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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kassebaum, Nicholas J" sort="Kassebaum, Nicholas J" uniqKey="Kassebaum N" first="Nicholas J" last="Kassebaum">Nicholas J. Kassebaum</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bertozzi Villa, Amelia" sort="Bertozzi Villa, Amelia" uniqKey="Bertozzi Villa A" first="Amelia" last="Bertozzi-Villa">Amelia Bertozzi-Villa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coggeshall, Megan S" sort="Coggeshall, Megan S" uniqKey="Coggeshall M" first="Megan S" last="Coggeshall">Megan S. Coggeshall</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shackelford, Katya A" sort="Shackelford, Katya A" uniqKey="Shackelford K" first="Katya A" last="Shackelford">Katya A. Shackelford</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Steiner, Caitlyn" sort="Steiner, Caitlyn" uniqKey="Steiner C" first="Caitlyn" last="Steiner">Caitlyn Steiner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heuton, Kyle R" sort="Heuton, Kyle R" uniqKey="Heuton K" first="Kyle R" last="Heuton">Kyle R. Heuton</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Medina, Diego" sort="Gonzalez Medina, Diego" uniqKey="Gonzalez Medina D" first="Diego" last="Gonzalez-Medina">Diego Gonzalez-Medina</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barber, Ryan" sort="Barber, Ryan" uniqKey="Barber R" first="Ryan" last="Barber">Ryan Barber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Huynh, Chantal" sort="Huynh, Chantal" uniqKey="Huynh C" first="Chantal" last="Huynh">Chantal Huynh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dicker, Daniel" sort="Dicker, Daniel" uniqKey="Dicker D" first="Daniel" last="Dicker">Daniel Dicker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Templin, Tara" sort="Templin, Tara" uniqKey="Templin T" first="Tara" last="Templin">Tara Templin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wolock, Timothy M" sort="Wolock, Timothy M" uniqKey="Wolock T" first="Timothy M" last="Wolock">Timothy M. Wolock</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu" sort="Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu" uniqKey="Ozgoren A" first="Ayse Abbasoglu" last="Ozgoren">Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abd Allah, Foad" sort="Abd Allah, Foad" uniqKey="Abd Allah F" first="Foad" last="Abd-Allah">Foad Abd-Allah</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abera, Semaw Ferede" sort="Abera, Semaw Ferede" uniqKey="Abera S" first="Semaw Ferede" last="Abera">Semaw Ferede Abera</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abubakar, Ibrahim" sort="Abubakar, Ibrahim" uniqKey="Abubakar I" first="Ibrahim" last="Abubakar">Ibrahim Abubakar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Achoki, Tom" sort="Achoki, Tom" uniqKey="Achoki T" first="Tom" last="Achoki">Tom Achoki</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adelekan, Ademola" sort="Adelekan, Ademola" uniqKey="Adelekan A" first="Ademola" last="Adelekan">Ademola Adelekan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ademi, Zanfina" sort="Ademi, Zanfina" uniqKey="Ademi Z" first="Zanfina" last="Ademi">Zanfina Ademi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adou, Arsene Kouablan" sort="Adou, Arsene Kouablan" uniqKey="Adou A" first="Arsène Kouablan" last="Adou">Arsène Kouablan Adou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adsuar, Jose C" sort="Adsuar, Jose C" uniqKey="Adsuar J" first="José C" last="Adsuar">José C. Adsuar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Agardh, Emilie E" sort="Agardh, Emilie E" uniqKey="Agardh E" first="Emilie E" last="Agardh">Emilie E. Agardh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Akena, Dickens" sort="Akena, Dickens" uniqKey="Akena D" first="Dickens" last="Akena">Dickens Akena</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alasfoor, Deena" sort="Alasfoor, Deena" uniqKey="Alasfoor D" first="Deena" last="Alasfoor">Deena Alasfoor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw" sort="Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw" uniqKey="Alemu Z" first="Zewdie Aderaw" last="Alemu">Zewdie Aderaw Alemu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alfonso Cristancho, Rafael" sort="Alfonso Cristancho, Rafael" uniqKey="Alfonso Cristancho R" first="Rafael" last="Alfonso-Cristancho">Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alhabib, Samia" sort="Alhabib, Samia" uniqKey="Alhabib S" first="Samia" last="Alhabib">Samia Alhabib</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ali, Raghib" sort="Ali, Raghib" uniqKey="Ali R" first="Raghib" last="Ali">Raghib Ali</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Al Kahbouri, Mazin J" sort="Al Kahbouri, Mazin J" uniqKey="Al Kahbouri M" first="Mazin J" last="Al Kahbouri">Mazin J. Al Kahbouri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alla, Francois" sort="Alla, Francois" uniqKey="Alla F" first="François" last="Alla">François Alla</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Allen, Peter J" sort="Allen, Peter J" uniqKey="Allen P" first="Peter J" last="Allen">Peter J. Allen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Almazroa, Mohammad A" sort="Almazroa, Mohammad A" uniqKey="Almazroa M" first="Mohammad A" last="Almazroa">Mohammad A. Almazroa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alsharif, Ubai" sort="Alsharif, Ubai" uniqKey="Alsharif U" first="Ubai" last="Alsharif">Ubai Alsharif</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alvarez, Elena" sort="Alvarez, Elena" uniqKey="Alvarez E" first="Elena" last="Alvarez">Elena Alvarez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alvis Guzman, Nelson" sort="Alvis Guzman, Nelson" uniqKey="Alvis Guzman N" first="Nelson" last="Alvis-Guzmán">Nelson Alvis-Guzmán</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Amankwaa, Adansi A" sort="Amankwaa, Adansi A" uniqKey="Amankwaa A" first="Adansi A" last="Amankwaa">Adansi A. Amankwaa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Amare, Azmeraw T" sort="Amare, Azmeraw T" uniqKey="Amare A" first="Azmeraw T" last="Amare">Azmeraw T. Amare</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Amini, Hassan" sort="Amini, Hassan" uniqKey="Amini H" first="Hassan" last="Amini">Hassan Amini</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ammar, Walid" sort="Ammar, Walid" uniqKey="Ammar W" first="Walid" last="Ammar">Walid Ammar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Antonio, Carl A T" sort="Antonio, Carl A T" uniqKey="Antonio C" first="Carl A T" last="Antonio">Carl A T. Antonio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anwari, Palwasha" sort="Anwari, Palwasha" uniqKey="Anwari P" first="Palwasha" last="Anwari">Palwasha Anwari</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey=" Rnlov, Johan" sort=" Rnlov, Johan" uniqKey=" Rnlov J" first="Johan" last=" Rnlöv">Johan Rnlöv</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic" sort="Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic" uniqKey="Arsenijevic V" first="Valentina S Arsic" last="Arsenijevic">Valentina S Arsic Arsenijevic</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Artaman, Ali" sort="Artaman, Ali" uniqKey="Artaman A" first="Ali" last="Artaman">Ali Artaman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Asad, Majed Masoud" sort="Asad, Majed Masoud" uniqKey="Asad M" first="Majed Masoud" last="Asad">Majed Masoud Asad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Asghar, Rana J" sort="Asghar, Rana J" uniqKey="Asghar R" first="Rana J" last="Asghar">Rana J. Asghar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Assadi, Reza" sort="Assadi, Reza" uniqKey="Assadi R" first="Reza" last="Assadi">Reza Assadi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Atkins, Lydia S" sort="Atkins, Lydia S" uniqKey="Atkins L" first="Lydia S" last="Atkins">Lydia S. Atkins</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Badawi, Alaa" sort="Badawi, Alaa" uniqKey="Badawi A" first="Alaa" last="Badawi">Alaa Badawi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Balakrishnan, Kalpana" sort="Balakrishnan, Kalpana" uniqKey="Balakrishnan K" first="Kalpana" last="Balakrishnan">Kalpana Balakrishnan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Basu, Arindam" sort="Basu, Arindam" uniqKey="Basu A" first="Arindam" last="Basu">Arindam Basu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Basu, Sanjay" sort="Basu, Sanjay" uniqKey="Basu S" first="Sanjay" last="Basu">Sanjay Basu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Beardsley, Justin" sort="Beardsley, Justin" uniqKey="Beardsley J" first="Justin" last="Beardsley">Justin Beardsley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bedi, Neeraj" sort="Bedi, Neeraj" uniqKey="Bedi N" first="Neeraj" last="Bedi">Neeraj Bedi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bekele, Tolesa" sort="Bekele, Tolesa" uniqKey="Bekele T" first="Tolesa" last="Bekele">Tolesa Bekele</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bell, Michelle L" sort="Bell, Michelle L" uniqKey="Bell M" first="Michelle L" last="Bell">Michelle L. Bell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bernabe, Eduardo" sort="Bernabe, Eduardo" uniqKey="Bernabe E" first="Eduardo" last="Bernabe">Eduardo Bernabe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Beyene, Tariku J" sort="Beyene, Tariku J" uniqKey="Beyene T" first="Tariku J" last="Beyene">Tariku J. Beyene</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bhutta, Zulfiqar" sort="Bhutta, Zulfiqar" uniqKey="Bhutta Z" first="Zulfiqar" last="Bhutta">Zulfiqar Bhutta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abdulhak, Aref Bin" sort="Abdulhak, Aref Bin" uniqKey="Abdulhak A" first="Aref Bin" last="Abdulhak">Aref Bin Abdulhak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Blore, Jed D" sort="Blore, Jed D" uniqKey="Blore J" first="Jed D" last="Blore">Jed D. Blore</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Basara, Berrak Bora" sort="Basara, Berrak Bora" uniqKey="Basara B" first="Berrak Bora" last="Basara">Berrak Bora Basara</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bose, Dipan" sort="Bose, Dipan" uniqKey="Bose D" first="Dipan" last="Bose">Dipan Bose</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Breitborde, Nicholas" sort="Breitborde, Nicholas" uniqKey="Breitborde N" first="Nicholas" last="Breitborde">Nicholas Breitborde</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cardenas, Rosario" sort="Cardenas, Rosario" uniqKey="Cardenas R" first="Rosario" last="Cárdenas">Rosario Cárdenas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Casta Eda Orjuela, Carlos A" sort="Casta Eda Orjuela, Carlos A" uniqKey="Casta Eda Orjuela C" first="Carlos A" last="Casta Eda-Orjuela">Carlos A. Casta Eda-Orjuela</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Castro, Ruben Estanislao" sort="Castro, Ruben Estanislao" uniqKey="Castro R" first="Ruben Estanislao" last="Castro">Ruben Estanislao Castro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Catala L Pez, Ferran" sort="Catala L Pez, Ferran" uniqKey="Catala L Pez F" first="Ferrán" last="Catalá-L Pez">Ferrán Catalá-L Pez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cavlin, Alanur" sort="Cavlin, Alanur" uniqKey="Cavlin A" first="Alanur" last="Cavlin">Alanur Cavlin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chang, Jung Chen" sort="Chang, Jung Chen" uniqKey="Chang J" first="Jung-Chen" last="Chang">Jung-Chen Chang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Che, Xuan" sort="Che, Xuan" uniqKey="Che X" first="Xuan" last="Che">Xuan Che</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christophi, Costas A" sort="Christophi, Costas A" uniqKey="Christophi C" first="Costas A" last="Christophi">Costas A. Christophi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chugh, Sumeet S" sort="Chugh, Sumeet S" uniqKey="Chugh S" first="Sumeet S" last="Chugh">Sumeet S. Chugh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cirillo, Massimo" sort="Cirillo, Massimo" uniqKey="Cirillo M" first="Massimo" last="Cirillo">Massimo Cirillo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Colquhoun, Samantha M" sort="Colquhoun, Samantha M" uniqKey="Colquhoun S" first="Samantha M" last="Colquhoun">Samantha M. Colquhoun</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cooper, Leslie Trumbull" sort="Cooper, Leslie Trumbull" uniqKey="Cooper L" first="Leslie Trumbull" last="Cooper">Leslie Trumbull Cooper</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cooper, Cyrus" sort="Cooper, Cyrus" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Cyrus" last="Cooper">Cyrus Cooper</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Da Costa Leite, Iuri" sort="Da Costa Leite, Iuri" uniqKey="Da Costa Leite I" first="Iuri" last="Da Costa Leite">Iuri Da Costa Leite</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dandona, Lalit" sort="Dandona, Lalit" uniqKey="Dandona L" first="Lalit" last="Dandona">Lalit Dandona</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dandona, Rakhi" sort="Dandona, Rakhi" uniqKey="Dandona R" first="Rakhi" last="Dandona">Rakhi Dandona</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Davis, Adrian" sort="Davis, Adrian" uniqKey="Davis A" first="Adrian" last="Davis">Adrian Davis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dayama, Anand" sort="Dayama, Anand" uniqKey="Dayama A" first="Anand" last="Dayama">Anand Dayama</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Louisa" sort="Degenhardt, Louisa" uniqKey="Degenhardt L" first="Louisa" last="Degenhardt">Louisa Degenhardt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Leo, Diego" sort="De Leo, Diego" uniqKey="De Leo D" first="Diego" last="De Leo">Diego De Leo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Del Pozo Cruz, Borja" sort="Del Pozo Cruz, Borja" uniqKey="Del Pozo Cruz B" first="Borja" last="Del Pozo-Cruz">Borja Del Pozo-Cruz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deribe, Kebede" sort="Deribe, Kebede" uniqKey="Deribe K" first="Kebede" last="Deribe">Kebede Deribe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dessalegn, Muluken" sort="Dessalegn, Muluken" uniqKey="Dessalegn M" first="Muluken" last="Dessalegn">Muluken Dessalegn</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deveber, Gabrielle A" sort="Deveber, Gabrielle A" uniqKey="Deveber G" first="Gabrielle A" last="Deveber">Gabrielle A. Deveber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dharmaratne, Samath D" sort="Dharmaratne, Samath D" uniqKey="Dharmaratne S" first="Samath D" last="Dharmaratne">Samath D. Dharmaratne</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dilmen, U Ur" sort="Dilmen, U Ur" uniqKey="Dilmen U" first="U Ur" last="Dilmen">U Ur Dilmen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ding, Eric L" sort="Ding, Eric L" uniqKey="Ding E" first="Eric L" last="Ding">Eric L. Ding</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dorrington, Rob E" sort="Dorrington, Rob E" uniqKey="Dorrington R" first="Rob E" last="Dorrington">Rob E. Dorrington</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Driscoll, Tim R" sort="Driscoll, Tim R" uniqKey="Driscoll T" first="Tim R" last="Driscoll">Tim R. Driscoll</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ermakov, Sergei Petrovich" sort="Ermakov, Sergei Petrovich" uniqKey="Ermakov S" first="Sergei Petrovich" last="Ermakov">Sergei Petrovich Ermakov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Esteghamati, Alireza" sort="Esteghamati, Alireza" uniqKey="Esteghamati A" first="Alireza" last="Esteghamati">Alireza Esteghamati</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Faraon, Emerito Jose A" sort="Faraon, Emerito Jose A" uniqKey="Faraon E" first="Emerito Jose A" last="Faraon">Emerito Jose A. Faraon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Farzadfar, Farshad" sort="Farzadfar, Farshad" uniqKey="Farzadfar F" first="Farshad" last="Farzadfar">Farshad Farzadfar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Felicio, Manuela Mendonca" sort="Felicio, Manuela Mendonca" uniqKey="Felicio M" first="Manuela Mendonca" last="Felicio">Manuela Mendonca Felicio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad" sort="Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad" uniqKey="Fereshtehnejad S" first="Seyed-Mohammad" last="Fereshtehnejad">Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Lima, Graca Maria Ferreira" sort="De Lima, Graca Maria Ferreira" uniqKey="De Lima G" first="Graça Maria Ferreira" last="De Lima">Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" sort="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" uniqKey="Forouzanfar M" first="Mohammad H" last="Forouzanfar">Mohammad H. Forouzanfar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Franca, Elisabeth B" sort="Franca, Elisabeth B" uniqKey="Franca E" first="Elisabeth B" last="França">Elisabeth B. França</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gaffikin, Lynne" sort="Gaffikin, Lynne" uniqKey="Gaffikin L" first="Lynne" last="Gaffikin">Lynne Gaffikin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gambashidze, Ketevan" sort="Gambashidze, Ketevan" uniqKey="Gambashidze K" first="Ketevan" last="Gambashidze">Ketevan Gambashidze</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho" sort="Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho" uniqKey="Gankpe F" first="Fortuné Gbètoho" last="Gankpé">Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia, Ana C" sort="Garcia, Ana C" uniqKey="Garcia A" first="Ana C" last="Garcia">Ana C. Garcia</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Geleijnse, Johanna M" sort="Geleijnse, Johanna M" uniqKey="Geleijnse J" first="Johanna M" last="Geleijnse">Johanna M. Geleijnse</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gibney, Katherine B" sort="Gibney, Katherine B" uniqKey="Gibney K" first="Katherine B" last="Gibney">Katherine B. Gibney</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Giroud, Maurice" sort="Giroud, Maurice" uniqKey="Giroud M" first="Maurice" last="Giroud">Maurice Giroud</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Glaser, Elizabeth L" sort="Glaser, Elizabeth L" uniqKey="Glaser E" first="Elizabeth L" last="Glaser">Elizabeth L. Glaser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goginashvili, Ketevan" sort="Goginashvili, Ketevan" uniqKey="Goginashvili K" first="Ketevan" last="Goginashvili">Ketevan Goginashvili</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gona, Philimon" sort="Gona, Philimon" uniqKey="Gona P" first="Philimon" last="Gona">Philimon Gona</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Castell, Dinorah" sort="Gonzalez Castell, Dinorah" uniqKey="Gonzalez Castell D" first="Dinorah" last="González-Castell">Dinorah González-Castell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goto, Atsushi" sort="Goto, Atsushi" uniqKey="Goto A" first="Atsushi" last="Goto">Atsushi Goto</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gouda, Hebe N" sort="Gouda, Hebe N" uniqKey="Gouda H" first="Hebe N" last="Gouda">Hebe N. Gouda</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gugnani, Harish Chander" sort="Gugnani, Harish Chander" uniqKey="Gugnani H" first="Harish Chander" last="Gugnani">Harish Chander Gugnani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gupta, Rahul" sort="Gupta, Rahul" uniqKey="Gupta R" first="Rahul" last="Gupta">Rahul Gupta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gupta, Rajeev" sort="Gupta, Rajeev" uniqKey="Gupta R" first="Rajeev" last="Gupta">Rajeev Gupta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hafezi Nejad, Nima" sort="Hafezi Nejad, Nima" uniqKey="Hafezi Nejad N" first="Nima" last="Hafezi-Nejad">Nima Hafezi-Nejad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi" sort="Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi" uniqKey="Hamadeh R" first="Randah Ribhi" last="Hamadeh">Randah Ribhi Hamadeh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hammami, Mouhanad" sort="Hammami, Mouhanad" uniqKey="Hammami M" first="Mouhanad" last="Hammami">Mouhanad Hammami</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hankey, Graeme J" sort="Hankey, Graeme J" uniqKey="Hankey G" first="Graeme J" last="Hankey">Graeme J. Hankey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Harb, Hilda L" sort="Harb, Hilda L" uniqKey="Harb H" first="Hilda L" last="Harb">Hilda L. Harb</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Havmoeller, Rasmus" sort="Havmoeller, Rasmus" uniqKey="Havmoeller R" first="Rasmus" last="Havmoeller">Rasmus Havmoeller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hay, Simon I" sort="Hay, Simon I" uniqKey="Hay S" first="Simon I" last="Hay">Simon I. Hay</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heredia Pi, Ileana B" sort="Heredia Pi, Ileana B" uniqKey="Heredia Pi I" first="Ileana B" last="Heredia Pi">Ileana B. Heredia Pi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoek, Hans W" sort="Hoek, Hans W" uniqKey="Hoek H" first="Hans W" last="Hoek">Hans W. Hoek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hosgood, H Dean" sort="Hosgood, H Dean" uniqKey="Hosgood H" first="H Dean" last="Hosgood">H Dean Hosgood</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoy, Damian G" sort="Hoy, Damian G" uniqKey="Hoy D" first="Damian G" last="Hoy">Damian G. Hoy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Husseini, Abdullatif" sort="Husseini, Abdullatif" uniqKey="Husseini A" first="Abdullatif" last="Husseini">Abdullatif Husseini</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Idrisov, Bulat T" sort="Idrisov, Bulat T" uniqKey="Idrisov B" first="Bulat T" last="Idrisov">Bulat T. Idrisov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Innos, Kaire" sort="Innos, Kaire" uniqKey="Innos K" first="Kaire" last="Innos">Kaire Innos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Inoue, Manami" sort="Inoue, Manami" uniqKey="Inoue M" first="Manami" last="Inoue">Manami Inoue</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jacobsen, Kathryn H" sort="Jacobsen, Kathryn H" uniqKey="Jacobsen K" first="Kathryn H" last="Jacobsen">Kathryn H. Jacobsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jahangir, Eiman" sort="Jahangir, Eiman" uniqKey="Jahangir E" first="Eiman" last="Jahangir">Eiman Jahangir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jee, Sun Ha" sort="Jee, Sun Ha" uniqKey="Jee S" first="Sun Ha" last="Jee">Sun Ha Jee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jensen, Paul N" sort="Jensen, Paul N" uniqKey="Jensen P" first="Paul N" last="Jensen">Paul N. Jensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jha, Vivekanand" sort="Jha, Vivekanand" uniqKey="Jha V" first="Vivekanand" last="Jha">Vivekanand Jha</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jiang, Guohong" sort="Jiang, Guohong" uniqKey="Jiang G" first="Guohong" last="Jiang">Guohong Jiang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jonas, Jost B" sort="Jonas, Jost B" uniqKey="Jonas J" first="Jost B" last="Jonas">Jost B. Jonas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Juel, Knud" sort="Juel, Knud" uniqKey="Juel K" first="Knud" last="Juel">Knud Juel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kabagambe, Edmond Kato" sort="Kabagambe, Edmond Kato" uniqKey="Kabagambe E" first="Edmond Kato" last="Kabagambe">Edmond Kato Kabagambe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kan, Haidong" sort="Kan, Haidong" uniqKey="Kan H" first="Haidong" last="Kan">Haidong Kan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karam, Nadim E" sort="Karam, Nadim E" uniqKey="Karam N" first="Nadim E" last="Karam">Nadim E. Karam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karch, Andre" sort="Karch, Andre" uniqKey="Karch A" first="André" last="Karch">André Karch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karema, Corine Kakizi" sort="Karema, Corine Kakizi" uniqKey="Karema C" first="Corine Kakizi" last="Karema">Corine Kakizi Karema</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaul, Anil" sort="Kaul, Anil" uniqKey="Kaul A" first="Anil" last="Kaul">Anil Kaul</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kawakami, Norito" sort="Kawakami, Norito" uniqKey="Kawakami N" first="Norito" last="Kawakami">Norito Kawakami</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kazanjan, Konstantin" sort="Kazanjan, Konstantin" uniqKey="Kazanjan K" first="Konstantin" last="Kazanjan">Konstantin Kazanjan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kazi, Dhruv S" sort="Kazi, Dhruv S" uniqKey="Kazi D" first="Dhruv S" last="Kazi">Dhruv S. Kazi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kemp, Andrew H" sort="Kemp, Andrew H" uniqKey="Kemp A" first="Andrew H" last="Kemp">Andrew H. Kemp</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kengne, Andre Pascal" sort="Kengne, Andre Pascal" uniqKey="Kengne A" first="Andre Pascal" last="Kengne">Andre Pascal Kengne</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kereselidze, Maia" sort="Kereselidze, Maia" uniqKey="Kereselidze M" first="Maia" last="Kereselidze">Maia Kereselidze</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khader, Yousef Saleh" sort="Khader, Yousef Saleh" uniqKey="Khader Y" first="Yousef Saleh" last="Khader">Yousef Saleh Khader</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan" sort="Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan" uniqKey="Khalifa S" first="Shams Eldin Ali Hassan" last="Khalifa">Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khan, Ejaz Ahmed" sort="Khan, Ejaz Ahmed" uniqKey="Khan E" first="Ejaz Ahmed" last="Khan">Ejaz Ahmed Khan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khang, Young Ho" sort="Khang, Young Ho" uniqKey="Khang Y" first="Young-Ho" last="Khang">Young-Ho Khang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Knibbs, Luke" sort="Knibbs, Luke" uniqKey="Knibbs L" first="Luke" last="Knibbs">Luke Knibbs</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kokubo, Yoshihiro" sort="Kokubo, Yoshihiro" uniqKey="Kokubo Y" first="Yoshihiro" last="Kokubo">Yoshihiro Kokubo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kosen, Soewarta" sort="Kosen, Soewarta" uniqKey="Kosen S" first="Soewarta" last="Kosen">Soewarta Kosen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Defo, Barthelemy Kuate" sort="Defo, Barthelemy Kuate" uniqKey="Defo B" first="Barthelemy Kuate" last="Defo">Barthelemy Kuate Defo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Chanda" sort="Kulkarni, Chanda" uniqKey="Kulkarni C" first="Chanda" last="Kulkarni">Chanda Kulkarni</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Veena S" sort="Kulkarni, Veena S" uniqKey="Kulkarni V" first="Veena S" last="Kulkarni">Veena S. Kulkarni</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, G Anil" sort="Kumar, G Anil" uniqKey="Kumar G" first="G Anil" last="Kumar">G Anil Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, Kaushalendra" sort="Kumar, Kaushalendra" uniqKey="Kumar K" first="Kaushalendra" last="Kumar">Kaushalendra Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, Ravi B" sort="Kumar, Ravi B" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="Ravi B" last="Kumar">Ravi B. Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kwan, Gene" sort="Kwan, Gene" uniqKey="Kwan G" first="Gene" last="Kwan">Gene Kwan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lai, Taavi" sort="Lai, Taavi" uniqKey="Lai T" first="Taavi" last="Lai">Taavi Lai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lalloo, Ratilal" sort="Lalloo, Ratilal" uniqKey="Lalloo R" first="Ratilal" last="Lalloo">Ratilal Lalloo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lam, Hilton" sort="Lam, Hilton" uniqKey="Lam H" first="Hilton" last="Lam">Hilton Lam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lansingh, Van C" sort="Lansingh, Van C" uniqKey="Lansingh V" first="Van C" last="Lansingh">Van C. Lansingh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Larsson, Anders" sort="Larsson, Anders" uniqKey="Larsson A" first="Anders" last="Larsson">Anders Larsson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Jong Tae" sort="Lee, Jong Tae" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jong-Tae" last="Lee">Jong-Tae Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leigh, James" sort="Leigh, James" uniqKey="Leigh J" first="James" last="Leigh">James Leigh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leinsalu, Mall" sort="Leinsalu, Mall" uniqKey="Leinsalu M" first="Mall" last="Leinsalu">Mall Leinsalu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leung, Ricky" sort="Leung, Ricky" uniqKey="Leung R" first="Ricky" last="Leung">Ricky Leung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Xiaohong" sort="Li, Xiaohong" uniqKey="Li X" first="Xiaohong" last="Li">Xiaohong Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yichong" sort="Li, Yichong" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yichong" last="Li">Yichong Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yongmei" sort="Li, Yongmei" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yongmei" last="Li">Yongmei Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liang, Juan" sort="Liang, Juan" uniqKey="Liang J" first="Juan" last="Liang">Juan Liang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liang, Xiaofeng" sort="Liang, Xiaofeng" uniqKey="Liang X" first="Xiaofeng" last="Liang">Xiaofeng Liang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lim, Stephen S" sort="Lim, Stephen S" uniqKey="Lim S" first="Stephen S" last="Lim">Stephen S. Lim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lin, Hsien Ho" sort="Lin, Hsien Ho" uniqKey="Lin H" first="Hsien-Ho" last="Lin">Hsien-Ho Lin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lipshultz, Steven E" sort="Lipshultz, Steven E" uniqKey="Lipshultz S" first="Steven E" last="Lipshultz">Steven E. Lipshultz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Shiwei" sort="Liu, Shiwei" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Shiwei" last="Liu">Shiwei Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Yang" sort="Liu, Yang" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yang" last="Liu">Yang Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lloyd, Belinda K" sort="Lloyd, Belinda K" uniqKey="Lloyd B" first="Belinda K" last="Lloyd">Belinda K. Lloyd</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="London, Stephanie J" sort="London, Stephanie J" uniqKey="London S" first="Stephanie J" last="London">Stephanie J. London</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lotufo, Paulo A" sort="Lotufo, Paulo A" uniqKey="Lotufo P" first="Paulo A" last="Lotufo">Paulo A. Lotufo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma, Jixiang" sort="Ma, Jixiang" uniqKey="Ma J" first="Jixiang" last="Ma">Jixiang Ma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma, Stefan" sort="Ma, Stefan" uniqKey="Ma S" first="Stefan" last="Ma">Stefan Ma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Machado, Vasco Manuel Pedro" sort="Machado, Vasco Manuel Pedro" uniqKey="Machado V" first="Vasco Manuel Pedro" last="Machado">Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mainoo, Nana Kwaku" sort="Mainoo, Nana Kwaku" uniqKey="Mainoo N" first="Nana Kwaku" last="Mainoo">Nana Kwaku Mainoo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Majdan, Marek" sort="Majdan, Marek" uniqKey="Majdan M" first="Marek" last="Majdan">Marek Majdan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mapoma, Christopher Chabila" sort="Mapoma, Christopher Chabila" uniqKey="Mapoma C" first="Christopher Chabila" last="Mapoma">Christopher Chabila Mapoma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marcenes, Wagner" sort="Marcenes, Wagner" uniqKey="Marcenes W" first="Wagner" last="Marcenes">Wagner Marcenes</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marzan, Melvin Barrientos" sort="Marzan, Melvin Barrientos" uniqKey="Marzan M" first="Melvin Barrientos" last="Marzan">Melvin Barrientos Marzan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mason Jones, Amanda J" sort="Mason Jones, Amanda J" uniqKey="Mason Jones A" first="Amanda J" last="Mason-Jones">Amanda J. Mason-Jones</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" sort="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" uniqKey="Mehndiratta M" first="Man Mohan" last="Mehndiratta">Man Mohan Mehndiratta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mejia Rodriguez, Fabiola" sort="Mejia Rodriguez, Fabiola" uniqKey="Mejia Rodriguez F" first="Fabiola" last="Mejia-Rodriguez">Fabiola Mejia-Rodriguez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A" last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mendoza, Walter" sort="Mendoza, Walter" uniqKey="Mendoza W" first="Walter" last="Mendoza">Walter Mendoza</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Miller, Ted R" sort="Miller, Ted R" uniqKey="Miller T" first="Ted R" last="Miller">Ted R. Miller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mills, Edward J" sort="Mills, Edward J" uniqKey="Mills E" first="Edward J" last="Mills">Edward J. Mills</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mokdad, Ali H" sort="Mokdad, Ali H" uniqKey="Mokdad A" first="Ali H" last="Mokdad">Ali H. Mokdad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mola, Glen Liddell" sort="Mola, Glen Liddell" uniqKey="Mola G" first="Glen Liddell" last="Mola">Glen Liddell Mola</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monasta, Lorenzo" sort="Monasta, Lorenzo" uniqKey="Monasta L" first="Lorenzo" last="Monasta">Lorenzo Monasta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De La Cruz Monis, Jonathan" sort="De La Cruz Monis, Jonathan" uniqKey="De La Cruz Monis J" first="Jonathan" last="De La Cruz Monis">Jonathan De La Cruz Monis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hernandez, Julio Cesar Monta Ez" sort="Hernandez, Julio Cesar Monta Ez" uniqKey="Hernandez J" first="Julio Cesar Monta Ez" last="Hernandez">Julio Cesar Monta Ez Hernandez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, Ami R" sort="Moore, Ami R" uniqKey="Moore A" first="Ami R" last="Moore">Ami R. Moore</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moradi Lakeh, Maziar" sort="Moradi Lakeh, Maziar" uniqKey="Moradi Lakeh M" first="Maziar" last="Moradi-Lakeh">Maziar Moradi-Lakeh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mori, Rintaro" sort="Mori, Rintaro" uniqKey="Mori R" first="Rintaro" last="Mori">Rintaro Mori</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mueller, Ulrich O" sort="Mueller, Ulrich O" uniqKey="Mueller U" first="Ulrich O" last="Mueller">Ulrich O. Mueller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mukaigawara, Mitsuru" sort="Mukaigawara, Mitsuru" uniqKey="Mukaigawara M" first="Mitsuru" last="Mukaigawara">Mitsuru Mukaigawara</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Naheed, Aliya" sort="Naheed, Aliya" uniqKey="Naheed A" first="Aliya" last="Naheed">Aliya Naheed</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Naidoo, Kovin S" sort="Naidoo, Kovin S" uniqKey="Naidoo K" first="Kovin S" last="Naidoo">Kovin S. Naidoo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nand, Devina" sort="Nand, Devina" uniqKey="Nand D" first="Devina" last="Nand">Devina Nand</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nangia, Vinay" sort="Nangia, Vinay" uniqKey="Nangia V" first="Vinay" last="Nangia">Vinay Nangia</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nash, Denis" sort="Nash, Denis" uniqKey="Nash D" first="Denis" last="Nash">Denis Nash</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nejjari, Chakib" sort="Nejjari, Chakib" uniqKey="Nejjari C" first="Chakib" last="Nejjari">Chakib Nejjari</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nelson, Robert G" sort="Nelson, Robert G" uniqKey="Nelson R" first="Robert G" last="Nelson">Robert G. Nelson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Neupane, Sudan Prasad" sort="Neupane, Sudan Prasad" uniqKey="Neupane S" first="Sudan Prasad" last="Neupane">Sudan Prasad Neupane</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Newton, Charles R" sort="Newton, Charles R" uniqKey="Newton C" first="Charles R" last="Newton">Charles R. Newton</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ng, Marie" sort="Ng, Marie" uniqKey="Ng M" first="Marie" last="Ng">Marie Ng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J" sort="Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J" uniqKey="Nieuwenhuijsen M" first="Mark J" last="Nieuwenhuijsen">Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nisar, Muhammad Imran" sort="Nisar, Muhammad Imran" uniqKey="Nisar M" first="Muhammad Imran" last="Nisar">Muhammad Imran Nisar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nolte, Sandra" sort="Nolte, Sandra" uniqKey="Nolte S" first="Sandra" last="Nolte">Sandra Nolte</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Norheim, Ole F" sort="Norheim, Ole F" uniqKey="Norheim O" first="Ole F" last="Norheim">Ole F. Norheim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nyakarahuka, Luke" sort="Nyakarahuka, Luke" uniqKey="Nyakarahuka L" first="Luke" last="Nyakarahuka">Luke Nyakarahuka</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oh, In Hwan" sort="Oh, In Hwan" uniqKey="Oh I" first="In-Hwan" last="Oh">In-Hwan Oh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" sort="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" uniqKey="Ohkubo T" first="Takayoshi" last="Ohkubo">Takayoshi Ohkubo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olusanya, Bolajoko O" sort="Olusanya, Bolajoko O" uniqKey="Olusanya B" first="Bolajoko O" last="Olusanya">Bolajoko O. Olusanya</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Omer, Saad B" sort="Omer, Saad B" uniqKey="Omer S" first="Saad B" last="Omer">Saad B. Omer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Opio, John Nelson" sort="Opio, John Nelson" uniqKey="Opio J" first="John Nelson" last="Opio">John Nelson Opio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Orisakwe, Orish Ebere" sort="Orisakwe, Orish Ebere" uniqKey="Orisakwe O" first="Orish Ebere" last="Orisakwe">Orish Ebere Orisakwe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pandian, Jeyaraj D" sort="Pandian, Jeyaraj D" uniqKey="Pandian J" first="Jeyaraj D" last="Pandian">Jeyaraj D. Pandian</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Papachristou, Christina" sort="Papachristou, Christina" uniqKey="Papachristou C" first="Christina" last="Papachristou">Christina Papachristou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Park, Jae Hyun" sort="Park, Jae Hyun" uniqKey="Park J" first="Jae-Hyun" last="Park">Jae-Hyun Park</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Caicedo, Angel J Paternina" sort="Caicedo, Angel J Paternina" uniqKey="Caicedo A" first="Angel J Paternina" last="Caicedo">Angel J Paternina Caicedo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Patten, Scott B" sort="Patten, Scott B" uniqKey="Patten S" first="Scott B" last="Patten">Scott B. Patten</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paul, Vinod K" sort="Paul, Vinod K" uniqKey="Paul V" first="Vinod K" last="Paul">Vinod K. Paul</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pavlin, Boris Igor" sort="Pavlin, Boris Igor" uniqKey="Pavlin B" first="Boris Igor" last="Pavlin">Boris Igor Pavlin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pearce, Neil" sort="Pearce, Neil" uniqKey="Pearce N" first="Neil" last="Pearce">Neil Pearce</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pereira, David M" sort="Pereira, David M" uniqKey="Pereira D" first="David M" last="Pereira">David M. Pereira</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pesudovs, Konrad" sort="Pesudovs, Konrad" uniqKey="Pesudovs K" first="Konrad" last="Pesudovs">Konrad Pesudovs</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petzold, Max" sort="Petzold, Max" uniqKey="Petzold M" first="Max" last="Petzold">Max Petzold</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poenaru, Dan" sort="Poenaru, Dan" uniqKey="Poenaru D" first="Dan" last="Poenaru">Dan Poenaru</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Polanczyk, Guilherme V" sort="Polanczyk, Guilherme V" uniqKey="Polanczyk G" first="Guilherme V" last="Polanczyk">Guilherme V. Polanczyk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Polinder, Suzanne" sort="Polinder, Suzanne" uniqKey="Polinder S" first="Suzanne" last="Polinder">Suzanne Polinder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pope, Dan" sort="Pope, Dan" uniqKey="Pope D" first="Dan" last="Pope">Dan Pope</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pourmalek, Farshad" sort="Pourmalek, Farshad" uniqKey="Pourmalek F" first="Farshad" last="Pourmalek">Farshad Pourmalek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qato, Dima" sort="Qato, Dima" uniqKey="Qato D" first="Dima" last="Qato">Dima Qato</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quistberg, D Alex" sort="Quistberg, D Alex" uniqKey="Quistberg D" first="D Alex" last="Quistberg">D Alex Quistberg</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rafay, Anwar" sort="Rafay, Anwar" uniqKey="Rafay A" first="Anwar" last="Rafay">Anwar Rafay</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahimi, Kazem" sort="Rahimi, Kazem" uniqKey="Rahimi K" first="Kazem" last="Rahimi">Kazem Rahimi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahimi Movaghar, Vafa" sort="Rahimi Movaghar, Vafa" uniqKey="Rahimi Movaghar V" first="Vafa" last="Rahimi-Movaghar">Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahman, Sajjad Ur" sort="Rahman, Sajjad Ur" uniqKey="Rahman S" first="Sajjad Ur" last="Rahman">Sajjad Ur Rahman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Raju, Murugesan" sort="Raju, Murugesan" uniqKey="Raju M" first="Murugesan" last="Raju">Murugesan Raju</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rana, Saleem M" sort="Rana, Saleem M" uniqKey="Rana S" first="Saleem M" last="Rana">Saleem M. Rana</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Refaat, Amany" sort="Refaat, Amany" uniqKey="Refaat A" first="Amany" last="Refaat">Amany Refaat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ronfani, Luca" sort="Ronfani, Luca" uniqKey="Ronfani L" first="Luca" last="Ronfani">Luca Ronfani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roy, Nobhojit" sort="Roy, Nobhojit" uniqKey="Roy N" first="Nobhojit" last="Roy">Nobhojit Roy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sanchez Pimienta, Tania Georgina" sort="Sanchez Pimienta, Tania Georgina" uniqKey="Sanchez Pimienta T" first="Tania Georgina" last="Sánchez Pimienta">Tania Georgina Sánchez Pimienta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sahraian, Mohammad Ali" sort="Sahraian, Mohammad Ali" uniqKey="Sahraian M" first="Mohammad Ali" last="Sahraian">Mohammad Ali Sahraian</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Salomon, Joshua A" sort="Salomon, Joshua A" uniqKey="Salomon J" first="Joshua A" last="Salomon">Joshua A. Salomon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sampson, Uchechukwu" sort="Sampson, Uchechukwu" uniqKey="Sampson U" first="Uchechukwu" last="Sampson">Uchechukwu Sampson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Santos, Itamar S" sort="Santos, Itamar S" uniqKey="Santos I" first="Itamar S" last="Santos">Itamar S. Santos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sawhney, Monika" sort="Sawhney, Monika" uniqKey="Sawhney M" first="Monika" last="Sawhney">Monika Sawhney</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sayinzoga, Felix" sort="Sayinzoga, Felix" uniqKey="Sayinzoga F" first="Felix" last="Sayinzoga">Felix Sayinzoga</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schneider, Ione J C" sort="Schneider, Ione J C" uniqKey="Schneider I" first="Ione J C" last="Schneider">Ione J C. Schneider</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schumacher, Austin" sort="Schumacher, Austin" uniqKey="Schumacher A" first="Austin" last="Schumacher">Austin Schumacher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schwebel, David C" sort="Schwebel, David C" uniqKey="Schwebel D" first="David C" last="Schwebel">David C. Schwebel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Seedat, Soraya" sort="Seedat, Soraya" uniqKey="Seedat S" first="Soraya" last="Seedat">Soraya Seedat</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Shakh Nazarova, Marina" sort="Shakh Nazarova, Marina" uniqKey="Shakh Nazarova M" first="Marina" last="Shakh-Nazarova">Marina Shakh-Nazarova</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Sheikhbahaei, Sara" sort="Sheikhbahaei, Sara" uniqKey="Sheikhbahaei S" first="Sara" last="Sheikhbahaei">Sara Sheikhbahaei</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shibuya, Kenji" sort="Shibuya, Kenji" uniqKey="Shibuya K" first="Kenji" last="Shibuya">Kenji Shibuya</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shin, Hwashin Hyun" sort="Shin, Hwashin Hyun" uniqKey="Shin H" first="Hwashin Hyun" last="Shin">Hwashin Hyun Shin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shiue, Ivy" sort="Shiue, Ivy" uniqKey="Shiue I" first="Ivy" last="Shiue">Ivy Shiue</name>
</author>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Silberberg, Donald H" sort="Silberberg, Donald H" uniqKey="Silberberg D" first="Donald H" last="Silberberg">Donald H. Silberberg</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Silva, Andrea P" sort="Silva, Andrea P" uniqKey="Silva A" first="Andrea P" last="Silva">Andrea P. Silva</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Soshnikov, Sergey S" sort="Soshnikov, Sergey S" uniqKey="Soshnikov S" first="Sergey S" last="Soshnikov">Sergey S. Soshnikov</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Sposato, Luciano A" sort="Sposato, Luciano A" uniqKey="Sposato L" first="Luciano A" last="Sposato">Luciano A. Sposato</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Teixeira, Carolina Maria" sort="Teixeira, Carolina Maria" uniqKey="Teixeira C" first="Carolina Maria" last="Teixeira">Carolina Maria Teixeira</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhu, Jun" sort="Zhu, Jun" uniqKey="Zhu J" first="Jun" last="Zhu">Jun Zhu</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zou, Xiao Nong" sort="Zou, Xiao Nong" uniqKey="Zou X" first="Xiao Nong" last="Zou">Xiao Nong Zou</name>
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</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">24797575</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4255481</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4255481</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4255481</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60696-6</idno>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001B50</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001B50</idno>
</publicationStmt>
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<author><name sortKey="Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic" sort="Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic" uniqKey="Arsenijevic V" first="Valentina S Arsic" last="Arsenijevic">Valentina S Arsic Arsenijevic</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Artaman, Ali" sort="Artaman, Ali" uniqKey="Artaman A" first="Ali" last="Artaman">Ali Artaman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Asad, Majed Masoud" sort="Asad, Majed Masoud" uniqKey="Asad M" first="Majed Masoud" last="Asad">Majed Masoud Asad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Asghar, Rana J" sort="Asghar, Rana J" uniqKey="Asghar R" first="Rana J" last="Asghar">Rana J. Asghar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Assadi, Reza" sort="Assadi, Reza" uniqKey="Assadi R" first="Reza" last="Assadi">Reza Assadi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Atkins, Lydia S" sort="Atkins, Lydia S" uniqKey="Atkins L" first="Lydia S" last="Atkins">Lydia S. Atkins</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Badawi, Alaa" sort="Badawi, Alaa" uniqKey="Badawi A" first="Alaa" last="Badawi">Alaa Badawi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Balakrishnan, Kalpana" sort="Balakrishnan, Kalpana" uniqKey="Balakrishnan K" first="Kalpana" last="Balakrishnan">Kalpana Balakrishnan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Basu, Arindam" sort="Basu, Arindam" uniqKey="Basu A" first="Arindam" last="Basu">Arindam Basu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Basu, Sanjay" sort="Basu, Sanjay" uniqKey="Basu S" first="Sanjay" last="Basu">Sanjay Basu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Beardsley, Justin" sort="Beardsley, Justin" uniqKey="Beardsley J" first="Justin" last="Beardsley">Justin Beardsley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bedi, Neeraj" sort="Bedi, Neeraj" uniqKey="Bedi N" first="Neeraj" last="Bedi">Neeraj Bedi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bekele, Tolesa" sort="Bekele, Tolesa" uniqKey="Bekele T" first="Tolesa" last="Bekele">Tolesa Bekele</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bell, Michelle L" sort="Bell, Michelle L" uniqKey="Bell M" first="Michelle L" last="Bell">Michelle L. Bell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bernabe, Eduardo" sort="Bernabe, Eduardo" uniqKey="Bernabe E" first="Eduardo" last="Bernabe">Eduardo Bernabe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Beyene, Tariku J" sort="Beyene, Tariku J" uniqKey="Beyene T" first="Tariku J" last="Beyene">Tariku J. Beyene</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bhutta, Zulfiqar" sort="Bhutta, Zulfiqar" uniqKey="Bhutta Z" first="Zulfiqar" last="Bhutta">Zulfiqar Bhutta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abdulhak, Aref Bin" sort="Abdulhak, Aref Bin" uniqKey="Abdulhak A" first="Aref Bin" last="Abdulhak">Aref Bin Abdulhak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Blore, Jed D" sort="Blore, Jed D" uniqKey="Blore J" first="Jed D" last="Blore">Jed D. Blore</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Basara, Berrak Bora" sort="Basara, Berrak Bora" uniqKey="Basara B" first="Berrak Bora" last="Basara">Berrak Bora Basara</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bose, Dipan" sort="Bose, Dipan" uniqKey="Bose D" first="Dipan" last="Bose">Dipan Bose</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Breitborde, Nicholas" sort="Breitborde, Nicholas" uniqKey="Breitborde N" first="Nicholas" last="Breitborde">Nicholas Breitborde</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cardenas, Rosario" sort="Cardenas, Rosario" uniqKey="Cardenas R" first="Rosario" last="Cárdenas">Rosario Cárdenas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Casta Eda Orjuela, Carlos A" sort="Casta Eda Orjuela, Carlos A" uniqKey="Casta Eda Orjuela C" first="Carlos A" last="Casta Eda-Orjuela">Carlos A. Casta Eda-Orjuela</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Castro, Ruben Estanislao" sort="Castro, Ruben Estanislao" uniqKey="Castro R" first="Ruben Estanislao" last="Castro">Ruben Estanislao Castro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Catala L Pez, Ferran" sort="Catala L Pez, Ferran" uniqKey="Catala L Pez F" first="Ferrán" last="Catalá-L Pez">Ferrán Catalá-L Pez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cavlin, Alanur" sort="Cavlin, Alanur" uniqKey="Cavlin A" first="Alanur" last="Cavlin">Alanur Cavlin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chang, Jung Chen" sort="Chang, Jung Chen" uniqKey="Chang J" first="Jung-Chen" last="Chang">Jung-Chen Chang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Che, Xuan" sort="Che, Xuan" uniqKey="Che X" first="Xuan" last="Che">Xuan Che</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christophi, Costas A" sort="Christophi, Costas A" uniqKey="Christophi C" first="Costas A" last="Christophi">Costas A. Christophi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chugh, Sumeet S" sort="Chugh, Sumeet S" uniqKey="Chugh S" first="Sumeet S" last="Chugh">Sumeet S. Chugh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cirillo, Massimo" sort="Cirillo, Massimo" uniqKey="Cirillo M" first="Massimo" last="Cirillo">Massimo Cirillo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Colquhoun, Samantha M" sort="Colquhoun, Samantha M" uniqKey="Colquhoun S" first="Samantha M" last="Colquhoun">Samantha M. Colquhoun</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cooper, Leslie Trumbull" sort="Cooper, Leslie Trumbull" uniqKey="Cooper L" first="Leslie Trumbull" last="Cooper">Leslie Trumbull Cooper</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cooper, Cyrus" sort="Cooper, Cyrus" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Cyrus" last="Cooper">Cyrus Cooper</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Da Costa Leite, Iuri" sort="Da Costa Leite, Iuri" uniqKey="Da Costa Leite I" first="Iuri" last="Da Costa Leite">Iuri Da Costa Leite</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dandona, Lalit" sort="Dandona, Lalit" uniqKey="Dandona L" first="Lalit" last="Dandona">Lalit Dandona</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dandona, Rakhi" sort="Dandona, Rakhi" uniqKey="Dandona R" first="Rakhi" last="Dandona">Rakhi Dandona</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Davis, Adrian" sort="Davis, Adrian" uniqKey="Davis A" first="Adrian" last="Davis">Adrian Davis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dayama, Anand" sort="Dayama, Anand" uniqKey="Dayama A" first="Anand" last="Dayama">Anand Dayama</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Louisa" sort="Degenhardt, Louisa" uniqKey="Degenhardt L" first="Louisa" last="Degenhardt">Louisa Degenhardt</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Leo, Diego" sort="De Leo, Diego" uniqKey="De Leo D" first="Diego" last="De Leo">Diego De Leo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Del Pozo Cruz, Borja" sort="Del Pozo Cruz, Borja" uniqKey="Del Pozo Cruz B" first="Borja" last="Del Pozo-Cruz">Borja Del Pozo-Cruz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deribe, Kebede" sort="Deribe, Kebede" uniqKey="Deribe K" first="Kebede" last="Deribe">Kebede Deribe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dessalegn, Muluken" sort="Dessalegn, Muluken" uniqKey="Dessalegn M" first="Muluken" last="Dessalegn">Muluken Dessalegn</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deveber, Gabrielle A" sort="Deveber, Gabrielle A" uniqKey="Deveber G" first="Gabrielle A" last="Deveber">Gabrielle A. Deveber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dharmaratne, Samath D" sort="Dharmaratne, Samath D" uniqKey="Dharmaratne S" first="Samath D" last="Dharmaratne">Samath D. Dharmaratne</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dilmen, U Ur" sort="Dilmen, U Ur" uniqKey="Dilmen U" first="U Ur" last="Dilmen">U Ur Dilmen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ding, Eric L" sort="Ding, Eric L" uniqKey="Ding E" first="Eric L" last="Ding">Eric L. Ding</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dorrington, Rob E" sort="Dorrington, Rob E" uniqKey="Dorrington R" first="Rob E" last="Dorrington">Rob E. Dorrington</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Driscoll, Tim R" sort="Driscoll, Tim R" uniqKey="Driscoll T" first="Tim R" last="Driscoll">Tim R. Driscoll</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ermakov, Sergei Petrovich" sort="Ermakov, Sergei Petrovich" uniqKey="Ermakov S" first="Sergei Petrovich" last="Ermakov">Sergei Petrovich Ermakov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Esteghamati, Alireza" sort="Esteghamati, Alireza" uniqKey="Esteghamati A" first="Alireza" last="Esteghamati">Alireza Esteghamati</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Faraon, Emerito Jose A" sort="Faraon, Emerito Jose A" uniqKey="Faraon E" first="Emerito Jose A" last="Faraon">Emerito Jose A. Faraon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Farzadfar, Farshad" sort="Farzadfar, Farshad" uniqKey="Farzadfar F" first="Farshad" last="Farzadfar">Farshad Farzadfar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Felicio, Manuela Mendonca" sort="Felicio, Manuela Mendonca" uniqKey="Felicio M" first="Manuela Mendonca" last="Felicio">Manuela Mendonca Felicio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad" sort="Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad" uniqKey="Fereshtehnejad S" first="Seyed-Mohammad" last="Fereshtehnejad">Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Lima, Graca Maria Ferreira" sort="De Lima, Graca Maria Ferreira" uniqKey="De Lima G" first="Graça Maria Ferreira" last="De Lima">Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" sort="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" uniqKey="Forouzanfar M" first="Mohammad H" last="Forouzanfar">Mohammad H. Forouzanfar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Franca, Elisabeth B" sort="Franca, Elisabeth B" uniqKey="Franca E" first="Elisabeth B" last="França">Elisabeth B. França</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gaffikin, Lynne" sort="Gaffikin, Lynne" uniqKey="Gaffikin L" first="Lynne" last="Gaffikin">Lynne Gaffikin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gambashidze, Ketevan" sort="Gambashidze, Ketevan" uniqKey="Gambashidze K" first="Ketevan" last="Gambashidze">Ketevan Gambashidze</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho" sort="Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho" uniqKey="Gankpe F" first="Fortuné Gbètoho" last="Gankpé">Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia, Ana C" sort="Garcia, Ana C" uniqKey="Garcia A" first="Ana C" last="Garcia">Ana C. Garcia</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Geleijnse, Johanna M" sort="Geleijnse, Johanna M" uniqKey="Geleijnse J" first="Johanna M" last="Geleijnse">Johanna M. Geleijnse</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gibney, Katherine B" sort="Gibney, Katherine B" uniqKey="Gibney K" first="Katherine B" last="Gibney">Katherine B. Gibney</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Giroud, Maurice" sort="Giroud, Maurice" uniqKey="Giroud M" first="Maurice" last="Giroud">Maurice Giroud</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Glaser, Elizabeth L" sort="Glaser, Elizabeth L" uniqKey="Glaser E" first="Elizabeth L" last="Glaser">Elizabeth L. Glaser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goginashvili, Ketevan" sort="Goginashvili, Ketevan" uniqKey="Goginashvili K" first="Ketevan" last="Goginashvili">Ketevan Goginashvili</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gona, Philimon" sort="Gona, Philimon" uniqKey="Gona P" first="Philimon" last="Gona">Philimon Gona</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Castell, Dinorah" sort="Gonzalez Castell, Dinorah" uniqKey="Gonzalez Castell D" first="Dinorah" last="González-Castell">Dinorah González-Castell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goto, Atsushi" sort="Goto, Atsushi" uniqKey="Goto A" first="Atsushi" last="Goto">Atsushi Goto</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gouda, Hebe N" sort="Gouda, Hebe N" uniqKey="Gouda H" first="Hebe N" last="Gouda">Hebe N. Gouda</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gugnani, Harish Chander" sort="Gugnani, Harish Chander" uniqKey="Gugnani H" first="Harish Chander" last="Gugnani">Harish Chander Gugnani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gupta, Rahul" sort="Gupta, Rahul" uniqKey="Gupta R" first="Rahul" last="Gupta">Rahul Gupta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gupta, Rajeev" sort="Gupta, Rajeev" uniqKey="Gupta R" first="Rajeev" last="Gupta">Rajeev Gupta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hafezi Nejad, Nima" sort="Hafezi Nejad, Nima" uniqKey="Hafezi Nejad N" first="Nima" last="Hafezi-Nejad">Nima Hafezi-Nejad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi" sort="Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi" uniqKey="Hamadeh R" first="Randah Ribhi" last="Hamadeh">Randah Ribhi Hamadeh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hammami, Mouhanad" sort="Hammami, Mouhanad" uniqKey="Hammami M" first="Mouhanad" last="Hammami">Mouhanad Hammami</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hankey, Graeme J" sort="Hankey, Graeme J" uniqKey="Hankey G" first="Graeme J" last="Hankey">Graeme J. Hankey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Harb, Hilda L" sort="Harb, Hilda L" uniqKey="Harb H" first="Hilda L" last="Harb">Hilda L. Harb</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Havmoeller, Rasmus" sort="Havmoeller, Rasmus" uniqKey="Havmoeller R" first="Rasmus" last="Havmoeller">Rasmus Havmoeller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hay, Simon I" sort="Hay, Simon I" uniqKey="Hay S" first="Simon I" last="Hay">Simon I. Hay</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heredia Pi, Ileana B" sort="Heredia Pi, Ileana B" uniqKey="Heredia Pi I" first="Ileana B" last="Heredia Pi">Ileana B. Heredia Pi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoek, Hans W" sort="Hoek, Hans W" uniqKey="Hoek H" first="Hans W" last="Hoek">Hans W. Hoek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hosgood, H Dean" sort="Hosgood, H Dean" uniqKey="Hosgood H" first="H Dean" last="Hosgood">H Dean Hosgood</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoy, Damian G" sort="Hoy, Damian G" uniqKey="Hoy D" first="Damian G" last="Hoy">Damian G. Hoy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Husseini, Abdullatif" sort="Husseini, Abdullatif" uniqKey="Husseini A" first="Abdullatif" last="Husseini">Abdullatif Husseini</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Idrisov, Bulat T" sort="Idrisov, Bulat T" uniqKey="Idrisov B" first="Bulat T" last="Idrisov">Bulat T. Idrisov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Innos, Kaire" sort="Innos, Kaire" uniqKey="Innos K" first="Kaire" last="Innos">Kaire Innos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Inoue, Manami" sort="Inoue, Manami" uniqKey="Inoue M" first="Manami" last="Inoue">Manami Inoue</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jacobsen, Kathryn H" sort="Jacobsen, Kathryn H" uniqKey="Jacobsen K" first="Kathryn H" last="Jacobsen">Kathryn H. Jacobsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jahangir, Eiman" sort="Jahangir, Eiman" uniqKey="Jahangir E" first="Eiman" last="Jahangir">Eiman Jahangir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jee, Sun Ha" sort="Jee, Sun Ha" uniqKey="Jee S" first="Sun Ha" last="Jee">Sun Ha Jee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jensen, Paul N" sort="Jensen, Paul N" uniqKey="Jensen P" first="Paul N" last="Jensen">Paul N. Jensen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jha, Vivekanand" sort="Jha, Vivekanand" uniqKey="Jha V" first="Vivekanand" last="Jha">Vivekanand Jha</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jiang, Guohong" sort="Jiang, Guohong" uniqKey="Jiang G" first="Guohong" last="Jiang">Guohong Jiang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jonas, Jost B" sort="Jonas, Jost B" uniqKey="Jonas J" first="Jost B" last="Jonas">Jost B. Jonas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Juel, Knud" sort="Juel, Knud" uniqKey="Juel K" first="Knud" last="Juel">Knud Juel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kabagambe, Edmond Kato" sort="Kabagambe, Edmond Kato" uniqKey="Kabagambe E" first="Edmond Kato" last="Kabagambe">Edmond Kato Kabagambe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kan, Haidong" sort="Kan, Haidong" uniqKey="Kan H" first="Haidong" last="Kan">Haidong Kan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karam, Nadim E" sort="Karam, Nadim E" uniqKey="Karam N" first="Nadim E" last="Karam">Nadim E. Karam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karch, Andre" sort="Karch, Andre" uniqKey="Karch A" first="André" last="Karch">André Karch</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karema, Corine Kakizi" sort="Karema, Corine Kakizi" uniqKey="Karema C" first="Corine Kakizi" last="Karema">Corine Kakizi Karema</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaul, Anil" sort="Kaul, Anil" uniqKey="Kaul A" first="Anil" last="Kaul">Anil Kaul</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kawakami, Norito" sort="Kawakami, Norito" uniqKey="Kawakami N" first="Norito" last="Kawakami">Norito Kawakami</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kazanjan, Konstantin" sort="Kazanjan, Konstantin" uniqKey="Kazanjan K" first="Konstantin" last="Kazanjan">Konstantin Kazanjan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kazi, Dhruv S" sort="Kazi, Dhruv S" uniqKey="Kazi D" first="Dhruv S" last="Kazi">Dhruv S. Kazi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kemp, Andrew H" sort="Kemp, Andrew H" uniqKey="Kemp A" first="Andrew H" last="Kemp">Andrew H. Kemp</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kengne, Andre Pascal" sort="Kengne, Andre Pascal" uniqKey="Kengne A" first="Andre Pascal" last="Kengne">Andre Pascal Kengne</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kereselidze, Maia" sort="Kereselidze, Maia" uniqKey="Kereselidze M" first="Maia" last="Kereselidze">Maia Kereselidze</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khader, Yousef Saleh" sort="Khader, Yousef Saleh" uniqKey="Khader Y" first="Yousef Saleh" last="Khader">Yousef Saleh Khader</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan" sort="Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan" uniqKey="Khalifa S" first="Shams Eldin Ali Hassan" last="Khalifa">Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khan, Ejaz Ahmed" sort="Khan, Ejaz Ahmed" uniqKey="Khan E" first="Ejaz Ahmed" last="Khan">Ejaz Ahmed Khan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khang, Young Ho" sort="Khang, Young Ho" uniqKey="Khang Y" first="Young-Ho" last="Khang">Young-Ho Khang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Knibbs, Luke" sort="Knibbs, Luke" uniqKey="Knibbs L" first="Luke" last="Knibbs">Luke Knibbs</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kokubo, Yoshihiro" sort="Kokubo, Yoshihiro" uniqKey="Kokubo Y" first="Yoshihiro" last="Kokubo">Yoshihiro Kokubo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kosen, Soewarta" sort="Kosen, Soewarta" uniqKey="Kosen S" first="Soewarta" last="Kosen">Soewarta Kosen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Defo, Barthelemy Kuate" sort="Defo, Barthelemy Kuate" uniqKey="Defo B" first="Barthelemy Kuate" last="Defo">Barthelemy Kuate Defo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Chanda" sort="Kulkarni, Chanda" uniqKey="Kulkarni C" first="Chanda" last="Kulkarni">Chanda Kulkarni</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Veena S" sort="Kulkarni, Veena S" uniqKey="Kulkarni V" first="Veena S" last="Kulkarni">Veena S. Kulkarni</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, G Anil" sort="Kumar, G Anil" uniqKey="Kumar G" first="G Anil" last="Kumar">G Anil Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, Kaushalendra" sort="Kumar, Kaushalendra" uniqKey="Kumar K" first="Kaushalendra" last="Kumar">Kaushalendra Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, Ravi B" sort="Kumar, Ravi B" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="Ravi B" last="Kumar">Ravi B. Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kwan, Gene" sort="Kwan, Gene" uniqKey="Kwan G" first="Gene" last="Kwan">Gene Kwan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lai, Taavi" sort="Lai, Taavi" uniqKey="Lai T" first="Taavi" last="Lai">Taavi Lai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lalloo, Ratilal" sort="Lalloo, Ratilal" uniqKey="Lalloo R" first="Ratilal" last="Lalloo">Ratilal Lalloo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lam, Hilton" sort="Lam, Hilton" uniqKey="Lam H" first="Hilton" last="Lam">Hilton Lam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lansingh, Van C" sort="Lansingh, Van C" uniqKey="Lansingh V" first="Van C" last="Lansingh">Van C. Lansingh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Larsson, Anders" sort="Larsson, Anders" uniqKey="Larsson A" first="Anders" last="Larsson">Anders Larsson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Jong Tae" sort="Lee, Jong Tae" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jong-Tae" last="Lee">Jong-Tae Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leigh, James" sort="Leigh, James" uniqKey="Leigh J" first="James" last="Leigh">James Leigh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leinsalu, Mall" sort="Leinsalu, Mall" uniqKey="Leinsalu M" first="Mall" last="Leinsalu">Mall Leinsalu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leung, Ricky" sort="Leung, Ricky" uniqKey="Leung R" first="Ricky" last="Leung">Ricky Leung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Xiaohong" sort="Li, Xiaohong" uniqKey="Li X" first="Xiaohong" last="Li">Xiaohong Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yichong" sort="Li, Yichong" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yichong" last="Li">Yichong Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yongmei" sort="Li, Yongmei" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yongmei" last="Li">Yongmei Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liang, Juan" sort="Liang, Juan" uniqKey="Liang J" first="Juan" last="Liang">Juan Liang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liang, Xiaofeng" sort="Liang, Xiaofeng" uniqKey="Liang X" first="Xiaofeng" last="Liang">Xiaofeng Liang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lim, Stephen S" sort="Lim, Stephen S" uniqKey="Lim S" first="Stephen S" last="Lim">Stephen S. Lim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lin, Hsien Ho" sort="Lin, Hsien Ho" uniqKey="Lin H" first="Hsien-Ho" last="Lin">Hsien-Ho Lin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lipshultz, Steven E" sort="Lipshultz, Steven E" uniqKey="Lipshultz S" first="Steven E" last="Lipshultz">Steven E. Lipshultz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Shiwei" sort="Liu, Shiwei" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Shiwei" last="Liu">Shiwei Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Yang" sort="Liu, Yang" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yang" last="Liu">Yang Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lloyd, Belinda K" sort="Lloyd, Belinda K" uniqKey="Lloyd B" first="Belinda K" last="Lloyd">Belinda K. Lloyd</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="London, Stephanie J" sort="London, Stephanie J" uniqKey="London S" first="Stephanie J" last="London">Stephanie J. London</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lotufo, Paulo A" sort="Lotufo, Paulo A" uniqKey="Lotufo P" first="Paulo A" last="Lotufo">Paulo A. Lotufo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma, Jixiang" sort="Ma, Jixiang" uniqKey="Ma J" first="Jixiang" last="Ma">Jixiang Ma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma, Stefan" sort="Ma, Stefan" uniqKey="Ma S" first="Stefan" last="Ma">Stefan Ma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Machado, Vasco Manuel Pedro" sort="Machado, Vasco Manuel Pedro" uniqKey="Machado V" first="Vasco Manuel Pedro" last="Machado">Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mainoo, Nana Kwaku" sort="Mainoo, Nana Kwaku" uniqKey="Mainoo N" first="Nana Kwaku" last="Mainoo">Nana Kwaku Mainoo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Majdan, Marek" sort="Majdan, Marek" uniqKey="Majdan M" first="Marek" last="Majdan">Marek Majdan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mapoma, Christopher Chabila" sort="Mapoma, Christopher Chabila" uniqKey="Mapoma C" first="Christopher Chabila" last="Mapoma">Christopher Chabila Mapoma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marcenes, Wagner" sort="Marcenes, Wagner" uniqKey="Marcenes W" first="Wagner" last="Marcenes">Wagner Marcenes</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marzan, Melvin Barrientos" sort="Marzan, Melvin Barrientos" uniqKey="Marzan M" first="Melvin Barrientos" last="Marzan">Melvin Barrientos Marzan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mason Jones, Amanda J" sort="Mason Jones, Amanda J" uniqKey="Mason Jones A" first="Amanda J" last="Mason-Jones">Amanda J. Mason-Jones</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" sort="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" uniqKey="Mehndiratta M" first="Man Mohan" last="Mehndiratta">Man Mohan Mehndiratta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mejia Rodriguez, Fabiola" sort="Mejia Rodriguez, Fabiola" uniqKey="Mejia Rodriguez F" first="Fabiola" last="Mejia-Rodriguez">Fabiola Mejia-Rodriguez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A" last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mendoza, Walter" sort="Mendoza, Walter" uniqKey="Mendoza W" first="Walter" last="Mendoza">Walter Mendoza</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Miller, Ted R" sort="Miller, Ted R" uniqKey="Miller T" first="Ted R" last="Miller">Ted R. Miller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mills, Edward J" sort="Mills, Edward J" uniqKey="Mills E" first="Edward J" last="Mills">Edward J. Mills</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mokdad, Ali H" sort="Mokdad, Ali H" uniqKey="Mokdad A" first="Ali H" last="Mokdad">Ali H. Mokdad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mola, Glen Liddell" sort="Mola, Glen Liddell" uniqKey="Mola G" first="Glen Liddell" last="Mola">Glen Liddell Mola</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monasta, Lorenzo" sort="Monasta, Lorenzo" uniqKey="Monasta L" first="Lorenzo" last="Monasta">Lorenzo Monasta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De La Cruz Monis, Jonathan" sort="De La Cruz Monis, Jonathan" uniqKey="De La Cruz Monis J" first="Jonathan" last="De La Cruz Monis">Jonathan De La Cruz Monis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hernandez, Julio Cesar Monta Ez" sort="Hernandez, Julio Cesar Monta Ez" uniqKey="Hernandez J" first="Julio Cesar Monta Ez" last="Hernandez">Julio Cesar Monta Ez Hernandez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, Ami R" sort="Moore, Ami R" uniqKey="Moore A" first="Ami R" last="Moore">Ami R. Moore</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moradi Lakeh, Maziar" sort="Moradi Lakeh, Maziar" uniqKey="Moradi Lakeh M" first="Maziar" last="Moradi-Lakeh">Maziar Moradi-Lakeh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mori, Rintaro" sort="Mori, Rintaro" uniqKey="Mori R" first="Rintaro" last="Mori">Rintaro Mori</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mueller, Ulrich O" sort="Mueller, Ulrich O" uniqKey="Mueller U" first="Ulrich O" last="Mueller">Ulrich O. Mueller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mukaigawara, Mitsuru" sort="Mukaigawara, Mitsuru" uniqKey="Mukaigawara M" first="Mitsuru" last="Mukaigawara">Mitsuru Mukaigawara</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Naheed, Aliya" sort="Naheed, Aliya" uniqKey="Naheed A" first="Aliya" last="Naheed">Aliya Naheed</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Naidoo, Kovin S" sort="Naidoo, Kovin S" uniqKey="Naidoo K" first="Kovin S" last="Naidoo">Kovin S. Naidoo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nand, Devina" sort="Nand, Devina" uniqKey="Nand D" first="Devina" last="Nand">Devina Nand</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nangia, Vinay" sort="Nangia, Vinay" uniqKey="Nangia V" first="Vinay" last="Nangia">Vinay Nangia</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nash, Denis" sort="Nash, Denis" uniqKey="Nash D" first="Denis" last="Nash">Denis Nash</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nejjari, Chakib" sort="Nejjari, Chakib" uniqKey="Nejjari C" first="Chakib" last="Nejjari">Chakib Nejjari</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nelson, Robert G" sort="Nelson, Robert G" uniqKey="Nelson R" first="Robert G" last="Nelson">Robert G. Nelson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Neupane, Sudan Prasad" sort="Neupane, Sudan Prasad" uniqKey="Neupane S" first="Sudan Prasad" last="Neupane">Sudan Prasad Neupane</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Newton, Charles R" sort="Newton, Charles R" uniqKey="Newton C" first="Charles R" last="Newton">Charles R. Newton</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ng, Marie" sort="Ng, Marie" uniqKey="Ng M" first="Marie" last="Ng">Marie Ng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J" sort="Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J" uniqKey="Nieuwenhuijsen M" first="Mark J" last="Nieuwenhuijsen">Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nisar, Muhammad Imran" sort="Nisar, Muhammad Imran" uniqKey="Nisar M" first="Muhammad Imran" last="Nisar">Muhammad Imran Nisar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nolte, Sandra" sort="Nolte, Sandra" uniqKey="Nolte S" first="Sandra" last="Nolte">Sandra Nolte</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Norheim, Ole F" sort="Norheim, Ole F" uniqKey="Norheim O" first="Ole F" last="Norheim">Ole F. Norheim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nyakarahuka, Luke" sort="Nyakarahuka, Luke" uniqKey="Nyakarahuka L" first="Luke" last="Nyakarahuka">Luke Nyakarahuka</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oh, In Hwan" sort="Oh, In Hwan" uniqKey="Oh I" first="In-Hwan" last="Oh">In-Hwan Oh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" sort="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" uniqKey="Ohkubo T" first="Takayoshi" last="Ohkubo">Takayoshi Ohkubo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Olusanya, Bolajoko O" sort="Olusanya, Bolajoko O" uniqKey="Olusanya B" first="Bolajoko O" last="Olusanya">Bolajoko O. Olusanya</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Omer, Saad B" sort="Omer, Saad B" uniqKey="Omer S" first="Saad B" last="Omer">Saad B. Omer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Opio, John Nelson" sort="Opio, John Nelson" uniqKey="Opio J" first="John Nelson" last="Opio">John Nelson Opio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Orisakwe, Orish Ebere" sort="Orisakwe, Orish Ebere" uniqKey="Orisakwe O" first="Orish Ebere" last="Orisakwe">Orish Ebere Orisakwe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pandian, Jeyaraj D" sort="Pandian, Jeyaraj D" uniqKey="Pandian J" first="Jeyaraj D" last="Pandian">Jeyaraj D. Pandian</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Papachristou, Christina" sort="Papachristou, Christina" uniqKey="Papachristou C" first="Christina" last="Papachristou">Christina Papachristou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Park, Jae Hyun" sort="Park, Jae Hyun" uniqKey="Park J" first="Jae-Hyun" last="Park">Jae-Hyun Park</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Caicedo, Angel J Paternina" sort="Caicedo, Angel J Paternina" uniqKey="Caicedo A" first="Angel J Paternina" last="Caicedo">Angel J Paternina Caicedo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Patten, Scott B" sort="Patten, Scott B" uniqKey="Patten S" first="Scott B" last="Patten">Scott B. Patten</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paul, Vinod K" sort="Paul, Vinod K" uniqKey="Paul V" first="Vinod K" last="Paul">Vinod K. Paul</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pavlin, Boris Igor" sort="Pavlin, Boris Igor" uniqKey="Pavlin B" first="Boris Igor" last="Pavlin">Boris Igor Pavlin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pearce, Neil" sort="Pearce, Neil" uniqKey="Pearce N" first="Neil" last="Pearce">Neil Pearce</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pereira, David M" sort="Pereira, David M" uniqKey="Pereira D" first="David M" last="Pereira">David M. Pereira</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pesudovs, Konrad" sort="Pesudovs, Konrad" uniqKey="Pesudovs K" first="Konrad" last="Pesudovs">Konrad Pesudovs</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petzold, Max" sort="Petzold, Max" uniqKey="Petzold M" first="Max" last="Petzold">Max Petzold</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poenaru, Dan" sort="Poenaru, Dan" uniqKey="Poenaru D" first="Dan" last="Poenaru">Dan Poenaru</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Polanczyk, Guilherme V" sort="Polanczyk, Guilherme V" uniqKey="Polanczyk G" first="Guilherme V" last="Polanczyk">Guilherme V. Polanczyk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Polinder, Suzanne" sort="Polinder, Suzanne" uniqKey="Polinder S" first="Suzanne" last="Polinder">Suzanne Polinder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pope, Dan" sort="Pope, Dan" uniqKey="Pope D" first="Dan" last="Pope">Dan Pope</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pourmalek, Farshad" sort="Pourmalek, Farshad" uniqKey="Pourmalek F" first="Farshad" last="Pourmalek">Farshad Pourmalek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qato, Dima" sort="Qato, Dima" uniqKey="Qato D" first="Dima" last="Qato">Dima Qato</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quistberg, D Alex" sort="Quistberg, D Alex" uniqKey="Quistberg D" first="D Alex" last="Quistberg">D Alex Quistberg</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rafay, Anwar" sort="Rafay, Anwar" uniqKey="Rafay A" first="Anwar" last="Rafay">Anwar Rafay</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahimi, Kazem" sort="Rahimi, Kazem" uniqKey="Rahimi K" first="Kazem" last="Rahimi">Kazem Rahimi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahimi Movaghar, Vafa" sort="Rahimi Movaghar, Vafa" uniqKey="Rahimi Movaghar V" first="Vafa" last="Rahimi-Movaghar">Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rahman, Sajjad Ur" sort="Rahman, Sajjad Ur" uniqKey="Rahman S" first="Sajjad Ur" last="Rahman">Sajjad Ur Rahman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Raju, Murugesan" sort="Raju, Murugesan" uniqKey="Raju M" first="Murugesan" last="Raju">Murugesan Raju</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rana, Saleem M" sort="Rana, Saleem M" uniqKey="Rana S" first="Saleem M" last="Rana">Saleem M. Rana</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Refaat, Amany" sort="Refaat, Amany" uniqKey="Refaat A" first="Amany" last="Refaat">Amany Refaat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ronfani, Luca" sort="Ronfani, Luca" uniqKey="Ronfani L" first="Luca" last="Ronfani">Luca Ronfani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roy, Nobhojit" sort="Roy, Nobhojit" uniqKey="Roy N" first="Nobhojit" last="Roy">Nobhojit Roy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sanchez Pimienta, Tania Georgina" sort="Sanchez Pimienta, Tania Georgina" uniqKey="Sanchez Pimienta T" first="Tania Georgina" last="Sánchez Pimienta">Tania Georgina Sánchez Pimienta</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sahraian, Mohammad Ali" sort="Sahraian, Mohammad Ali" uniqKey="Sahraian M" first="Mohammad Ali" last="Sahraian">Mohammad Ali Sahraian</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Salomon, Joshua A" sort="Salomon, Joshua A" uniqKey="Salomon J" first="Joshua A" last="Salomon">Joshua A. Salomon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sampson, Uchechukwu" sort="Sampson, Uchechukwu" uniqKey="Sampson U" first="Uchechukwu" last="Sampson">Uchechukwu Sampson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Santos, Itamar S" sort="Santos, Itamar S" uniqKey="Santos I" first="Itamar S" last="Santos">Itamar S. Santos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sawhney, Monika" sort="Sawhney, Monika" uniqKey="Sawhney M" first="Monika" last="Sawhney">Monika Sawhney</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sayinzoga, Felix" sort="Sayinzoga, Felix" uniqKey="Sayinzoga F" first="Felix" last="Sayinzoga">Felix Sayinzoga</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schneider, Ione J C" sort="Schneider, Ione J C" uniqKey="Schneider I" first="Ione J C" last="Schneider">Ione J C. Schneider</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schumacher, Austin" sort="Schumacher, Austin" uniqKey="Schumacher A" first="Austin" last="Schumacher">Austin Schumacher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schwebel, David C" sort="Schwebel, David C" uniqKey="Schwebel D" first="David C" last="Schwebel">David C. Schwebel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Seedat, Soraya" sort="Seedat, Soraya" uniqKey="Seedat S" first="Soraya" last="Seedat">Soraya Seedat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sepanlou, Sadaf G" sort="Sepanlou, Sadaf G" uniqKey="Sepanlou S" first="Sadaf G" last="Sepanlou">Sadaf G. Sepanlou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Servan Mori, Edson E" sort="Servan Mori, Edson E" uniqKey="Servan Mori E" first="Edson E" last="Servan-Mori">Edson E. Servan-Mori</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shakh Nazarova, Marina" sort="Shakh Nazarova, Marina" uniqKey="Shakh Nazarova M" first="Marina" last="Shakh-Nazarova">Marina Shakh-Nazarova</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sheikhbahaei, Sara" sort="Sheikhbahaei, Sara" uniqKey="Sheikhbahaei S" first="Sara" last="Sheikhbahaei">Sara Sheikhbahaei</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shibuya, Kenji" sort="Shibuya, Kenji" uniqKey="Shibuya K" first="Kenji" last="Shibuya">Kenji Shibuya</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shin, Hwashin Hyun" sort="Shin, Hwashin Hyun" uniqKey="Shin H" first="Hwashin Hyun" last="Shin">Hwashin Hyun Shin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shiue, Ivy" sort="Shiue, Ivy" uniqKey="Shiue I" first="Ivy" last="Shiue">Ivy Shiue</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora" sort="Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora" uniqKey="Sigfusdottir I" first="Inga Dora" last="Sigfusdottir">Inga Dora Sigfusdottir</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Silberberg, Donald H" sort="Silberberg, Donald H" uniqKey="Silberberg D" first="Donald H" last="Silberberg">Donald H. Silberberg</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Silva, Andrea P" sort="Silva, Andrea P" uniqKey="Silva A" first="Andrea P" last="Silva">Andrea P. Silva</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Singh, Jasvinder A" sort="Singh, Jasvinder A" uniqKey="Singh J" first="Jasvinder A" last="Singh">Jasvinder A. Singh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Skirbekk, Vegard" sort="Skirbekk, Vegard" uniqKey="Skirbekk V" first="Vegard" last="Skirbekk">Vegard Skirbekk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sliwa, Karen" sort="Sliwa, Karen" uniqKey="Sliwa K" first="Karen" last="Sliwa">Karen Sliwa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Soshnikov, Sergey S" sort="Soshnikov, Sergey S" uniqKey="Soshnikov S" first="Sergey S" last="Soshnikov">Sergey S. Soshnikov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sposato, Luciano A" sort="Sposato, Luciano A" uniqKey="Sposato L" first="Luciano A" last="Sposato">Luciano A. Sposato</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T" sort="Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T" uniqKey="Sreeramareddy C" first="Chandrashekhar T" last="Sreeramareddy">Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos" sort="Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Stroumpoulis K" first="Konstantinos" last="Stroumpoulis">Konstantinos Stroumpoulis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sturua, Lela" sort="Sturua, Lela" uniqKey="Sturua L" first="Lela" last="Sturua">Lela Sturua</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sykes, Bryan L" sort="Sykes, Bryan L" uniqKey="Sykes B" first="Bryan L" last="Sykes">Bryan L. Sykes</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tabb, Karen M" sort="Tabb, Karen M" uniqKey="Tabb K" first="Karen M" last="Tabb">Karen M. Tabb</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Talongwa, Roberto Tchio" sort="Talongwa, Roberto Tchio" uniqKey="Talongwa R" first="Roberto Tchio" last="Talongwa">Roberto Tchio Talongwa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tan, Feng" sort="Tan, Feng" uniqKey="Tan F" first="Feng" last="Tan">Feng Tan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Teixeira, Carolina Maria" sort="Teixeira, Carolina Maria" uniqKey="Teixeira C" first="Carolina Maria" last="Teixeira">Carolina Maria Teixeira</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tenkorang, Eric Yeboah" sort="Tenkorang, Eric Yeboah" uniqKey="Tenkorang E" first="Eric Yeboah" last="Tenkorang">Eric Yeboah Tenkorang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman" sort="Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman" uniqKey="Terkawi A" first="Abdullah Sulieman" last="Terkawi">Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thorne Lyman, Andrew L" sort="Thorne Lyman, Andrew L" uniqKey="Thorne Lyman A" first="Andrew L" last="Thorne-Lyman">Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tirschwell, David L" sort="Tirschwell, David L" uniqKey="Tirschwell D" first="David L" last="Tirschwell">David L. Tirschwell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Towbin, Jeffrey A" sort="Towbin, Jeffrey A" uniqKey="Towbin J" first="Jeffrey A" last="Towbin">Jeffrey A. Towbin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tran, Bach X" sort="Tran, Bach X" uniqKey="Tran B" first="Bach X" last="Tran">Bach X. Tran</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis" sort="Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis" uniqKey="Tsilimbaris M" first="Miltiadis" last="Tsilimbaris">Miltiadis Tsilimbaris</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Uchendu, Uche S" sort="Uchendu, Uche S" uniqKey="Uchendu U" first="Uche S" last="Uchendu">Uche S. Uchendu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ukwaja, Kingsley N" sort="Ukwaja, Kingsley N" uniqKey="Ukwaja K" first="Kingsley N" last="Ukwaja">Kingsley N. Ukwaja</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Undurraga, Eduardo A" sort="Undurraga, Eduardo A" uniqKey="Undurraga E" first="Eduardo A" last="Undurraga">Eduardo A. Undurraga</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Uzun, Selen Begum" sort="Uzun, Selen Begum" uniqKey="Uzun S" first="Selen Begüm" last="Uzun">Selen Begüm Uzun</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vallely, Andrew J" sort="Vallely, Andrew J" uniqKey="Vallely A" first="Andrew J" last="Vallely">Andrew J. Vallely</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Gool, Coen H" sort="Van Gool, Coen H" uniqKey="Van Gool C" first="Coen H" last="Van Gool">Coen H. Van Gool</name>
</author>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Villalpando, Salvador" sort="Villalpando, Salvador" uniqKey="Villalpando S" first="Salvador" last="Villalpando">Salvador Villalpando</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Violante, Francesco S" sort="Violante, Francesco S" uniqKey="Violante F" first="Francesco S" last="Violante">Francesco S. Violante</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich" sort="Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich" uniqKey="Vlassov V" first="Vasiliy Victorovich" last="Vlassov">Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vos, Theo" sort="Vos, Theo" uniqKey="Vos T" first="Theo" last="Vos">Theo Vos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Waller, Stephen" sort="Waller, Stephen" uniqKey="Waller S" first="Stephen" last="Waller">Stephen Waller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Haidong" sort="Wang, Haidong" uniqKey="Wang H" first="Haidong" last="Wang">Haidong Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Linhong" sort="Wang, Linhong" uniqKey="Wang L" first="Linhong" last="Wang">Linhong Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xiaorong" sort="Wang, Xiaorong" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xiaorong" last="Wang">Xiaorong Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Yanping" sort="Wang, Yanping" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yanping" last="Wang">Yanping Wang</name>
</author>
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</author>
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</author>
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</author>
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</author>
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</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Lancet</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0140-6736</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1474-547X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
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<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title>
<sec id="S1"><title>Background</title>
<p id="P5">The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100 000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P6">We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basis of a systematic review of the relative risk of dying during pregnancy for HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women. We also estimated the fraction of these deaths aggravated by pregnancy on the basis of a systematic review. To estimate the numbers of maternal deaths due to nine different causes, we identified 61 sources from a systematic review and 943 site-years of vital registration data. We also did a systematic review of reports about the timing of maternal death, identifying 142 sources to use in our analysis. We developed estimates for each country for 1990–2013 using Bayesian meta-regression. We estimated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for all values.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Findings</title>
<p id="P7">292 982 (95% UI 261 017–327 792) maternal deaths occurred in 2013, compared with 376 034 (343 483–407 574) in 1990. The global annual rate of change in the MMR was −0·3% (−1·1 to 0·6) from 1990 to 2003, and −2·7% (−3·9 to −1·5) from 2003 to 2013, with evidence of continued acceleration. MMRs reduced consistently in south, east, and southeast Asia between 1990 and 2013, but maternal deaths increased in much of sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. 2070 (1290–2866) maternal deaths were related to HIV in 2013, 0·4% (0·2–0·6) of the global total. MMR was highest in the oldest age groups in both 1990 and 2013. In 2013, most deaths occurred intrapartum or postpartum. Causes varied by region and between 1990 and 2013. We recorded substantial variation in the MMR by country in 2013, from 956·8 (685·1–1262·8) in South Sudan to 2·4 (1·6–3·6) in Iceland.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Interpretation</title>
<p id="P8">Global rates of change suggest that only 16 countries will achieve the MDG 5 target by 2015. Accelerated reductions since the Millennium Declaration in 2000 coincide with increased development assistance for maternal, newborn, and child health. Setting of targets and associated interventions for after 2015 will need careful consideration of regions that are making slow progress, such as west and central Africa.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S5"><title>Funding</title>
<p id="P9">Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">2985213R</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">5470</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Lancet</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Lancet</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Lancet</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0140-6736</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1474-547X</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24797575</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4255481</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60696-6</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">EMS60028</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kassebaum</surname>
<given-names>Nicholas J</given-names>
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<given-names>Amelia</given-names>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Coggeshall</surname>
<given-names>Megan S</given-names>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shackelford</surname>
<given-names>Katya A</given-names>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Steiner</surname>
<given-names>Caitlyn</given-names>
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<given-names>Kyle R</given-names>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gonzalez-Medina</surname>
<given-names>Diego</given-names>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Barber</surname>
<given-names>Ryan</given-names>
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</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Huynh</surname>
<given-names>Chantal</given-names>
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</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dicker</surname>
<given-names>Daniel</given-names>
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</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Templin</surname>
<given-names>Tara</given-names>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wolock</surname>
<given-names>Timothy M</given-names>
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<given-names>Ayse Abbasoglu</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Foad</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Semaw Ferede</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Ibrahim</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Tom</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Ademola</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Zanfina</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Arsène Kouablan</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>José C</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Emilie E</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Akena</surname>
<given-names>Dickens</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alasfoor</surname>
<given-names>Deena</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alemu</surname>
<given-names>Zewdie Aderaw</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Rafael</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alhabib</surname>
<given-names>Samia</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ali</surname>
<given-names>Raghib</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Mazin J</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>François</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Mohammad A</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alsharif</surname>
<given-names>Ubai</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alvarez</surname>
<given-names>Elena</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Nelson</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Adansi A</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Amare</surname>
<given-names>Azmeraw T</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Amini</surname>
<given-names>Hassan</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ammar</surname>
<given-names>Walid</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Antonio</surname>
<given-names>Carl A T</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Anwari</surname>
<given-names>Palwasha</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ärnlöv</surname>
<given-names>Johan</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arsenijevic</surname>
<given-names>Valentina S Arsic</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Artaman</surname>
<given-names>Ali</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Asad</surname>
<given-names>Majed Masoud</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Asghar</surname>
<given-names>Rana J</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Reza</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Atkins</surname>
<given-names>Lydia S</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Alaa</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Balakrishnan</surname>
<given-names>Kalpana</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Arindam</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Basu</surname>
<given-names>Sanjay</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Beardsley</surname>
<given-names>Justin</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bedi</surname>
<given-names>Neeraj</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bekele</surname>
<given-names>Tolesa</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bell</surname>
<given-names>Michelle L</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bernabe</surname>
<given-names>Eduardo</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Tariku J</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Zulfiqar</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Aref Bin</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Jed D</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Berrak Bora</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bose</surname>
<given-names>Dipan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Breitborde</surname>
<given-names>Nicholas</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cárdenas</surname>
<given-names>Rosario</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Castañeda-Orjuela</surname>
<given-names>Carlos A</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
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<given-names>Ruben Estanislao</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
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<given-names>Ferrán</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cavlin</surname>
<given-names>Alanur</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chang</surname>
<given-names>Jung-Chen</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
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<given-names>Xuan</given-names>
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<given-names>Costas A</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
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<given-names>Cyrus</given-names>
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</contrib>
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</contrib>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Davis</surname>
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<given-names>Anand</given-names>
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</contrib>
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<given-names>Louisa</given-names>
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<given-names>Diego</given-names>
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</contrib>
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<given-names>Borja</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Muluken</given-names>
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<given-names>Gabrielle A</given-names>
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<given-names>Tim R</given-names>
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<given-names>Sergei Petrovich</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
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<given-names>Alireza</given-names>
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<given-names>Emerito Jose A</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Felicio</surname>
<given-names>Manuela Mendonca</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Seyed-Mohammad</given-names>
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<given-names>Elisabeth B</given-names>
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<given-names>Ketevan</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Fortuné Gbètoho</given-names>
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<given-names>Ana C</given-names>
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<given-names>Elizabeth L</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Philimon</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Hebe N</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Rajeev</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Randah Ribhi</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Mouhanad</given-names>
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<given-names>Simon I</given-names>
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<given-names>Ileana B</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Young-Ho</given-names>
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<given-names>Luke</given-names>
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<given-names>Vasco Manuel Pedro</given-names>
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<given-names>Christopher Chabila</given-names>
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<given-names>Melvin Barrientos</given-names>
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<given-names>Fabiola</given-names>
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<given-names>Jonathan</given-names>
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<given-names>Julio Cesar Montañez</given-names>
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<given-names>Rintaro</given-names>
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<given-names>Aliya</given-names>
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<given-names>Chakib</given-names>
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<given-names>Robert G</given-names>
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<given-names>Charles R</given-names>
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<given-names>Mark J</given-names>
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<given-names>Sandra</given-names>
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<given-names>Ole F</given-names>
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<given-names>Luke</given-names>
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<given-names>In-Hwan</given-names>
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<given-names>Takayoshi</given-names>
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<given-names>Bolajoko O</given-names>
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<given-names>Orish Ebere</given-names>
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<given-names>Jeyaraj D</given-names>
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<given-names>Angel J Paternina</given-names>
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<given-names>Neil</given-names>
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<given-names>Max</given-names>
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<given-names>Dan</given-names>
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<given-names>Dan</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
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<given-names>Dima</given-names>
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<given-names>D Alex</given-names>
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<given-names>Vafa</given-names>
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<given-names>Luca</given-names>
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<given-names>Nobhojit</given-names>
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<given-names>Joshua A</given-names>
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<given-names>Uchechukwu</given-names>
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<given-names>Itamar S</given-names>
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<given-names>Felix</given-names>
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<given-names>Ione J C</given-names>
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<given-names>David C</given-names>
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<given-names>Sara</given-names>
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<given-names>Inga Dora</given-names>
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<given-names>Donald H</given-names>
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<given-names>Jasvinder A</given-names>
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<given-names>Vegard</given-names>
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<given-names>Karen</given-names>
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<given-names>Sergey S</given-names>
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<given-names>Luciano A</given-names>
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<given-names>Chandrashekhar T</given-names>
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<given-names>Lela</given-names>
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<given-names>Bryan L</given-names>
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<given-names>Karen M</given-names>
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<given-names>Feng</given-names>
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<given-names>Carolina Maria</given-names>
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<given-names>Eric Yeboah</given-names>
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<given-names>Abdullah Sulieman</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tirschwell</surname>
<given-names>David L</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Towbin</surname>
<given-names>Jeffrey A</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tran</surname>
<given-names>Bach X</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tsilimbaris</surname>
<given-names>Miltiadis</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Uchendu</surname>
<given-names>Uche S</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ukwaja</surname>
<given-names>Kingsley N</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Undurraga</surname>
<given-names>Eduardo A</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Uzun</surname>
<given-names>Selen Begüm</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vallely</surname>
<given-names>Andrew J</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>van Gool</surname>
<given-names>Coen H</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vasankari</surname>
<given-names>Tommi J</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vavilala</surname>
<given-names>Monica S</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Venketasubramanian</surname>
<given-names>N</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Villalpando</surname>
<given-names>Salvador</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Violante</surname>
<given-names>Francesco S</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vlassov</surname>
<given-names>Vasiliy Victorovich</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vos</surname>
<given-names>Theo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Waller</surname>
<given-names>Stephen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Haidong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Linhong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>XiaoRong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Yanping</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Weichenthal</surname>
<given-names>Scott</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Weiderpass</surname>
<given-names>Elisabete</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Weintraub</surname>
<given-names>Robert G</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Westerman</surname>
<given-names>Ronny</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wilkinson</surname>
<given-names>James D</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Woldeyohannes</surname>
<given-names>Solomon Meseret</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wong</surname>
<given-names>John Q</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wordofa</surname>
<given-names>Muluemebet Abera</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Xu</surname>
<given-names>Gelin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yang</surname>
<given-names>Yang C</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yano</surname>
<given-names>Yuichiro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yentur</surname>
<given-names>Gokalp Kadri</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yip</surname>
<given-names>Paul</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yonemoto</surname>
<given-names>Naohiro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yoon</surname>
<given-names>Seok-Jun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Younis</surname>
<given-names>Mustafa Z</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yu</surname>
<given-names>Chuanhua</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jin</surname>
<given-names>Kim Yun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>El SayedZaki</surname>
<given-names>Maysaa</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhao</surname>
<given-names>Yong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zheng</surname>
<given-names>Yingfeng</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhou</surname>
<given-names>Maigeng</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhu</surname>
<given-names>Jun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zou</surname>
<given-names>Xiao Nong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lopez</surname>
<given-names>Alan D</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN2">‡</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Naghavi</surname>
<given-names>Mohsen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN2">‡</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>Christopher J L</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN2">‡</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lozano</surname>
<given-names>Rafael</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN2">‡</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="A1"><bold>Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation</bold>
(N J Kassebaum MD, A Bertozzi-Villa BA, M S Coggeshall BA, K A Shackelford BA, C Steiner MPH, K R Heuton BS, D Gonzalez-Medina BA, R Barber BS, C Huynh BA, D Dicker BS, T Templin BA, T M Wolock BA, Prof L Dandona PhD, M H Forouzanfar MD, S S Lim PhD, Prof A H Mokdad PhD, M Moradi-Lakeh MD, M Ng MD, A Schumacher BS, Prof T Vos PhD, H Wang PhD, M Naghavi PhD, Prof C J L Murray PhD, Prof R Lozano MD),<bold>Department of Neurology</bold>
(D L Tirschwell MD),<bold>Pediatric Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine</bold>
(N J Kassebaum),<bold>University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA</bold>
(R Alfonso-Cristancho PhD, P N Jensen MPH, D A Quistberg PhD, M S Vavilala MD);<bold>Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, Ankara, Turkey</bold>
(A Abbasoglu Ozgoren MA, A Cavlin PhD);<bold>Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt</bold>
(Prof F Abd-Allah MD);<bold>School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia</bold>
(S F Abera MSc);<bold>University College London, London, UK</bold>
(Prof I Abubakar PhD);<bold>Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana</bold>
(T Achoki PhD);<bold>Public Health Promotion Alliance, Osogbp, Nigeria</bold>
(A Adelekan PhD);<bold>Centre for International Child Health</bold>
(S M Colquhoun PhD),<bold>University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia</bold>
(Z Ademi PhD, J D Blore PhD, R G Weintraub MB, Prof A D Lopez PhD);<bold>Association Ivoirienne Pour Le Bien Etre Familial, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</bold>
(A K Adou MD);<bold>University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain</bold>
(Prof J C Adsuar PhD);<bold>Institution of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden</bold>
(E E Agardh PhD);<bold>Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda</bold>
(D Akena PhD, L Nyakarahuka MPH);<bold>Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman</bold>
(D Alasfoor MSc, M J Al Kahbouri PhD);<bold>Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia</bold>
(Z A Alemu MPH);<bold>National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</bold>
(S Alhabib PhD);<bold>University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</bold>
(R Ali MSc, Prof S I Hay DPhil, K Rahimi DM);<bold>School of Public Health, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France</bold>
(Prof F Alla PhD);<bold>Ministry of Health, Belmopan, Cayo, Belize</bold>
(P J Allen MPH);<bold>Saudi Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</bold>
(M A AlMazroa MD, Prof Z A Memish MD);<bold>Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany</bold>
(U Alsharif DMD, S Nolte PhD, C Papachristou PhD);<bold>Spanish Observatory on Drugs, Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs</bold>
(E Alvarez PhD),<bold>and Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, Spanish Medicines and Healthcare Products Agency</bold>
(F Catalá-López PhD),<bold>Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality, Madrid, Spain</bold>
(E Alvarez PhD);<bold>Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia</bold>
(Prof N Alvis-Guzmán PhD);<bold>Albany State University, Albany, GA, USA</bold>
(Prof A A Amankwaa PhD);<bold>Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands</bold>
(A T Amare MPH); College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (A T Amare);<bold>Kurdistan Environmental Health Research Centre, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran</bold>
(H Amini MSPH);<bold>Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon</bold>
(W Ammar PhD, H L Harb MPH);<bold>College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines</bold>
(C A T Antonio MD, E J A Faraon MD);<bold>UN Population Fund, Kabul, Afghanistan</bold>
(P Anwari MSc);<bold>Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden</bold>
(J Ärnlöv PhD, Prof A Larsson PhD);<bold>Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia</bold>
(Prof V S Arsic Arsenijevic PhD);<bold>Median, Windsor, ON, Canada</bold>
(A Artaman PhD);<bold>Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan</bold>
(M M Asad PhD);<bold>Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Islamabad, Pakistan</bold>
(R J Asghar MD);<bold>Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</bold>
(R Assadi MD);<bold>Ministry Of Health, Wellness, Human Services and Gender Relations, Sans Souci, Castries, Saint Lucia</bold>
(L S Atkins MPH);<bold>Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada</bold>
(A Badawi PhD);<bold>Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India</bold>
(K Balakrishnan PhD);<bold>School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand</bold>
(A Basu PhD);<bold>School of Medicine</bold>
(L Gaffikin DrPH);<bold>Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA</bold>
(S Basu PhD);<bold>Oxford University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam</bold>
(J Beardsley MBChB);<bold>College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan, Saudi Arabia</bold>
(N Bedi MD);<bold>Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Oromia, Ethiopia</bold>
(T Bekele MPH);<bold>Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA</bold>
(Prof M L Bell PhD);<bold>King’s College London, London, UK</bold>
(E Bernabe PhD);<bold>Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia</bold>
(T J Beyene MSC, K Deribe MPH);<bold>Aga Khan University Medical Centre</bold>
(Prof Z Bhutta PhD);<bold>Aga Khan University</bold>
(M I Nisar MSc);<bold>Karachi, Pakistan</bold>
;<bold>University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA</bold>
(A Bin Abdulhak MD);<bold>General</bold>
<bold>Directorate of Health Research</bold>
(B Bora Basara PhD, U Dilmen MD, G K Yentur PhD);<bold>Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey</bold>
(S B Uzun MD);<bold>World Bank, Washington, DC, USA</bold>
(D Bose PhD);<bold>University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA</bold>
(Prof N Breitborde PhD);<bold>Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico</bold>
(R Cárdenas ScD);<bold>Colombian National Health Observatory, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, Colombia</bold>
(C A Castañeda-Orjuela MSc);<bold>Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile</bold>
(R E Castro PhD);<bold>College of Public Health</bold>
(H-H Lin ScD),<bold>National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan</bold>
(Prof J-C Chang PhD);<bold>National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA</bold>
(X Che PhD);<bold>Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus</bold>
(C A Christophi PhD);<bold>Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, USA</bold>
(Prof S S Chugh MD);<bold>University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy</bold>
(Prof M Cirillo MD);<bold>Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA</bold>
(L T Cooper MD);<bold>Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK</bold>
(Prof C Cooper FMedSci);<bold>National School of Public Health (ENSP/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</bold>
(I da Costa Leite PhD);<bold>Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India</bold>
(Prof L Dandona, R Dandona PhD, G A Kumar PhD, R B Kumar MD);<bold>Public Health England, London, UK</bold>
(Prof A Davis PhD);<bold>School of Medicine</bold>
(A Dayama MD),<bold>Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA</bold>
(Prof Y Liu PhD, S B Omer PhD);<bold>The Kirby Institute</bold>
(A J Vallely PhD),<bold>University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia</bold>
(Prof L Degenhardt PhD);<bold>Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia</bold>
(Prof D De Leo DSc);<bold>University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand</bold>
(B del Pozo-Cruz PhD);<bold>Africa Medical and Research Foundation in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</bold>
(M Dessalegn MPH);<bold>Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada</bold>
(G A deVeber MD);<bold>University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka</bold>
(S D Dharmaratne MD);<bold>Harvard School of Public Health</bold>
(E L Ding ScD),<bold>Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA</bold>
(Prof J A Salomon PhD);<bold>Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences</bold>
(Prof K Sliwa PhD),<bold>University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</bold>
(Prof R E Dorrington MPhil);<bold>Sydney School of Public Health</bold>
(T R Driscoll PhD),<bold>University of Sydney, NSW, Australia</bold>
(J Leigh PhD);<bold>The Institute of Social and Economic Studies of Population at the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</bold>
(Prof S P Ermakov DSc);<bold>Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre</bold>
(F Farzadfar MD);<bold>Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre</bold>
(Prof A Esteghamati MD, N Hafezi-Nejad MD, S Sheikhbahaei MD),<bold>Digestive Diseases Research Institute</bold>
(S G Sepanlou MD),<bold>MS Research Centre</bold>
(M A Sahraian MD),<bold>Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre</bold>
(Prof V Rahimi-Movaghar MD),<bold>Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</bold>
;<bold>Departamento de Saúde Pública, ARS Norte IP, Porto, Portugal</bold>
(M M Felicio MD, C M Teixeira MD);<bold>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics</bold>
(E Weiderpass PhD),<bold>Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</bold>
(S-M Fereshtehnejad MD, R Havmoeller MD);<bold>Northern Region Health Administration</bold>
(V M P Machado MSc),<bold>Public Health Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal</bold>
(G M Ferreira de Lima BSC);<bold>Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil</bold>
(E B Franca PhD);<bold>National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia</bold>
(K Gambashidze MS, K Kazanjan MS, M Kereselidze MD, M Shakh-Nazarova MS, L Sturua PhD);<bold>Clinique Coopérative de Parakou, Parakou, Borgou, Benin</bold>
(F G Gankpé MD);<bold>Public Health Unit of Primary Health Care Group of Almada-Seixal, Almada, Setúbal, Portugal</bold>
(A C Garcia MPH);<bold>Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands</bold>
(J M Geleijnse PhD);<bold>Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia</bold>
(K B Gibney MBBS, B K Lloyd PhD);<bold>University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France</bold>
(Prof M Giroud MD);<bold>Heller School for Social Policy and Management</bold>
(E L Glaser MA),<bold>Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA</bold>
(B T Idrisov MD, E A Undurraga PhD);<bold>Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs, Tbilisi, Georgia</bold>
(K Goginashvili MPH);<bold>University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA</bold>
(Prof P Gona PhD);<bold>National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico</bold>
(D González-Castell MSc, I B Heredia Pi PhD, F Mejia-Rodriguez MSc, J C Montañez Hernandez MSc, T G Sánchez Pimienta MSc, E E Servan-Mori MSc, S Villalpando PhD, Prof R Lozano);<bold>Department of Diabetes Research, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan</bold>
(A Goto PhD);<bold>School of Population Health</bold>
(D G Hoy PhD),<bold>University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia</bold>
(H N Gouda PhD, L Knibbs PhD);<bold>Saint James School of Medicine, Kralendijk, Bonaire, Netherlands</bold>
(Prof H C Gugnani PhD);<bold>Kanawha Charleston Health Department, Charleston, WV, USA</bold>
(Rahul Gupta MD);<bold>Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, India</bold>
(Rajeev Gupta PhD);<bold>Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain</bold>
(Prof R R Hamadeh DPhil);<bold>Wayne County Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA</bold>
(M Hammami MD);<bold>School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia</bold>
(Prof G J Hankey MD);<bold>Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, Netherlands</bold>
(H W Hoek MD);<bold>Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA</bold>
(Prof H D Hosgood PhD);<bold>Public Health Division, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia</bold>
(D G Hoy);<bold>Birzeit University, Birzeit, Ramallah, Palestine</bold>
(A Husseini PhD);<bold>National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia</bold>
(K Innos PhD, M Leinsalu PhD);<bold>School of Public Health</bold>
(Prof N Kawakami MD),<bold>Graduate School of Medicine</bold>
(M Inoue PhD),<bold>University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</bold>
(Prof K Shibuya MD);<bold>George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA</bold>
(K H Jacobsen PhD);<bold>Ochsner Medical Centre, New Orleans, LA, USA</bold>
(E Jahangir MD);<bold>Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea</bold>
(Prof S H Jee PhD);<bold>Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India</bold>
(Prof V Jha DM);<bold>Tianjin Centres for Diseases Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China</bold>
(G Jiang MD);<bold>Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</bold>
(Prof J B Jonas MD);<bold>National Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark</bold>
(Prof K Juel PhD);<bold>Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA</bold>
(E K Kabagambe PhD, U Sampson MD);<bold>Fudan University, Shanghai, China</bold>
(H Kan MD);<bold>University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon</bold>
(N E Karam MD);<bold>Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany</bold>
(A Karch MD);<bold>Malaria and Other Parasitic Diseases Division</bold>
(C K Karema MSc),<bold>Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda</bold>
(F Sayinzoga MD);<bold>Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, USA</bold>
(A Kaul MD);<bold>University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA</bold>
(D S Kazi MD);<bold>University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil</bold>
(Prof A H Kemp PhD, Prof P A Lotufo DrPH, Prof G V Polanczyk PhD, Prof I S Santos PhD);<bold>South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa</bold>
(A P Kengne PhD);<bold>Jordan University of Science and Technology, Al-Ramtha, Jordan</bold>
(Prof Y S Khader ScD);<bold>Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar</bold>
(S E A H Khalifa MSc);<bold>Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan</bold>
(E A Khan MPH);<bold>Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea</bold>
(Prof Y-H Khang PhD);<bold>Department of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, Suita, Japan</bold>
(Y Kokubo PhD);<bold>Centre for Community Empowerment, Health Policy and Humanities, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia</bold>
(S Kosen MD);<bold>University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada</bold>
(Prof B Kuate Defo PhD);<bold>Rajrajeshwari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India</bold>
(Prof C Kulkarni PhD);<bold>Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA</bold>
(V S Kulkarni PhD);<bold>International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India</bold>
(K Kumar MPS);<bold>Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, India</bold>
(R B Kumar);<bold>Boston Medical Centre, Boston, MA, USA</bold>
(G Kwan MD);<bold>Fourth View Consulting, Tallinn, Estonia</bold>
(T Lai PhD);<bold>Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health</bold>
(ARCPOH),<bold>School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia</bold>
(Prof R Lalloo PhD);<bold>Institute of Health Policy and Development Studies, National Institutes of Health, Manila, Philippines</bold>
(Prof H Lam PhD);<bold>International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness and Vision 2020, Weston, FL, USA</bold>
(V C Lansingh PhD);<bold>Korea University, Seoul, South Korea</bold>
(Prof J-T Lee PhD, S-J Yoon PhD);<bold>University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA</bold>
(R Leung PhD);<bold>National Centre for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, Chengdu, China</bold>
(X Li MD);<bold>National Centre for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention</bold>
(Yichong Li MPH, S Liu PhD, J Ma PhD, Prof L Wang MD, Prof M Zhou PhD),<bold>National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control</bold>
(Prof F Tan MD),<bold>Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China</bold>
(X Liang PhD);<bold>Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA</bold>
(Yongmei Li PhD);<bold>National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China</bold>
(Prof J Liang MD, Prof Y Wang MS, Prof J Zhu MD);<bold>Wayne State University, Miami, FL, USA</bold>
(S E Lipshultz MD);<bold>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA</bold>
(S J London MD);<bold>Ministry of Health Singapore, Singapore, Singapore</bold>
(S Ma PhD);<bold>Xpharmconsult, Kumasi, Ghana</bold>
(N K Mainoo MMRCB);<bold>Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia</bold>
(M Majdan PhD);<bold>University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia</bold>
(C C Mapoma PhD);<bold>Queen Mary University of London, London, UK</bold>
(Prof W Marcenes PhD);<bold>University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Centre, Quezon City, Philippines</bold>
(M B Marzan MSPH);<bold>University of York, York, UK</bold>
(A J Mason-Jones PhD);<bold>Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India</bold>
(Prof M M Mehndiratta MD);<bold>UN Population Fund, Lima, Peru</bold>
(W Mendoza MD);<bold>Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, USA</bold>
(T R Miller PhD);<bold>University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada</bold>
(E J Mills PhD);<bold>University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea</bold>
(Prof G L Mola MD);<bold>Institute for Maternal and Child Health Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy</bold>
(L Monasta DSc, L Ronfani PhD);<bold>Bureau of International Health Cooperation, Manila City, Philippines</bold>
(J de la Cruz Monis MSc);<bold>University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA</bold>
(Prof A R Moore PhD);<bold>Iran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, Tehran, Iran</bold>
(M Moradi-Lakeh);<bold>National Centre for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan</bold>
(R Mori PhD);<bold>Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany</bold>
(Prof U O Mueller PhD, R Westerman PhD);<bold>Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan</bold>
(M Mukaigawara MD);<bold>International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh</bold>
(A Naheed PhD);<bold>University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa</bold>
(Prof K S Naidoo PhD);<bold>Ministry of Health Fiji, Suva, Fiji</bold>
(D Nand MPH);<bold>Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India</bold>
(Prof V Nangia MD);<bold>School of Public Health, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA</bold>
(D Nash PhD);<bold>Faculty of Medicine, Fez, Morocco</bold>
(Prof C Nejjari PhD);<bold>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA</bold>
(R G Nelson PhD);<bold>Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</bold>
(S P Neupane MBBS);<bold>Kenya Medical Research Institute Wellcome Trust Programme, Kilifi, Kenya</bold>
(Prof C R Newton MD);<bold>Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain</bold>
(M J Nieuwenhuijsen PhD);<bold>University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway</bold>
(Prof O F Norheim PhD);<bold>Kyung Hee Unversity, Seoul, South Korea</bold>
(I-H Oh PhD);<bold>Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan</bold>
(Prof T Ohkubo MD);<bold>Centre for Healthy Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria</bold>
(B O Olusanya PhD);<bold>Lira District Local Government, Lira Municipal Council, Lira, Uganda</bold>
(J N Opio MPH);<bold>Toxicology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria</bold>
(Prof O E Orisakwe PhD);<bold>Christian Medical College Ludhiana, Ludhiana, India</bold>
(J D Pandian MD);<bold>Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea</bold>
(Prof J-H Park MPH);<bold>Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia</bold>
(A J Paternina Caicedo MSc);<bold>University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada</bold>
(Prof S B Patten PhD);<bold>All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India</bold>
(Prof V K Paul MD);<bold>WHO, Waigani, Papua New Guinea</bold>
(B I Pavlin MD);<bold>London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK</bold>
(Prof N Pearce PhD);<bold>3B’s Research Group in Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, and ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Portugal</bold>
(Prof D M Pereira PhD);<bold>Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia</bold>
(Prof K Pesudovs PhD);<bold>Centre for Applied Biostatistics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden</bold>
(Prof M Petzold PhD);<bold>McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada</bold>
(D Poenaru MD);<bold>Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Public Health, Rotterdam, Netherlands</bold>
(S Polinder PhD);<bold>University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK</bold>
(D Pope PhD);<bold>University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada</bold>
(F Pourmalek PhD);<bold>College of Pharmacy</bold>
(D Qato PhD),<bold>University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA</bold>
(K M Tabb PhD);<bold>Contech International, Lahore, Pakistan</bold>
(A Rafay MS);<bold>Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar</bold>
(S ur Rahman FRCPCH);<bold>University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA</bold>
(M Raju PhD);<bold>Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan</bold>
(S M Rana PhD);<bold>Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, USA</bold>
(Prof A Refaat PhD);<bold>Bhaba Atomic Research Center Hospital, Mumbai, India</bold>
(N Roy MD);<bold>Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA</bold>
(M Sawhney PhD);<bold>Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil</bold>
(I J C Schneider PhD);<bold>University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA</bold>
(D C Schwebel PhD, J A Singh MD);<bold>Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa</bold>
(Prof S Seedat PhD);<bold>Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada</bold>
(H H Shin PhD, S Weichenthal PhD);<bold>Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK</bold>
(I Shiue PhD);<bold>Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland</bold>
(I D Sigfusdottir PhD);<bold>University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA</bold>
(Prof D H Silberberg MD);<bold>Instituto Nacional de Epidemiología Dr Juan H Jara, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina</bold>
(A P Silva MgSc);<bold>Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway</bold>
(Prof V Skirbekk PhD);<bold>Federal Research Institute for Health Organisation and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia</bold>
(S S Soshnikov PhD);<bold>Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada</bold>
(L A Sposato MD);<bold>University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia</bold>
(C T Sreeramareddy MD);<bold>Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (KEELPNO) Greece, Athens, Greece</bold>
(K Stroumpoulis PhD);<bold>Department of Criminology, Law and Society (and Sociology), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA</bold>
(B L Sykes PhD);<bold>Ministry of Public Health, Yaounde, Cameroon</bold>
(R T Talongwa MD);<bold>Memorial University, St John’s, NL, Canada</bold>
(E Y Tenkorang PhD);<bold>Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA</bold>
(A S Terkawi MD);<bold>Department of Anesthesiology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</bold>
(A S Terkawi);<bold>The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</bold>
(A L Thorne-Lyman ScD);<bold>Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Centre, Cincinnati, OH, USA</bold>
(Prof J A Towbin MD);<bold>Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA</bold>
(B X Tran PhD);<bold>Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece</bold>
(Prof M Tsilimbaris PhD);<bold>Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA</bold>
(U S Uchendu MD);<bold>Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Abakaliki, Nigeria</bold>
(K N Ukwaja MD);<bold>National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands</bold>
(C H van Gool PhD);<bold>UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland</bold>
(Prof T J Vasankari PhD);<bold>Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore</bold>
(N Venketasubramanian MD);<bold>University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy</bold>
(Prof F S Violante MD);<bold>Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia</bold>
(Prof V V Vlassov MD);<bold>Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA</bold>
(S Waller MD);<bold>Shandong University Affiliated Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China</bold>
(X R Wang PhD);<bold>Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia</bold>
(R G Weintraub);<bold>University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA</bold>
(J D Wilkinson MD);<bold>Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia</bold>
(S M Woldeyohannes MPH);<bold>Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health, City of Pasig, Manila, Philippines</bold>
(J Q Wong MD);<bold>Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia</bold>
(M A Wordofa MPH);<bold>Nanjing University School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China</bold>
(Prof G Xu PhD);<bold>University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</bold>
(Y C Yang PhD);<bold>Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan</bold>
(Y Yano MD);<bold> University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</bold>
(Prof P Yip PhD);<bold>National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan</bold>
(N Yonemoto MPH);<bold>Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA</bold>
(Prof M Z Younis PhD);<bold>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China</bold>
(Prof C Yu PhD);<bold>TCM Medical Tk, Nusajaya, Johor Bahru, Malaysia</bold>
(K Yun Jin PhD);<bold>Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt</bold>
(Prof M E S Zaki MD);<bold>Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China</bold>
(Prof Y Zhao MD);<bold>Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China</bold>
(Y Zheng PhD);<bold>and Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China</bold>
(Prof X N Zou MD)</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="CR1"><label>*</label>
Correspondence to: Dr Nicholas J Kassebaum, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 2301 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Seattle, WA 98121, USA, <email>nickjk@uw.edu</email>
</corresp>
<fn id="FN1"><label>†</label>
<p id="P1">Authors listed alphabetically</p>
</fn>
<fn id="FN2"><label>‡</label>
<p id="P2">Joint senior authors</p>
</fn>
<fn id="FN4"><p id="P3"><bold>Contributors</bold>
</p>
<p id="P4">NJK and CJLM prepared the first draft. NJK, CS, ADL, CJLM, and RL finalised the draft on the basis of comments from other authors and reviewer feedback. NJK, ADL, CJLM, and RL conceived the study and provided overall guidance. NJK completed all modelling. NJK, AB-V, and MSC did the statistical analysis of model results. All other authors provided data, developed models, reviewed results, initiated modelling infrastructure, and reviewed the report.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>16</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>13</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>04</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>384</volume>
<issue>9947</issue>
<fpage>980</fpage>
<lpage>1004</lpage>
<pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60696-6</pmc-comment>
<abstract><title>Summary</title>
<sec id="S1"><title>Background</title>
<p id="P5">The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100 000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P6">We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basis of a systematic review of the relative risk of dying during pregnancy for HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women. We also estimated the fraction of these deaths aggravated by pregnancy on the basis of a systematic review. To estimate the numbers of maternal deaths due to nine different causes, we identified 61 sources from a systematic review and 943 site-years of vital registration data. We also did a systematic review of reports about the timing of maternal death, identifying 142 sources to use in our analysis. We developed estimates for each country for 1990–2013 using Bayesian meta-regression. We estimated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for all values.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Findings</title>
<p id="P7">292 982 (95% UI 261 017–327 792) maternal deaths occurred in 2013, compared with 376 034 (343 483–407 574) in 1990. The global annual rate of change in the MMR was −0·3% (−1·1 to 0·6) from 1990 to 2003, and −2·7% (−3·9 to −1·5) from 2003 to 2013, with evidence of continued acceleration. MMRs reduced consistently in south, east, and southeast Asia between 1990 and 2013, but maternal deaths increased in much of sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. 2070 (1290–2866) maternal deaths were related to HIV in 2013, 0·4% (0·2–0·6) of the global total. MMR was highest in the oldest age groups in both 1990 and 2013. In 2013, most deaths occurred intrapartum or postpartum. Causes varied by region and between 1990 and 2013. We recorded substantial variation in the MMR by country in 2013, from 956·8 (685·1–1262·8) in South Sudan to 2·4 (1·6–3·6) in Iceland.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Interpretation</title>
<p id="P8">Global rates of change suggest that only 16 countries will achieve the MDG 5 target by 2015. Accelerated reductions since the Millennium Declaration in 2000 coincide with increased development assistance for maternal, newborn, and child health. Setting of targets and associated interventions for after 2015 will need careful consideration of regions that are making slow progress, such as west and central Africa.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S5"><title>Funding</title>
<p id="P9">Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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