Benzodiazepine Use as an Independent Risk Factor for HIV Infection in a Canadian Setting
Identifieur interne : 001B66 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001B65; suivant : 001B67Benzodiazepine Use as an Independent Risk Factor for HIV Infection in a Canadian Setting
Auteurs : Sarah Ickowicz ; Kanna Hayashi ; Huiru Dong ; Mj Milloy ; Thomas Kerr ; Julio S. G. Montaner ; Evan WoodSource :
- Drug and alcohol dependence [ 0376-8716 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Although the harms of prescription drug diversion are of growing international concern, the potential impact of prescription drug use on HIV infection has not been well assessed. We evaluated whether benzodiazepine use was associated with HIV seroconversion among a cohort of persons who inject drugs (PWID) in a Canadian setting.
Between May, 1996 and November, 2013, data were derived through a prospective cohort study of PWID in Vancouver, Canada. A total of 1,682 baseline HIV negative participants were followed for a median of 79.5 months (interquartile range: 32.1 – 119.1), among whom 501 (29.8%) reported benzodiazepine use at baseline, and 176 seroconverted during follow-up, equal to an incidence density of 1.5 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.3 – 1.7) cases per 100 person-years. Poisson regression with time-dependent variables was used to assess whether benzodiazepine use was associated with the time to HIV seroconversion.
After adjustment for potential confounders, benzodiazepine use (Adjusted Rate Ratio: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.01 – 2.24) was independently associated with a higher rate of HIV seroconversion.
Benzodiazepine use was an independent risk factor for HIV seroconversion among PWID in this setting. Greater recognition of the safety concerns related to benzodiazepine medications including d iversion are needed.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.017
PubMed: 26243506
PubMed Central: 4581956
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Benzodiazepine Use as an Independent Risk Factor for HIV Infection in a Canadian Setting</title><author><name sortKey="Ickowicz, Sarah" sort="Ickowicz, Sarah" uniqKey="Ickowicz S" first="Sarah" last="Ickowicz">Sarah Ickowicz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayashi, Kanna" sort="Hayashi, Kanna" uniqKey="Hayashi K" first="Kanna" last="Hayashi">Kanna Hayashi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, Huiru" sort="Dong, Huiru" uniqKey="Dong H" first="Huiru" last="Dong">Huiru Dong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milloy, Mj" sort="Milloy, Mj" uniqKey="Milloy M" first="Mj" last="Milloy">Mj Milloy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kerr, Thomas" sort="Kerr, Thomas" uniqKey="Kerr T" first="Thomas" last="Kerr">Thomas Kerr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montaner, Julio S G" sort="Montaner, Julio S G" uniqKey="Montaner J" first="Julio S. G." last="Montaner">Julio S. G. Montaner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Evan" sort="Wood, Evan" uniqKey="Wood E" first="Evan" last="Wood">Evan Wood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26243506</idno><idno type="pmc">4581956</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4581956</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4581956</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.017</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001B66</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001B66</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Benzodiazepine Use as an Independent Risk Factor for HIV Infection in a Canadian Setting</title><author><name sortKey="Ickowicz, Sarah" sort="Ickowicz, Sarah" uniqKey="Ickowicz S" first="Sarah" last="Ickowicz">Sarah Ickowicz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayashi, Kanna" sort="Hayashi, Kanna" uniqKey="Hayashi K" first="Kanna" last="Hayashi">Kanna Hayashi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, Huiru" sort="Dong, Huiru" uniqKey="Dong H" first="Huiru" last="Dong">Huiru Dong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milloy, Mj" sort="Milloy, Mj" uniqKey="Milloy M" first="Mj" last="Milloy">Mj Milloy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kerr, Thomas" sort="Kerr, Thomas" uniqKey="Kerr T" first="Thomas" last="Kerr">Thomas Kerr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montaner, Julio S G" sort="Montaner, Julio S G" uniqKey="Montaner J" first="Julio S. G." last="Montaner">Julio S. G. Montaner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Evan" sort="Wood, Evan" uniqKey="Wood E" first="Evan" last="Wood">Evan Wood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Drug and alcohol dependence</title><idno type="ISSN">0376-8716</idno><idno type="eISSN">1879-0046</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">Although the harms of prescription drug diversion are of growing international concern, the potential impact of prescription drug use on HIV infection has not been well assessed. We evaluated whether benzodiazepine use was associated with HIV seroconversion among a cohort of persons who inject drugs (PWID) in a Canadian setting.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">Between May, 1996 and November, 2013, data were derived through a prospective cohort study of PWID in Vancouver, Canada. A total of 1,682 baseline HIV negative participants were followed for a median of 79.5 months (interquartile range: 32.1 – 119.1), among whom 501 (29.8%) reported benzodiazepine use at baseline, and 176 seroconverted during follow-up, equal to an incidence density of 1.5 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.3 – 1.7) cases per 100 person-years. Poisson regression with time-dependent variables was used to assess whether benzodiazepine use was associated with the time to HIV seroconversion.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">After adjustment for potential confounders, benzodiazepine use (Adjusted Rate Ratio: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.01 – 2.24) was independently associated with a higher rate of HIV seroconversion.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P4">Benzodiazepine use was an independent risk factor for HIV seroconversion among PWID in this setting. Greater recognition of the safety concerns related to benzodiazepine medications including d iversion are needed.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">7513587</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">3445</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Drug Alcohol Depend</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Drug Alcohol Depend</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Drug and alcohol dependence</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0376-8716</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1879-0046</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26243506</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4581956</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS711098</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Benzodiazepine Use as an Independent Risk Factor for HIV Infection in a Canadian Setting</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ickowicz</surname><given-names>Sarah</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hayashi</surname><given-names>Kanna</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dong</surname><given-names>Huiru</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Milloy</surname><given-names>MJ</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kerr</surname><given-names>Thomas</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Montaner</surname><given-names>Julio S. G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wood</surname><given-names>Evan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><bold>Send correspondence to:</bold> Evan Wood, Professor of Medicine, University of BC, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608 - 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada, <bold>Tel:</bold> 604-806-9692, <bold>Fax:</bold> 604-806-9044, <email>uhri-ew@cfenet.ubc.ca</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>31</day><month>7</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>7</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>155</volume><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>194</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.017</pmc-comment>
<abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">Although the harms of prescription drug diversion are of growing international concern, the potential impact of prescription drug use on HIV infection has not been well assessed. We evaluated whether benzodiazepine use was associated with HIV seroconversion among a cohort of persons who inject drugs (PWID) in a Canadian setting.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">Between May, 1996 and November, 2013, data were derived through a prospective cohort study of PWID in Vancouver, Canada. A total of 1,682 baseline HIV negative participants were followed for a median of 79.5 months (interquartile range: 32.1 – 119.1), among whom 501 (29.8%) reported benzodiazepine use at baseline, and 176 seroconverted during follow-up, equal to an incidence density of 1.5 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.3 – 1.7) cases per 100 person-years. Poisson regression with time-dependent variables was used to assess whether benzodiazepine use was associated with the time to HIV seroconversion.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">After adjustment for potential confounders, benzodiazepine use (Adjusted Rate Ratio: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.01 – 2.24) was independently associated with a higher rate of HIV seroconversion.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P4">Benzodiazepine use was an independent risk factor for HIV seroconversion among PWID in this setting. Greater recognition of the safety concerns related to benzodiazepine medications including d iversion are needed.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>benzodiazepine</kwd><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>injection drug use</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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