Neonatal pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa
Identifieur interne : 004394 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 004393; suivant : 004395Neonatal pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa
Auteurs : Robin J. Green ; Jessica M. KolbergSource :
- Pneumonia [ 2200-6133 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Neonatal pneumonia is a devastating condition. Most deaths in sub-Saharan Africa can be attributed to preventable diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria, which together killed an estimated 2.2 million children under the age of 5 years in 2012, accounting for a third of all under-five deaths in this region. Some countries are making progress in reducing mortality through community-based health schemes; however, most countries in this region are far from achieving the World Health Organization Sustainable Development Goals for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The microorganisms causing neonatal pneumonia are well known. Both bacteria and viruses are commonly responsible, while fungal organisms occur in the context of nosocomial disease, and parasites occur in HIV-infected children. The common bacterial pathogens are group B streptococci (and other streptococcal species) and Gram-negative organisms, most notably
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s41479-016-0003-0
PubMed: 28702283
PubMed Central: 5469193
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000A30
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000A29
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000581
Links to Exploration step
PMC:5469193Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Neonatal pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa</title>
<author><name sortKey="Green, Robin J" sort="Green, Robin J" uniqKey="Green R" first="Robin J." last="Green">Robin J. Green</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kolberg, Jessica M" sort="Kolberg, Jessica M" uniqKey="Kolberg J" first="Jessica M." last="Kolberg">Jessica M. Kolberg</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">28702283</idno>
<idno type="pmc">5469193</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5469193</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:5469193</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1186/s41479-016-0003-0</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000A30</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000A30</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000A29</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000A29</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000581</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000581</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">004394</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Neonatal pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa</title>
<author><name sortKey="Green, Robin J" sort="Green, Robin J" uniqKey="Green R" first="Robin J." last="Green">Robin J. Green</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kolberg, Jessica M" sort="Kolberg, Jessica M" uniqKey="Kolberg J" first="Jessica M." last="Kolberg">Jessica M. Kolberg</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Pneumonia</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2200-6133</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Neonatal pneumonia is a devastating condition. Most deaths in sub-Saharan Africa can be attributed to preventable diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria, which together killed an estimated 2.2 million children under the age of 5 years in 2012, accounting for a third of all under-five deaths in this region. Some countries are making progress in reducing mortality through community-based health schemes; however, most countries in this region are far from achieving the World Health Organization Sustainable Development Goals for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The microorganisms causing neonatal pneumonia are well known. Both bacteria and viruses are commonly responsible, while fungal organisms occur in the context of nosocomial disease, and parasites occur in HIV-infected children. The common bacterial pathogens are group B streptococci (and other streptococcal species) and Gram-negative organisms, most notably <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>
and <italic>Klebsiella</italic>
spp. The viruses that predominate are the common respiratory pathogens, namely respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinovirus, and influenza virus. Viral disease is often nosocomial and transmitted to infected neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit or other neonatal facilities by infected parents and staff. Neonatal pneumonia often presents with non-specific respiratory distress in newborns. In the premature infant it is often indistinguishable from surfactant deficiency-associated respiratory distress syndrome. Therefore, diagnostic testing that is cheap and reliable is urgently sought in this region. All neonates with pneumonia must receive broad-spectrum antibiotic cover. This usually entails the combination of penicillin and an aminoglycoside. A lack of appropriate drugs and neonatal intensive care unit facilities are hampering progress in managing neonatal pneumonia.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wardlaw, T" uniqKey="Wardlaw T">T Wardlaw</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="You, D" uniqKey="You D">D You</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Newby, H" uniqKey="Newby H">H Newby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anthony, D" uniqKey="Anthony D">D Anthony</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chopra, M" uniqKey="Chopra M">M Chopra</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Duke, T" uniqKey="Duke T">T Duke</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guerrera, G" uniqKey="Guerrera G">G Guerrera</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, L" uniqKey="Liu L">L Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oza, S" uniqKey="Oza S">S Oza</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hogan, D" uniqKey="Hogan D">D Hogan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perin, J" uniqKey="Perin J">J Perin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rudan, I" uniqKey="Rudan I">I Rudan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lawn, Je" uniqKey="Lawn J">JE Lawn</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kone, S" uniqKey="Kone S">S Koné</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Furst, T" uniqKey="Furst T">T Fürst</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jaeger, Fn" uniqKey="Jaeger F">FN Jaeger</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Esso, El" uniqKey="Esso E">EL Esso</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baikoro, N" uniqKey="Baikoro N">N Baïkoro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kouadio, Ka" uniqKey="Kouadio K">KA Kouadio</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amouzou, A" uniqKey="Amouzou A">A Amouzou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Habi, O" uniqKey="Habi O">O Habi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bensaid, K" uniqKey="Bensaid K">K Bensaïd</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ntuli, St" uniqKey="Ntuli S">ST Ntuli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Malangu, N" uniqKey="Malangu N">N Malangu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alberts, M" uniqKey="Alberts M">M Alberts</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chihana, Ml" uniqKey="Chihana M">ML Chihana</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Price, A" uniqKey="Price A">A Price</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Floyd, S" uniqKey="Floyd S">S Floyd</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mboma, S" uniqKey="Mboma S">S Mboma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mvula, H" uniqKey="Mvula H">H Mvula</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Branson, K" uniqKey="Branson K">K Branson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rasanathan, K" uniqKey="Rasanathan K">K Rasanathan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mu Iz, M" uniqKey="Mu Iz M">M Muñiz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bakshi, S" uniqKey="Bakshi S">S Bakshi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, M" uniqKey="Kumar M">M Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Solano, A" uniqKey="Solano A">A Solano</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kariuki, W" uniqKey="Kariuki W">W Kariuki</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ogbuanu, Iu" uniqKey="Ogbuanu I">IU Ogbuanu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zeko, S" uniqKey="Zeko S">S Zeko</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chu, Sy" uniqKey="Chu S">SY Chu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Muroua, C" uniqKey="Muroua C">C Muroua</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gerber, S" uniqKey="Gerber S">S Gerber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Wee, R" uniqKey="De Wee R">R De Wee</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Muhe, L" uniqKey="Muhe L">L Muhe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tilahun, M" uniqKey="Tilahun M">M Tilahun</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lulseged, S" uniqKey="Lulseged S">S Lulseged</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kebede, S" uniqKey="Kebede S">S Kebede</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Enaro, D" uniqKey="Enaro D">D Enaro</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ringertz, S" uniqKey="Ringertz S">S Ringertz</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abdel Wahab, F" uniqKey="Abdel Wahab F">F Abdel-Wahab</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ghoneim, M" uniqKey="Ghoneim M">M Ghoneim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khashaba, M" uniqKey="Khashaba M">M Khashaba</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="El Gilany, Ah" uniqKey="El Gilany A">AH El-Gilany</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abdel Hady, D" uniqKey="Abdel Hady D">D Abdel-Hady</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Were, Fn" uniqKey="Were F">FN Were</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Govedi, Af" uniqKey="Govedi A">AF Govedi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Revathi, G" uniqKey="Revathi G">G Revathi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wambani, Js" uniqKey="Wambani J">JS Wambani</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shah, Aj" uniqKey="Shah A">AJ Shah</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mulla, Sa" uniqKey="Mulla S">SA Mulla</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Revdiwala, Sb" uniqKey="Revdiwala S">SB Revdiwala</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="West, Ba" uniqKey="West B">BA West</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peterside, O" uniqKey="Peterside O">O Peterside</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adhikari, M" uniqKey="Adhikari M">M Adhikari</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pillay, T" uniqKey="Pillay T">T Pillay</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pillay, Dg" uniqKey="Pillay D">DG Pillay</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pretorius, Ma" uniqKey="Pretorius M">MA Pretorius</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madhi, Sa" uniqKey="Madhi S">SA Madhi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cohen, C" uniqKey="Cohen C">C Cohen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Naidoo, D" uniqKey="Naidoo D">D Naidoo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Groome, M" uniqKey="Groome M">M Groome</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moyes, J" uniqKey="Moyes J">J Moyes</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nair, H" uniqKey="Nair H">H Nair</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nokes, Dj" uniqKey="Nokes D">DJ Nokes</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gessner, Bd" uniqKey="Gessner B">BD Gessner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dherani, M" uniqKey="Dherani M">M Dherani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madhi, Sa" uniqKey="Madhi S">SA Madhi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Singleton, Rj" uniqKey="Singleton R">RJ Singleton</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Welliver, Rc" uniqKey="Welliver R">RC Welliver</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Checchia, Pa" uniqKey="Checchia P">PA Checchia</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bauman, Jh" uniqKey="Bauman J">JH Bauman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fernandes, Aw" uniqKey="Fernandes A">AW Fernandes</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mahadevia, Pj" uniqKey="Mahadevia P">PJ Mahadevia</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hall, Cb" uniqKey="Hall C">CB Hall</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Altman, Ca" uniqKey="Altman C">CA Altman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Englund, Ja" uniqKey="Englund J">JA Englund</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Demmler, G" uniqKey="Demmler G">G Demmler</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Drescher, Kl" uniqKey="Drescher K">KL Drescher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alexander, Ma" uniqKey="Alexander M">MA Alexander</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Watrin, C" uniqKey="Watrin C">C Watrin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hall, Cb" uniqKey="Hall C">CB Hall</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Powell, Kr" uniqKey="Powell K">KR Powell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schnabel, Kc" uniqKey="Schnabel K">KC Schnabel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gala, Cl" uniqKey="Gala C">CL Gala</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pincus, Ph" uniqKey="Pincus P">PH Pincus</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Weintraub, As" uniqKey="Weintraub A">AS Weintraub</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cadet, Ct" uniqKey="Cadet C">CT Cadet</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Perez, R" uniqKey="Perez R">R Perez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Delorenzo, E" uniqKey="Delorenzo E">E DeLorenzo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holzman, Ir" uniqKey="Holzman I">IR Holzman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stroustrup, A" uniqKey="Stroustrup A">A Stroustrup</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mathers, Nj" uniqKey="Mathers N">NJ Mathers</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pohlandt, F" uniqKey="Pohlandt F">F Pohlandt</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Engle, Wd" uniqKey="Engle W">WD Engle</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jackson, Gl" uniqKey="Jackson G">GL Jackson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sendelbach, Dm" uniqKey="Sendelbach D">DM Sendelbach</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stehel, Ek" uniqKey="Stehel E">EK Stehel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ford, Dm" uniqKey="Ford D">DM Ford</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mchugh, Km" uniqKey="Mchugh K">KM McHugh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Okolo, Aa" uniqKey="Okolo A">AA Okolo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Scott Emuakpor, Ab" uniqKey="Scott Emuakpor A">AB Scott-Emuakpor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Omene, Ja" uniqKey="Omene J">JA Omene</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sethi, S" uniqKey="Sethi S">S Sethi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharma, M" uniqKey="Sharma M">M Sharma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Narang, A" uniqKey="Narang A">A Narang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aggrawal, Pb" uniqKey="Aggrawal P">PB Aggrawal</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reuter, S" uniqKey="Reuter S">S Reuter</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moser, C" uniqKey="Moser C">C Moser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baack, M" uniqKey="Baack M">M Baack</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Forna, F" uniqKey="Forna F">F Forna</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcconnell, M" uniqKey="Mcconnell M">M McConnell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kitabire, Fn" uniqKey="Kitabire F">FN Kitabire</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Homsy, J" uniqKey="Homsy J">J Homsy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brooks, Jt" uniqKey="Brooks J">JT Brooks</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mermin, J" uniqKey="Mermin J">J Mermin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, D" uniqKey="Wilkinson D">D Wilkinson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Andersen, C" uniqKey="Andersen C">C Andersen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="O Onnell, Cp" uniqKey="O Onnell C">CP O’Donnell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Paoli, Ag" uniqKey="De Paoli A">AG De Paoli</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Esamai, F" uniqKey="Esamai F">F Esamai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tshefu, Ak" uniqKey="Tshefu A">AK Tshefu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ayede, Ai" uniqKey="Ayede A">AI Ayede</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adejuyigbe, Ea" uniqKey="Adejuyigbe E">EA Adejuyigbe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wammanda, Rd" uniqKey="Wammanda R">RD Wammanda</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baqui, Ah" uniqKey="Baqui A">AH Baqui</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Seale, Ac" uniqKey="Seale A">AC Seale</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Blencowe, H" uniqKey="Blencowe H">H Blencowe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zaidi, A" uniqKey="Zaidi A">A Zaidi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ganatra, H" uniqKey="Ganatra H">H Ganatra</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Syed, S" uniqKey="Syed S">S Syed</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Engmann, C" uniqKey="Engmann C">C Engmann</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shah, S" uniqKey="Shah S">S Shah</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zemichael, O" uniqKey="Zemichael O">O Zemichael</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meng, Hd" uniqKey="Meng H">HD Meng</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Belle, J" uniqKey="Belle J">J Belle</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cohen, H" uniqKey="Cohen H">H Cohen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shindo, N" uniqKey="Shindo N">N Shindo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lim, M" uniqKey="Lim M">M Lim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Velazquez Berumen, A" uniqKey="Velazquez Berumen A">A Velazquez-Berumen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ndihokubwayo, Jb" uniqKey="Ndihokubwayo J">JB Ndihokubwayo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Pneumonia (Nathan)</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Pneumonia (Nathan)</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Pneumonia</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2200-6133</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28702283</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5469193</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s41479-016-0003-0</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Neonatal pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Green</surname>
<given-names>Robin J.</given-names>
</name>
<address><phone>+27123545276</phone>
<email>robin.green@up.ac.za</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kolberg</surname>
<given-names>Jessica M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.49697.35</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121072298</institution-id>
<institution>Department of Paediatrics and Child Health,</institution>
<institution>University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Pretoria, South Africa</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>12</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<elocation-id>3</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>10</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author(s) 2016</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p><bold>Open Access</bold>
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>
) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><p>Neonatal pneumonia is a devastating condition. Most deaths in sub-Saharan Africa can be attributed to preventable diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria, which together killed an estimated 2.2 million children under the age of 5 years in 2012, accounting for a third of all under-five deaths in this region. Some countries are making progress in reducing mortality through community-based health schemes; however, most countries in this region are far from achieving the World Health Organization Sustainable Development Goals for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The microorganisms causing neonatal pneumonia are well known. Both bacteria and viruses are commonly responsible, while fungal organisms occur in the context of nosocomial disease, and parasites occur in HIV-infected children. The common bacterial pathogens are group B streptococci (and other streptococcal species) and Gram-negative organisms, most notably <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>
and <italic>Klebsiella</italic>
spp. The viruses that predominate are the common respiratory pathogens, namely respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinovirus, and influenza virus. Viral disease is often nosocomial and transmitted to infected neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit or other neonatal facilities by infected parents and staff. Neonatal pneumonia often presents with non-specific respiratory distress in newborns. In the premature infant it is often indistinguishable from surfactant deficiency-associated respiratory distress syndrome. Therefore, diagnostic testing that is cheap and reliable is urgently sought in this region. All neonates with pneumonia must receive broad-spectrum antibiotic cover. This usually entails the combination of penicillin and an aminoglycoside. A lack of appropriate drugs and neonatal intensive care unit facilities are hampering progress in managing neonatal pneumonia.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Neonatal</kwd>
<kwd>Pneumonia</kwd>
<kwd>Africa</kwd>
<kwd>Developing countries</kwd>
<kwd>sub-Saharan Africa</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© The Author(s) 2016</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Green, Robin J" sort="Green, Robin J" uniqKey="Green R" first="Robin J." last="Green">Robin J. Green</name>
<name sortKey="Kolberg, Jessica M" sort="Kolberg, Jessica M" uniqKey="Kolberg J" first="Jessica M." last="Kolberg">Jessica M. Kolberg</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/SidaSubSaharaV1/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 004394 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 004394 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Wicri/Sante |area= SidaSubSaharaV1 |flux= Ncbi |étape= Merge |type= RBID |clé= PMC:5469193 |texte= Neonatal pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:28702283" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SidaSubSaharaV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. | ![]() |