Concurrent sexual partnerships among married Zimbabweans – implications for HIV prevention
Identifieur interne : 003391 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 003390; suivant : 003392Concurrent sexual partnerships among married Zimbabweans – implications for HIV prevention
Auteurs : Esther Mugweni [Royaume-Uni] ; Stephen Pearson [Royaume-Uni] ; Mayeh Omar [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- International Journal of Women's Health [ 1179-1411 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Concurrent sexual partnerships play a key role in sustaining the HIV epidemic in Zimbabwe. Married couples are at an increased risk of contracting HIV from sexual networks produced by concurrent sexual partnerships. Addressing these partnerships is an international HIV prevention priority.
Our qualitative study presents the socioeconomic factors that contribute to the occurrence of concurrent sexual partnerships among married people in Zimbabwe. We conducted 36 in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions with married men and women in Zimbabwe in 2008 to understand the organizations of concurrent sexual partnerships. Data were analyzed using framework analysis.
Our study indicates that relationship dissatisfaction played a key role in the engagement of concurrent sexual partnerships. Depending on the source of the dissatisfaction, there were four possible types of concurrent sexual relationships that were formed: sex worker, casual partner, regular girlfriend or informal polygyny which was referred to as “small house”. These relationships had different levels of intimacy, which had a bearing on practicing safer sex. Participants described three characteristics of hegemonic masculinity that contributed to the sources of dissatisfaction leading to concurrent sexual activity. Similarly, various aspects of emphasized femininity were described as creating opportunities for the occurrence of concurrent sexual relationships. Economic status was also listed as a factor that contributed to the occurrence of concurrent sexual partnerships.
Marital dissatisfaction was indicated as a contributing factor to the occurrence of concurrent sexual relationships. There were several reports of satisfying marital relationships in which affairs did not occur. Lessons from these marriages can be made part of future HIV prevention interventions targeted at preventing concurrent sexual partnerships by married couples.
Url:
DOI: 10.2147/IJWH.S88884
PubMed: 26491372
PubMed Central: 4599069
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Concurrent sexual partnerships among married Zimbabweans – implications for HIV prevention</title>
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<author><name sortKey="Omar, Mayeh" sort="Omar, Mayeh" uniqKey="Omar M" first="Mayeh" last="Omar">Mayeh Omar</name>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Concurrent sexual partnerships play a key role in sustaining the HIV epidemic in Zimbabwe. Married couples are at an increased risk of contracting HIV from sexual networks produced by concurrent sexual partnerships. Addressing these partnerships is an international HIV prevention priority.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>Our qualitative study presents the socioeconomic factors that contribute to the occurrence of concurrent sexual partnerships among married people in Zimbabwe. We conducted 36 in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions with married men and women in Zimbabwe in 2008 to understand the organizations of concurrent sexual partnerships. Data were analyzed using framework analysis.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Our study indicates that relationship dissatisfaction played a key role in the engagement of concurrent sexual partnerships. Depending on the source of the dissatisfaction, there were four possible types of concurrent sexual relationships that were formed: sex worker, casual partner, regular girlfriend or informal polygyny which was referred to as “small house”. These relationships had different levels of intimacy, which had a bearing on practicing safer sex. Participants described three characteristics of hegemonic masculinity that contributed to the sources of dissatisfaction leading to concurrent sexual activity. Similarly, various aspects of emphasized femininity were described as creating opportunities for the occurrence of concurrent sexual relationships. Economic status was also listed as a factor that contributed to the occurrence of concurrent sexual partnerships.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Marital dissatisfaction was indicated as a contributing factor to the occurrence of concurrent sexual relationships. There were several reports of satisfying marital relationships in which affairs did not occur. Lessons from these marriages can be made part of future HIV prevention interventions targeted at preventing concurrent sexual partnerships by married couples.</p>
</sec>
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<author><name sortKey="Chandiwana, Sk" uniqKey="Chandiwana S">SK Chandiwana</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Womens Health</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int J Womens Health</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">International Journal of Women’s Health</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Women's Health</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1179-1411</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Dove Medical Press</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26491372</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4599069</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2147/IJWH.S88884</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ijwh-7-819</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Concurrent sexual partnerships among married Zimbabweans – implications for HIV prevention</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mugweni</surname>
<given-names>Esther</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ijwh-7-819">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-ijwh-7-819"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pearson</surname>
<given-names>Stephen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-ijwh-7-819">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Omar</surname>
<given-names>Mayeh</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-ijwh-7-819">2</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1-ijwh-7-819"><label>1</label>
UCL Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK</aff>
<aff id="af2-ijwh-7-819"><label>2</label>
The Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="c1-ijwh-7-819">Correspondence: Esther Mugweni, UCL Department of Infection and Population Health, Third Floor Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, UK, Tel +44 20 3108 2073, Email <email>e.mugweni@ucl.ac.uk</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<fpage>819</fpage>
<lpage>832</lpage>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2015 Mugweni et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license><license-p>The full terms of the License are available at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</ext-link>
. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Concurrent sexual partnerships play a key role in sustaining the HIV epidemic in Zimbabwe. Married couples are at an increased risk of contracting HIV from sexual networks produced by concurrent sexual partnerships. Addressing these partnerships is an international HIV prevention priority.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>Our qualitative study presents the socioeconomic factors that contribute to the occurrence of concurrent sexual partnerships among married people in Zimbabwe. We conducted 36 in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions with married men and women in Zimbabwe in 2008 to understand the organizations of concurrent sexual partnerships. Data were analyzed using framework analysis.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Our study indicates that relationship dissatisfaction played a key role in the engagement of concurrent sexual partnerships. Depending on the source of the dissatisfaction, there were four possible types of concurrent sexual relationships that were formed: sex worker, casual partner, regular girlfriend or informal polygyny which was referred to as “small house”. These relationships had different levels of intimacy, which had a bearing on practicing safer sex. Participants described three characteristics of hegemonic masculinity that contributed to the sources of dissatisfaction leading to concurrent sexual activity. Similarly, various aspects of emphasized femininity were described as creating opportunities for the occurrence of concurrent sexual relationships. Economic status was also listed as a factor that contributed to the occurrence of concurrent sexual partnerships.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Marital dissatisfaction was indicated as a contributing factor to the occurrence of concurrent sexual relationships. There were several reports of satisfying marital relationships in which affairs did not occur. Lessons from these marriages can be made part of future HIV prevention interventions targeted at preventing concurrent sexual partnerships by married couples.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>concurrent sexual partnerships</kwd>
<kwd>HIV</kwd>
<kwd>marriage</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group><fig id="f1-ijwh-7-819" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label>
<caption><p>Cycle of extramarital relationships.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ijwh-7-819Fig1"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="f2-ijwh-7-819" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label>
<caption><p>Participants’ explanations for men’s lust.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ijwh-7-819Fig2"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="f3-ijwh-7-819" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label>
<caption><p>Characteristics of emphasized femininity that shaped extramarital sexual activity.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ijwh-7-819Fig3"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="t1-ijwh-7-819" position="float"><label>Table 1</label>
<caption><p>Sociodemographic characteristics of interview and focus group discussion participants</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Men (%) n=33</th>
<th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Women (%) n=31</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age group, years</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20–24</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.7</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25–34</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">33.3</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32.3</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35–44</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48.5</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">38.7</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> >45</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18.2</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19.3</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Employment status</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Informal</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">51.5</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48.4</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Formal</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48.5</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25.8</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Unemployed</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25.8</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Number of years married</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <6</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">36.4</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">38.7</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6–15</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">45.5</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32.3</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> >15</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18.2</td>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22.6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li>
</country>
<region><li>Angleterre</li>
<li>Grand Londres</li>
<li>Yorkshire-et-Humber</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Leeds</li>
<li>Londres</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>University College de Londres</li>
<li>Université de Leeds</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Mugweni, Esther" sort="Mugweni, Esther" uniqKey="Mugweni E" first="Esther" last="Mugweni">Esther Mugweni</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Omar, Mayeh" sort="Omar, Mayeh" uniqKey="Omar M" first="Mayeh" last="Omar">Mayeh Omar</name>
<name sortKey="Pearson, Stephen" sort="Pearson, Stephen" uniqKey="Pearson S" first="Stephen" last="Pearson">Stephen Pearson</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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