Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review
Identifieur interne : 002B75 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 002B74; suivant : 002B76Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review
Auteurs : Susanne Hempel ; Gill Norman ; Su Golder ; Raquel Aguiar-Ibá Ez ; Alison EastwoodSource :
- Journal of Advanced Nursing [ 0309-2402 ] ; 2008-11.
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Abstract
Title. Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review. Aim. This paper is a report of a scoping review to systematically identify and collate the evidence on psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease. Background. Carers are critical to people with Parkinson’s disease maintaining independent living and quality of life. Parkinson’s disease imposes a challenging constellation of symptoms and no summary of effective interventions for carers and their unique support needs exists. Data sources. Thirty electronic databases were searched from their inception to July 2006, and bibliographies and specific internet sites were scanned. Methods. Eligible studies were categorized according to design, type of economic evaluation where applicable, number of participants, country of evaluation, intervention, orientation, provider, setting, method of delivery, carer population, patient population, carer outcomes, patient outcomes and authors’ conclusions. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by another reviewer; discrepancies were resolved through discussion or arbitration by a third reviewer. Findings. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. Most investigated relatively unique interventions involving multiple elements; the majority were not aimed primarily at carers but were embedded in patient treatment programmes. Many were pilot studies, employing weak research designs and involving very small numbers of participants and most were not designed to assess the clinical or cost effectiveness of the intervention for the carers. Conclusion. Several interventions merit further investigation but there is currently little evidence to show which approaches are effective and cost effective in supporting carers. Future studies need to employ appropriate and rigorous research designs with adequate samples and outcome measures, and with more focus on the carer.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04806.x
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ISTEX:F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462Le document en format XML
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Golder</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Su Golder BSc MSc MRC Fellow in Health Services Research Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aguiar Ba Ez, Raquel" sort="Aguiar Ba Ez, Raquel" uniqKey="Aguiar Ba Ez R" first="Raquel" last="Aguiar-Ibá Ez">Raquel Aguiar-Ibá Ez</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Raquel Aguiar‐Ibáñez MSc Research Fellow London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Health Services Research Unit, London, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eastwood, Alison" sort="Eastwood, Alison" uniqKey="Eastwood A" first="Alison" last="Eastwood">Alison Eastwood</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Alison Eastwood BA MSc Senior Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno 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last="Norman">Gill Norman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Gill Norman BA MSc PhD Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Golder, Su" sort="Golder, Su" uniqKey="Golder S" first="Su" last="Golder">Su Golder</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Su Golder BSc MSc MRC Fellow in Health Services Research Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aguiar Ba Ez, Raquel" sort="Aguiar Ba Ez, Raquel" uniqKey="Aguiar Ba Ez R" first="Raquel" last="Aguiar-Ibá Ez">Raquel Aguiar-Ibá Ez</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Raquel Aguiar‐Ibáñez MSc Research Fellow London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Health Services Research Unit, London, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eastwood, Alison" sort="Eastwood, Alison" uniqKey="Eastwood A" first="Alison" last="Eastwood">Alison Eastwood</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Alison Eastwood BA MSc Senior Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Advanced Nursing</title><idno type="ISSN">0309-2402</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2648</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-11">2008-11</date><biblScope unit="volume">64</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="214">214</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="228">228</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0309-2402</idno></series><idno type="istex">F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04806.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JAN4806</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0309-2402</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson’s disease</term><term>carer</term><term>family members</term><term>psychosocial intervention</term><term>scoping review</term><term>support</term><term>systematic review</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Title. Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review. Aim. This paper is a report of a scoping review to systematically identify and collate the evidence on psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease. Background. Carers are critical to people with Parkinson’s disease maintaining independent living and quality of life. Parkinson’s disease imposes a challenging constellation of symptoms and no summary of effective interventions for carers and their unique support needs exists. Data sources. Thirty electronic databases were searched from their inception to July 2006, and bibliographies and specific internet sites were scanned. Methods. Eligible studies were categorized according to design, type of economic evaluation where applicable, number of participants, country of evaluation, intervention, orientation, provider, setting, method of delivery, carer population, patient population, carer outcomes, patient outcomes and authors’ conclusions. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by another reviewer; discrepancies were resolved through discussion or arbitration by a third reviewer. Findings. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. Most investigated relatively unique interventions involving multiple elements; the majority were not aimed primarily at carers but were embedded in patient treatment programmes. Many were pilot studies, employing weak research designs and involving very small numbers of participants and most were not designed to assess the clinical or cost effectiveness of the intervention for the carers. Conclusion. Several interventions merit further investigation but there is currently little evidence to show which approaches are effective and cost effective in supporting carers. Future studies need to employ appropriate and rigorous research designs with adequate samples and outcome measures, and with more focus on the carer.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Susanne Hempel</name><affiliations><json:string>Susanne Hempel BA MA PhD Affiliate Associate Behavioral Scientist RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Social Sciences Group, Santa Monica, California, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gill Norman</name><affiliations><json:string>Gill Norman BA MSc PhD Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Su Golder</name><affiliations><json:string>Su Golder BSc MSc MRC Fellow in Health Services Research Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Raquel Aguiar‐Ibáñez</name><affiliations><json:string>Raquel Aguiar‐Ibáñez MSc Research Fellow London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Health Services Research Unit, London, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alison Eastwood</name><affiliations><json:string>Alison Eastwood BA MSc Senior Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>carer</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>family members</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson’s disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>psychosocial intervention</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>scoping review</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>support</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>systematic review</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JAN4806</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>Title. Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review. Aim. This paper is a report of a scoping review to systematically identify and collate the evidence on psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease. Background. Carers are critical to people with Parkinson’s disease maintaining independent living and quality of life. Parkinson’s disease imposes a challenging constellation of symptoms and no summary of effective interventions for carers and their unique support needs exists. Data sources. Thirty electronic databases were searched from their inception to July 2006, and bibliographies and specific internet sites were scanned. Methods. Eligible studies were categorized according to design, type of economic evaluation where applicable, number of participants, country of evaluation, intervention, orientation, provider, setting, method of delivery, carer population, patient population, carer outcomes, patient outcomes and authors’ conclusions. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by another reviewer; discrepancies were resolved through discussion or arbitration by a third reviewer. Findings. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. Most investigated relatively unique interventions involving multiple elements; the majority were not aimed primarily at carers but were embedded in patient treatment programmes. Many were pilot studies, employing weak research designs and involving very small numbers of participants and most were not designed to assess the clinical or cost effectiveness of the intervention for the carers. Conclusion. Several interventions merit further investigation but there is currently little evidence to show which approaches are effective and cost effective in supporting carers. Future studies need to employ appropriate and rigorous research designs with adequate samples and outcome measures, and with more focus on the carer.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>7</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2006</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>7715</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>54205</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>15</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>272</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review</title><genre><json:string>review-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>64</volume><publisherId><json:string>JAN</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>15</total><last>228</last><first>214</first></pages><issn><json:string>0309-2402</json:string></issn><issue>3</issue><genre><json:string>Journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1365-2648</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Advanced Nursing</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2648</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2008</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2008</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04806.x</json:string></doi><id>F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2008</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review</title><author><persName><forename type="first">Susanne</forename><surname>Hempel</surname></persName><affiliation>Susanne Hempel BA MA PhD Affiliate Associate Behavioral Scientist RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Social Sciences Group, Santa Monica, California, USA</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Gill</forename><surname>Norman</surname></persName><affiliation>Gill Norman BA MSc PhD Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Su</forename><surname>Golder</surname></persName><affiliation>Su Golder BSc MSc MRC Fellow in Health Services Research Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Raquel</forename><surname>Aguiar‐Ibáñez</surname></persName><affiliation>Raquel Aguiar‐Ibáñez MSc Research Fellow London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Health Services Research Unit, London, UK</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Alison</forename><surname>Eastwood</surname></persName><affiliation>Alison Eastwood BA MSc Senior Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Advanced Nursing</title><idno type="pISSN">0309-2402</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2648</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2648</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-11"></date><biblScope unit="volume">64</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="214">214</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="228">228</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04806.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JAN4806</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2008</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Title. Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review. Aim. This paper is a report of a scoping review to systematically identify and collate the evidence on psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease. Background. Carers are critical to people with Parkinson’s disease maintaining independent living and quality of life. Parkinson’s disease imposes a challenging constellation of symptoms and no summary of effective interventions for carers and their unique support needs exists. Data sources. Thirty electronic databases were searched from their inception to July 2006, and bibliographies and specific internet sites were scanned. Methods. Eligible studies were categorized according to design, type of economic evaluation where applicable, number of participants, country of evaluation, intervention, orientation, provider, setting, method of delivery, carer population, patient population, carer outcomes, patient outcomes and authors’ conclusions. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by another reviewer; discrepancies were resolved through discussion or arbitration by a third reviewer. Findings. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. Most investigated relatively unique interventions involving multiple elements; the majority were not aimed primarily at carers but were embedded in patient treatment programmes. Many were pilot studies, employing weak research designs and involving very small numbers of participants and most were not designed to assess the clinical or cost effectiveness of the intervention for the carers. Conclusion. Several interventions merit further investigation but there is currently little evidence to show which approaches are effective and cost effective in supporting carers. Future studies need to employ appropriate and rigorous research designs with adequate samples and outcome measures, and with more focus on the carer.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>carer</term></item><item><term>family members</term></item><item><term>Parkinson’s disease</term></item><item><term>psychosocial intervention</term></item><item><term>scoping review</term></item><item><term>support</term></item><item><term>systematic review</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-11">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2648</doi><issn type="print">0309-2402</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-2648</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JAN"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING">Journal of Advanced Nursing</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="11003"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jan.2008.64.issue-3</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="64">64</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="3">3</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2008-11">November 2008</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="reviewArticle" position="2" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04806.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JAN4806"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="15"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">REVIEW PAPER</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2008-09-10"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2008-10-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText" date="2010-03-06"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-24"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="214">214</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="228">228</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>S. Hempel: e‐mail: <email>susanne_hempel@rand.org</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JAN.JAN4806.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Accepted for publication 4 July 2008</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="6"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review</title><title type="shortAuthors"><i>S. Hempel</i> et al.</title><title type="short"><i>Support for carers of people with PD</i></title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Susanne</givenNames><familyName>Hempel</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Gill</givenNames><familyName>Norman</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Su</givenNames><familyName>Golder</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>Raquel</givenNames><familyName>Aguiar‐Ibáñez</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a5"><personName><givenNames>Alison</givenNames><familyName>Eastwood</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Susanne Hempel BA MA PhD Affiliate Associate Behavioral Scientist RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Social Sciences Group, Santa Monica, California, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Gill Norman BA MSc PhD Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Su Golder BSc MSc MRC Fellow in Health Services Research Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Raquel Aguiar‐Ibáñez MSc Research Fellow London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Health Services Research Unit, London, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a5" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Alison Eastwood BA MSc Senior Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">carer</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">family members</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">Parkinson’s disease</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">psychosocial intervention</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">scoping review</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">support</keyword><keyword xml:id="k7">systematic review</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><!-- hempel s., norman g., golder s., aguiar-ibáñez r. & eastwood a. (2008)  Psychosocial interventions for non-professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 64(3), 214–228<title type="main">Abstract</title><p><b>Title. </b> <b>Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review.</b> </p><p><b>Aim. </b> This paper is a report of a scoping review to systematically identify and collate the evidence on psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease.</p><p><b>Background. </b> Carers are critical to people with Parkinson’s disease maintaining independent living and quality of life. Parkinson’s disease imposes a challenging constellation of symptoms and no summary of effective interventions for carers and their unique support needs exists.</p><p><b>Data sources. </b> Thirty electronic databases were searched from their inception to July 2006, and bibliographies and specific internet sites were scanned.</p><p><b>Methods. </b> Eligible studies were categorized according to design, type of economic evaluation where applicable, number of participants, country of evaluation, intervention, orientation, provider, setting, method of delivery, carer population, patient population, carer outcomes, patient outcomes and authors’ conclusions. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by another reviewer; discrepancies were resolved through discussion or arbitration by a third reviewer.</p><p><b>Findings. </b> Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. Most investigated relatively unique interventions involving multiple elements; the majority were not aimed primarily at carers but were embedded in patient treatment programmes. Many were pilot studies, employing weak research designs and involving very small numbers of participants and most were not designed to assess the clinical or cost effectiveness of the intervention for the carers.</p><p><b>Conclusion. </b> Several interventions merit further investigation but there is currently little evidence to show which approaches are effective and cost effective in supporting carers. Future studies need to employ appropriate and rigorous research designs with adequate samples and outcome measures, and with more focus on the carer.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Support for carers of people with PD</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Susanne</namePart><namePart type="family">Hempel</namePart><affiliation>Susanne Hempel BA MA PhD Affiliate Associate Behavioral Scientist RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Social Sciences Group, Santa Monica, California, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gill</namePart><namePart type="family">Norman</namePart><affiliation>Gill Norman BA MSc PhD Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Su</namePart><namePart type="family">Golder</namePart><affiliation>Su Golder BSc MSc MRC Fellow in Health Services Research Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Raquel</namePart><namePart type="family">Aguiar‐Ibáñez</namePart><affiliation>Raquel Aguiar‐Ibáñez MSc Research Fellow London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Health Services Research Unit, London, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alison</namePart><namePart type="family">Eastwood</namePart><affiliation>Alison Eastwood BA MSc Senior Research Fellow Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="review-article" displayLabel="reviewArticle"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2008-11</dateIssued><edition>Accepted for publication 4 July 2008</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">6</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Title. Psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic scoping review. Aim. This paper is a report of a scoping review to systematically identify and collate the evidence on psychosocial interventions for non‐professional carers of people with Parkinson’s disease. Background. Carers are critical to people with Parkinson’s disease maintaining independent living and quality of life. Parkinson’s disease imposes a challenging constellation of symptoms and no summary of effective interventions for carers and their unique support needs exists. Data sources. Thirty electronic databases were searched from their inception to July 2006, and bibliographies and specific internet sites were scanned. Methods. Eligible studies were categorized according to design, type of economic evaluation where applicable, number of participants, country of evaluation, intervention, orientation, provider, setting, method of delivery, carer population, patient population, carer outcomes, patient outcomes and authors’ conclusions. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by another reviewer; discrepancies were resolved through discussion or arbitration by a third reviewer. Findings. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. Most investigated relatively unique interventions involving multiple elements; the majority were not aimed primarily at carers but were embedded in patient treatment programmes. Many were pilot studies, employing weak research designs and involving very small numbers of participants and most were not designed to assess the clinical or cost effectiveness of the intervention for the carers. Conclusion. Several interventions merit further investigation but there is currently little evidence to show which approaches are effective and cost effective in supporting carers. Future studies need to employ appropriate and rigorous research designs with adequate samples and outcome measures, and with more focus on the carer.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>carer</topic><topic>family members</topic><topic>Parkinson’s disease</topic><topic>psychosocial intervention</topic><topic>scoping review</topic><topic>support</topic><topic>systematic review</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Advanced Nursing</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0309-2402</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-2648</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2648</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JAN</identifier><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>64</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>214</start><end>228</end><total>15</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">F51E4C456DCE626B4E6BB1E4AAC9E62EE933B462</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04806.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JAN4806</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2008 The Authors. 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