Zimba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kamanga, E" uniqKey="Kamanga E">E Kamanga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nkhoma, J" uniqKey="Nkhoma J">J Nkhoma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maida, A" uniqKey="Maida A">A Maida</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Walmsley, S" uniqKey="Walmsley S">S Walmsley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rennie, S" uniqKey="Rennie S">S Rennie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behets, F" uniqKey="Behets F">F Behets</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maman, S" uniqKey="Maman S">S Maman</name></author><author><name sortKey="King, E" uniqKey="King E">E King</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Egger, M" uniqKey="Egger M">M Egger</name></author><author><name sortKey="May, M" uniqKey="May M">M May</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chene, G" uniqKey="Chene G">G Chene</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, An" uniqKey="Phillips A">AN Phillips</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ledergerber, B" uniqKey="Ledergerber B">B Ledergerber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ferguson, L" uniqKey="Ferguson L">L Ferguson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grant, Ad" uniqKey="Grant A">AD Grant</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, J" uniqKey="Lewis J">J Lewis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kielman, K" uniqKey="Kielman K">K Kielman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson Jones, D" uniqKey="Watson Jones D">D Watson-Jones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ferguson, L" uniqKey="Ferguson L">L Ferguson</name></author><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25372464</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4220915</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-13-53228</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0109912</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Immunodeficiency Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>HIV</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Medicine and health sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Diagnostic medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>HIV diagnosis and management</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Health Care</subject><subj-group><subject>Health Care Policy</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subj-group><subject>Child Health</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Diseases</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Public and Occupational Health</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Women's Health</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subj-group><subject>Research Design</subject><subj-group><subject>Qualitative Studies</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Sociology</subject><subj-group><subject>Sexual and Gender Issues</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Consequences of Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing during Pregnancy and Delayed Diagnosis for Mexican Women, Children and Male Partners</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Consequences of Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing during Pregnancy</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kendall</surname><given-names>Tamil</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Women and Health Initiative and Takemi Program in International Health, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Thorne</surname><given-names>Claire</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, United Kingdom</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>tkendall@hsph.harvard.edu</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The author declares that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: TK. Analyzed the data: TK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TK. Wrote the paper: TK.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>5</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>11</issue><elocation-id>e109912</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>12</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Tamil Kendall</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>HIV testing during pregnancy permits prevention of vertical (mother-to-child) transmission and provides an opportunity for women living with HIV to access treatment for their own health. In 2001, Mexico’s National HIV Action Plan committed to universal offer of HIV testing to pregnant women, but in 2011, only 45.6% of women who attended antenatal care (ANC) were tested for HIV. The study objective was to document the consequences of missed opportunities for HIV testing and counseling during pregnancy and late HIV diagnosis for Mexican women living with HIV and their families.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Semi-structured-interviews with 55 women living with HIV who had had a pregnancy since 2001 were completed between 2009 and 2011. Interviews were analyzed thematically using <italic>a priori</italic> and inductive codes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Consistent with national statistics, less than half of the women living with HIV (42%) were offered HIV testing and counseling during ANC. When not diagnosed during ANC, women had multiple contacts with the health-care system due to their own and other family members’ AIDS-related complications before being diagnosed. Missed opportunities for HIV testing and counseling during antenatal care and health-care providers failure to recognize AIDS-related complications resulted in pediatric HIV infections, AIDS-related deaths of children and male partners, and HIV disease progression among women and other family members. In contrast, HIV diagnosis permitted timely access to interventions to prevent vertical HIV transmission and long-term care and treatment for women living with HIV.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Omissions of the offer of HIV testing and counseling in ANC and health-care providers’ failure to recognize AIDS-related complications had negative health, economic and emotional consequences. Scaling-up provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling within and beyond antenatal care and pre-service and in-service trainings on HIV and AIDS for health-care providers can hasten timely HIV diagnosis and contribute to improved individual and public health in Mexico.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This research was supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Postdoctoral Fellowship (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/193.html">http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/193.html</ext-link>), a Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Scholarship (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.trudeaufoundation.ca/en">http://www.trudeaufoundation.ca/en</ext-link>), a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council Canada Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.vanier.gc.ca/eng/home-accueil.aspx">http://www.vanier.gc.ca/eng/home-accueil.aspx</ext-link>), and a grant from UNIFEM (now UNWOMEN) sub-regional office for Mexico, Central America, Cuba and the Dominican Republic (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.unwomen.org/">http://www.unwomen.org/</ext-link>). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="9"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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