Prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among school-going adolescents in Central Uganda
Identifieur interne : 000834 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000833; suivant : 000835Prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among school-going adolescents in Central Uganda
Auteurs : Joyce Nalugya-Sserunjogi [Ouganda] ; Godfrey Zari Rukundo [Ouganda] ; Emilio Ovuga [Ouganda] ; Steven M. Kiwuwa [Ouganda] ; Seggane Musisi [Ouganda] ; Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu [Ouganda]Source :
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health [ 1753-2000 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Depression in adolescents constitutes a global public health concern. However, data on its prevalence and associated factors are limited in low income countries like Uganda.
Using a cross-sectional descriptive study design, 519 adolescent students in 4 secondary schools in Mukono district, Uganda, were randomly selected after meeting study criteria. The 4 school types were: boarding mixed (boys and girls) school; day mixed school; girls’ only boarding school; and, boys’ only boarding school. The 519 participants filled out standardized questionnaires regarding their socio-demographic characteristics and health history. They were then screened for depression using the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and those with a cut-off of 19 were administered the Mini International Neuro-Psychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents 2.0 (MINI-KID), to ascertain the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM IV) diagnostic types of depression and any co morbidity. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with significant depression symptoms (a score of 19 or more on the CDI).
There were 301 (58 %) boys and 218 (42 %) girls with age range 14–16 years and a mean age of 16 years (SD 2.18). Of 519 participants screened with the CDI, 109 (21 %) had significant depression symptoms. Of the 109 participants with significant depression symptoms, only 74 were evaluated with the MINI-KID and of these, 8 (11 %) met criteria for major depression and 6 (8 %) met criteria for dysthymia. Therefore, among participants that were assessed with both the CDI and the MINI-KID (n = 484), the prevalence of depressive disorders was 2.9 %. In this sample, 15 (3.1 %) reported current suicidal ideation. In the logistic regression analyses, significant depression symptoms were associated with single-sex schools, loss of parents and alcohol consumption.
This is a cross-sectional study therefore, causal relationships are difficult to establish. Limited resources and the lack of collateral information precluded the assessment of a number of potential factors that could be associated with adolescent depression. The MINI-KID was administered to only 74 out of 109 students who scored ≥19 on the CDI since 35 students could not be traced again due to limited resources at the time.
Significant depression symptoms are prevalent among school-going adolescents and may progress to full-blown depressive disorders. Culturally sensitive psychological interventions to prevent and treat depression among school-going adolescents are urgently needed.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s13034-016-0133-4
PubMed: 27800012
PubMed Central: 5081935
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Kiwuwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Department of Child Health and Development, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Child Health and Development, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Musisi, Seggane" sort="Musisi, Seggane" uniqKey="Musisi S" first="Seggane" last="Musisi">Seggane Musisi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakimuli Mpungu, Etheldreda" sort="Nakimuli Mpungu, Etheldreda" uniqKey="Nakimuli Mpungu E" first="Etheldreda" last="Nakimuli-Mpungu">Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27800012</idno><idno type="pmc">5081935</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5081935</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5081935</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s13034-016-0133-4</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000835</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000835</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000834</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000834</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among school-going adolescents in Central Uganda</title><author><name sortKey="Nalugya Sserunjogi, Joyce" sort="Nalugya Sserunjogi, Joyce" uniqKey="Nalugya Sserunjogi J" first="Joyce" last="Nalugya-Sserunjogi">Joyce Nalugya-Sserunjogi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rukundo, Godfrey Zari" sort="Rukundo, Godfrey Zari" uniqKey="Rukundo G" first="Godfrey Zari" last="Rukundo">Godfrey Zari Rukundo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ovuga, Emilio" sort="Ovuga, Emilio" uniqKey="Ovuga E" first="Emilio" last="Ovuga">Emilio Ovuga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Department of Psychiatry, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Gulu University, Gulu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiwuwa, Steven M" sort="Kiwuwa, Steven M" uniqKey="Kiwuwa S" first="Steven M." last="Kiwuwa">Steven M. Kiwuwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Department of Child Health and Development, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Child Health and Development, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Musisi, Seggane" sort="Musisi, Seggane" uniqKey="Musisi S" first="Seggane" last="Musisi">Seggane Musisi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakimuli Mpungu, Etheldreda" sort="Nakimuli Mpungu, Etheldreda" uniqKey="Nakimuli Mpungu E" first="Etheldreda" last="Nakimuli-Mpungu">Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health</title><idno type="eISSN">1753-2000</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Depression in adolescents constitutes a global public health concern. However, data on its prevalence and associated factors are limited in low income countries like Uganda.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Using a cross-sectional descriptive study design, 519 adolescent students in 4 secondary schools in Mukono district, Uganda, were randomly selected after meeting study criteria. The 4 school types were: boarding mixed (boys and girls) school; day mixed school; girls’ only boarding school; and, boys’ only boarding school. The 519 participants filled out standardized questionnaires regarding their socio-demographic characteristics and health history. They were then screened for depression using the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and those with a cut-off of 19 were administered the Mini International Neuro-Psychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents 2.0 (MINI-KID), to ascertain the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM IV) diagnostic types of depression and any co morbidity. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with significant depression symptoms (a score of 19 or more on the CDI).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>There were 301 (58 %) boys and 218 (42 %) girls with age range 14–16 years and a mean age of 16 years (SD 2.18). Of 519 participants screened with the CDI, 109 (21 %) had significant depression symptoms. Of the 109 participants with significant depression symptoms, only 74 were evaluated with the MINI-KID and of these, 8 (11 %) met criteria for major depression and 6 (8 %) met criteria for dysthymia. Therefore, among participants that were assessed with both the CDI and the MINI-KID (n = 484), the prevalence of depressive disorders was 2.9 %. In this sample, 15 (3.1 %) reported current suicidal ideation. In the logistic regression analyses, significant depression symptoms were associated with single-sex schools, loss of parents and alcohol consumption.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>This is a cross-sectional study therefore, causal relationships are difficult to establish. Limited resources and the lack of collateral information precluded the assessment of a number of potential factors that could be associated with adolescent depression. The MINI-KID was administered to only 74 out of 109 students who scored ≥19 on the CDI since 35 students could not be traced again due to limited resources at the time.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Significant depression symptoms are prevalent among school-going adolescents and may progress to full-blown depressive disorders. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1753-2000</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name><publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27800012</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5081935</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">133</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s13034-016-0133-4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among school-going adolescents in Central Uganda</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Nalugya-Sserunjogi</surname><given-names>Joyce</given-names></name><address><phone>+256 772629862</phone><email>joycenalugya@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rukundo</surname><given-names>Godfrey Zari</given-names></name><address><email>joycenalugya@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ovuga</surname><given-names>Emilio</given-names></name><address><email>joycenalugya@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kiwuwa</surname><given-names>Steven M.</given-names></name><address><email>joycenalugya@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Musisi</surname><given-names>Seggane</given-names></name><address><email>joycenalugya@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nakimuli-Mpungu</surname><given-names>Etheldreda</given-names></name><address><email>joycenalugya@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label>Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</aff><aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label>Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda</aff><aff id="Aff3"><label>3</label>Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda</aff><aff id="Aff4"><label>4</label>Department of Psychiatry, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda</aff><aff id="Aff5"><label>5</label>Department of Child Health and Development, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><elocation-id>39</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>26</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author(s) 2016</copyright-statement><license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p><bold>Open Access</bold>This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Depression in adolescents constitutes a global public health concern. However, data on its prevalence and associated factors are limited in low income countries like Uganda.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Using a cross-sectional descriptive study design, 519 adolescent students in 4 secondary schools in Mukono district, Uganda, were randomly selected after meeting study criteria. The 4 school types were: boarding mixed (boys and girls) school; day mixed school; girls’ only boarding school; and, boys’ only boarding school. The 519 participants filled out standardized questionnaires regarding their socio-demographic characteristics and health history. They were then screened for depression using the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and those with a cut-off of 19 were administered the Mini International Neuro-Psychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents 2.0 (MINI-KID), to ascertain the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM IV) diagnostic types of depression and any co morbidity. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with significant depression symptoms (a score of 19 or more on the CDI).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>There were 301 (58 %) boys and 218 (42 %) girls with age range 14–16 years and a mean age of 16 years (SD 2.18). Of 519 participants screened with the CDI, 109 (21 %) had significant depression symptoms. Of the 109 participants with significant depression symptoms, only 74 were evaluated with the MINI-KID and of these, 8 (11 %) met criteria for major depression and 6 (8 %) met criteria for dysthymia. Therefore, among participants that were assessed with both the CDI and the MINI-KID (n = 484), the prevalence of depressive disorders was 2.9 %. In this sample, 15 (3.1 %) reported current suicidal ideation. In the logistic regression analyses, significant depression symptoms were associated with single-sex schools, loss of parents and alcohol consumption.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>This is a cross-sectional study therefore, causal relationships are difficult to establish. Limited resources and the lack of collateral information precluded the assessment of a number of potential factors that could be associated with adolescent depression. The MINI-KID was administered to only 74 out of 109 students who scored ≥19 on the CDI since 35 students could not be traced again due to limited resources at the time.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Significant depression symptoms are prevalent among school-going adolescents and may progress to full-blown depressive disorders. Culturally sensitive psychological interventions to prevent and treat depression among school-going adolescents are urgently needed.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Depression</kwd><kwd>Depression symptoms</kwd><kwd>Adolescents</kwd><kwd>Orphan-hood</kwd><kwd>Secondary schools</kwd><kwd>Uganda</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution>The MQ Fellow Mental Health Science Award 2015</institution></funding-source><award-id>MQ15FIP100024</award-id><principal-award-recipient><name><surname>Nakimuli-Mpungu</surname><given-names>Etheldreda</given-names></name></principal-award-recipient></award-group></funding-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s) 2016</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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