What is new in HIV/AIDS research in developing countries?
Identifieur interne : 000C95 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 000C94; suivant : 000C96What is new in HIV/AIDS research in developing countries?
Auteurs : Anatoli Kamali [Ouganda]Source :
- Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH [ 1365-3156 ] ; 2010.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- tendances : Recherche biomédicale.
- usage thérapeutique : Agents antiVIH, Infections à VIH.
- Humains, Infections opportunistes liées au SIDA, Infections à VIH, Pays en voie de développement, Recherche biomédicale, Vaccins contre le SIDA.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Anti-HIV Agents.
- chemical : AIDS Vaccines.
- methods : Biomedical Research.
- prevention & control : AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, HIV Infections.
- transmission : HIV Infections.
- trends : Biomedical Research.
- Developing Countries, Humans.
Abstract
HIV epidemic has had greatest impact in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and mainly in East and Southern Africa with HIV prevalence in some parts going up to 30%. In the recent years, considerable HIV research on prevention, treatment and care, and vaccine has been conducted in many developing countries and provided evidence-based knowledge to control the epidemic. However, there have also been disappointing results in HIV prevention trials such as in HIV vaccine and microbicide trials. Despite these outcomes, important lessons have been learnt that help in designing future trials. This article examines the recent advances in HIV research in developing countries. The most recent HIV prevention research has demonstrated the effect of male circumcision on HIV acquisition, and lack of impact of HSV-2 treatment on HIV transmission and acquisition. Use of HIV antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) for HIV prevention is a new area that has attracted interest and a number of trials are examining the effect of oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis on HIV acquisition and also looking at the potential of ARVs in reducing infectiousness. Progress has been made in HIV treatment, monitoring treatment efficacy and toxicity as well as evaluation of different models of ART delivery. HIV vaccine research has, however, faced most challenges despite many efforts that have been put in. Looking into the future, there are ongoing trials that will hopefully generate important information to strengthen HIV policies in the next few years. There are, however, many other gaps in HIV research that need to be urgently addressed.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02566.x
PubMed: 20545914
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<term>Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Biomedical Research (methods)</term>
<term>Biomedical Research (trends)</term>
<term>Developing Countries</term>
<term>HIV Infections (prevention & control)</term>
<term>HIV Infections (transmission)</term>
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<term>Infections opportunistes liées au SIDA ()</term>
<term>Infections à VIH ()</term>
<term>Infections à VIH (transmission)</term>
<term>Pays en voie de développement</term>
<term>Recherche biomédicale ()</term>
<term>Recherche biomédicale (tendances)</term>
<term>Vaccins contre le SIDA</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-HIV Agents</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>AIDS Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Biomedical Research</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections</term>
<term>HIV Infections</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="tendances" xml:lang="fr"><term>Recherche biomédicale</term>
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<term>Infections à VIH</term>
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<term>Humans</term>
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<term>Infections opportunistes liées au SIDA</term>
<term>Infections à VIH</term>
<term>Pays en voie de développement</term>
<term>Recherche biomédicale</term>
<term>Vaccins contre le SIDA</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">HIV epidemic has had greatest impact in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and mainly in East and Southern Africa with HIV prevalence in some parts going up to 30%. In the recent years, considerable HIV research on prevention, treatment and care, and vaccine has been conducted in many developing countries and provided evidence-based knowledge to control the epidemic. However, there have also been disappointing results in HIV prevention trials such as in HIV vaccine and microbicide trials. Despite these outcomes, important lessons have been learnt that help in designing future trials. This article examines the recent advances in HIV research in developing countries. The most recent HIV prevention research has demonstrated the effect of male circumcision on HIV acquisition, and lack of impact of HSV-2 treatment on HIV transmission and acquisition. Use of HIV antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) for HIV prevention is a new area that has attracted interest and a number of trials are examining the effect of oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis on HIV acquisition and also looking at the potential of ARVs in reducing infectiousness. Progress has been made in HIV treatment, monitoring treatment efficacy and toxicity as well as evaluation of different models of ART delivery. HIV vaccine research has, however, faced most challenges despite many efforts that have been put in. Looking into the future, there are ongoing trials that will hopefully generate important information to strengthen HIV policies in the next few years. There are, however, many other gaps in HIV research that need to be urgently addressed.</div>
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