Monoaminergic Antidepressants in the Relief of Pain: Potential Therapeutic Utility of Triple Reuptake Inhibitors (TRIs)
Identifieur interne : 000674 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000673; suivant : 000675Monoaminergic Antidepressants in the Relief of Pain: Potential Therapeutic Utility of Triple Reuptake Inhibitors (TRIs)
Auteurs : Guillaume Hache ; François Coudore ; Alain M. Gardier ; Bruno P. GuiardSource :
- Pharmaceuticals [ 1424-8247 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Over 75% of depressed patients suffer from painful symptoms predicting a greater severity and a less favorable outcome of depression. Imaging, anatomical and functional studies have demonstrated the existence of common brain structures, neuronal pathways and neurotransmitters in depression and pain. In particular, the ascending serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways originating from the raphe nuclei and the locus coeruleus; respectively, send projections to the limbic system. Such pathways control many of the psychological functions that are disturbed in depression and in the perception of pain. On the other hand, the descending pathways, from monoaminergic nuclei to the spinal cord, are specifically implicated in the inhibition of nociception providing rationale for the use of serotonin (5-HT) and/or norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs, NRIs, SNRIs), in the relief of pain. Compelling evidence suggests that dopamine (DA) is also involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Indeed, recent insights have demonstrated a central role for DA in analgesia through an action at both the spinal and suprasinal levels including brain regions such as the periaqueductal grey (PAG), the thalamus, the basal ganglia and the limbic system. In this context, dopaminergic antidepressants (
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/ph4020285
PubMed: NONE
PubMed Central: 4053958
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Monoaminergic Antidepressants in the Relief of Pain: Potential Therapeutic Utility of Triple Reuptake Inhibitors (TRIs)</title>
<author><name sortKey="Hache, Guillaume" sort="Hache, Guillaume" uniqKey="Hache G" first="Guillaume" last="Hache">Guillaume Hache</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Gardier, Alain M" sort="Gardier, Alain M" uniqKey="Gardier A" first="Alain M." last="Gardier">Alain M. Gardier</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Guiard, Bruno P" sort="Guiard, Bruno P" uniqKey="Guiard B" first="Bruno P." last="Guiard">Bruno P. Guiard</name>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Over 75% of depressed patients suffer from painful symptoms predicting a greater severity and a less favorable outcome of depression. Imaging, anatomical and functional studies have demonstrated the existence of common brain structures, neuronal pathways and neurotransmitters in depression and pain. In particular, the ascending serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways originating from the raphe nuclei and the locus coeruleus; respectively, send projections to the limbic system. Such pathways control many of the psychological functions that are disturbed in depression and in the perception of pain. On the other hand, the descending pathways, from monoaminergic nuclei to the spinal cord, are specifically implicated in the inhibition of nociception providing rationale for the use of serotonin (5-HT) and/or norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs, NRIs, SNRIs), in the relief of pain. Compelling evidence suggests that dopamine (DA) is also involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Indeed, recent insights have demonstrated a central role for DA in analgesia through an action at both the spinal and suprasinal levels including brain regions such as the periaqueductal grey (PAG), the thalamus, the basal ganglia and the limbic system. In this context, dopaminergic antidepressants (<italic>i.e.</italic>
, containing dopaminergic activity), such as bupropion, nomifensine and more recently triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs), might represent new promising therapeutic tools in the treatment of painful symptoms with depression. Nevertheless, whether the addition of the dopaminergic component produces more robust effects than single- or dual-acting agents, has yet to be demonstrated. This article reviews the main pathways regulating pain transmission in relation with the monoaminergic systems. It then focuses on the current knowledge regarding the <italic>in vivo</italic>
pharmacological properties and mechanism of action of monoaminergic antidepressants including SSRIs, NRIs, SNRIs and TRIs. Finally, a synthesis of the preclinical studies supporting the efficacy of these antidepressants in analgesia is also addressed in order to highlight the relative contribution of 5-HT, NE and DA to nociception.</p>
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<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Pharmaceuticals (Basel)</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Pharmaceuticals (Basel)</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmaceuticals</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Pharmaceuticals</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1424-8247</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>MDPI</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4053958</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3390/ph4020285</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">pharmaceuticals-04-00285</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Monoaminergic Antidepressants in the Relief of Pain: Potential Therapeutic Utility of Triple Reuptake Inhibitors (TRIs)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hache</surname>
<given-names>Guillaume</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-pharmaceuticals-04-00285"><sup>*</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Coudore</surname>
<given-names>François</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gardier</surname>
<given-names>Alain M.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Guiard</surname>
<given-names>Bruno P.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<aff id="af1-pharmaceuticals-04-00285">Faculty of Pharmacy, EA 3544, University of Paris XI, Châtenay-Malabry cedex F-92296, France</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="c1-pharmaceuticals-04-00285"><label>*</label>
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: <email>guillaum.hache@gmail.com</email>
; Tel.: 011-331-46-83-53-61.</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>2</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>285</fpage>
<lpage>342</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>22</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2010</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>10</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
<license><license-p><pmc-comment>CREATIVE COMMONS</pmc-comment>
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link>
).</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Over 75% of depressed patients suffer from painful symptoms predicting a greater severity and a less favorable outcome of depression. Imaging, anatomical and functional studies have demonstrated the existence of common brain structures, neuronal pathways and neurotransmitters in depression and pain. In particular, the ascending serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways originating from the raphe nuclei and the locus coeruleus; respectively, send projections to the limbic system. Such pathways control many of the psychological functions that are disturbed in depression and in the perception of pain. On the other hand, the descending pathways, from monoaminergic nuclei to the spinal cord, are specifically implicated in the inhibition of nociception providing rationale for the use of serotonin (5-HT) and/or norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs, NRIs, SNRIs), in the relief of pain. Compelling evidence suggests that dopamine (DA) is also involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Indeed, recent insights have demonstrated a central role for DA in analgesia through an action at both the spinal and suprasinal levels including brain regions such as the periaqueductal grey (PAG), the thalamus, the basal ganglia and the limbic system. In this context, dopaminergic antidepressants (<italic>i.e.</italic>
, containing dopaminergic activity), such as bupropion, nomifensine and more recently triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs), might represent new promising therapeutic tools in the treatment of painful symptoms with depression. Nevertheless, whether the addition of the dopaminergic component produces more robust effects than single- or dual-acting agents, has yet to be demonstrated. This article reviews the main pathways regulating pain transmission in relation with the monoaminergic systems. It then focuses on the current knowledge regarding the <italic>in vivo</italic>
pharmacological properties and mechanism of action of monoaminergic antidepressants including SSRIs, NRIs, SNRIs and TRIs. Finally, a synthesis of the preclinical studies supporting the efficacy of these antidepressants in analgesia is also addressed in order to highlight the relative contribution of 5-HT, NE and DA to nociception.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>antidepressant</kwd>
<kwd>serotonin</kwd>
<kwd>norepinephrine</kwd>
<kwd>dopamine</kwd>
<kwd>monoamine transporters</kwd>
<kwd>mood disorders</kwd>
<kwd>pain</kwd>
<kwd>SSRI</kwd>
<kwd>NRI</kwd>
<kwd>SNRI</kwd>
<kwd>triple reuptake inhibitors</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group><fig id="f1-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label>
<caption><p>Schematic illustration of the main pathways involving monoaminergic systems in the modulation of pain perception.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="pharmaceuticals-04-00285f1"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="t1-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" position="float"><label>Table 1</label>
<caption><p><italic>In vitro</italic>
reuptake inhibition of monoamines transporters by monoaminergic reuptake inhibitors from rat synaptosomal fractions. * Ki values (nM).</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><bold>Drug</bold>
</th>
<th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><bold>Mechanism</bold>
</th>
<th colspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1"><bold><italic>In vitro</italic>
functional activity – Uptake inhibition into rat brain synaptosomes (IC50, nM)</bold>
</th>
<th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><bold>Ref</bold>
</th>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><th valign="bottom" colspan="3" rowspan="1"><hr></hr>
</th>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[3H]5-HT</th>
<th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[3H]NE</th>
<th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[3H]DA</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Citalopram</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SERT</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼3.9</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼6100</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">>10,000</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b140-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">140</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Escitalopram</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼2</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼2500</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">>10,000</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b140-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">140</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fluoxetine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼32</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼630</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼5170</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b141-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">141</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fluvoxamine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼10</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1000</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">>10,000</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b141-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">141</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paroxetine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼0.5</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼97</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1170</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b141-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">141</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sertraline</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼58</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1200</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1100</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b142-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">142</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Atomoxetine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NET</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼170</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼0.25</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b143-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">143</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Desipramine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼380</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼3580</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b141-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">141</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Reboxetine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼794</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼2</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">>10,000</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b144-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">144</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Duloxetine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SERT - NET</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1.5</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼40</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b143-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">143</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Milnacipran</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼28</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼29</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">>10,000</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b141-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">141</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Venlafaxine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼63</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼316</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼7940</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b144-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">144</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Bupropion</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NET - DAT</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼19,900</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1500</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼600</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b145-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">145</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Nomifensine</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼830</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼6.6</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼48</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b145-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">145</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">DOV102677</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SERT - NET - DAT</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼133</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼103</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼129</td>
<td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b146-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">146</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">DOV21947</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼12.3</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼22.8</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼96</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b147-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">147</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">JNJ-7925476</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1*</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼0.9*</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼2.6*</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b148-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">148</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PRC200-SS</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼2.1*</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼1.5*</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">∼61*</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b149-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">149</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="t2-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" position="float"><label>Table 2</label>
<caption><p><italic>In vivo</italic>
elecrophysiological effects of monoaminergic reuptake inhibitors on the firing activity of DR 5-HT, LC NE and VTA DA neurons in rats. [---]: 100% of inhibition, [--] between 50 and 100% of inhibition, [-] <50% inhibition, (0) No significant effect, (ND): Not Determined. Values into brakets indicate the dose that produces 50% of complete inhibition of neuronal activity (IC<sub>50</sub>
).</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><bold>Drug</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><bold>Mechanism</bold>
</th>
<th colspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1"><bold><italic>In vivo</italic>
functional activity – Inhibition of neuronal activity (IC<sub>50</sub>
, μg/kg; iv)</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><bold>Ref</bold>
</th>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><th valign="bottom" colspan="3" rowspan="1"><hr></hr>
</th>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>DR 5-HT</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>LC NE</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>VTA DA</bold>
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Citalopram</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SERT</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">- - -<break></break>
(∼250)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b116-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">116</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b133-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">133</xref>
] [<xref rid="b162-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">162</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Escitalopram</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼60)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b116-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">116</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b133-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">133</xref>
] [<xref rid="b163-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">163</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fluoxetine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼5000)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b162-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">162</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b132-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">132</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fluvoxamine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼600)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b164-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">164</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paroxetine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼240)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b164-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">164</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b165-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">165</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sertraline</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼180)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b164-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">164</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Atomoxetine</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NET</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Desipramine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼240)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b166-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">166</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b165-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">165</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Reboxetine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼110–480)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b134-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">134</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b144-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">144</xref>
] [<xref rid="b158-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">158</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Duloxetine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SERT - NET</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼10-700)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼480)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b167-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">167</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b168-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">168</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Milnacipran</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼5700)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ND</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b169-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">169</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Venlafaxine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼110-230)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼700-1000)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b165-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">165</xref>
]<break></break>
[<xref rid="b144-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">144</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Bupropion</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NET - DAT</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b170-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">170</xref>
] [<xref rid="b171-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">171</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Nomifensine</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼40)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">---<break></break>
(∼450)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b172-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">172</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SEP225289</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SERT - NET - DAT</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">- -</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b173-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">173</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#C0C0C0"><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">DOV216303</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">- -</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b173-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">173</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="t3-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" position="float"><label>Table 3</label>
<caption><p>Effects of monoaminergic reuptake inhibitors on different models of acute and chronic pain in rodents.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="box" rules="all"><thead><tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Drug (Mechanism)</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Animal</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Treatment (Duration; dose; route)</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Pain Model</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Test</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Effect</bold>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Ref</bold>
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="26" colspan="1">Citalopram (SERT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 50 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b225-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">225</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b246-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">246</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute Inflammatory <italic>PBQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b219-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">219</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5 to 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b222-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">222</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b247-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">247</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hind pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10-30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–10 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Visceral</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colonic distension</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b248-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">248</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 3–10 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Visceral</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colonic distension</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 10 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Comorbid anxiety</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hargreaves</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b249-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">249</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">- ; -; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b223-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">223</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">- ; - ; i.c.v</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="8" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 10–25 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="8" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b224-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">224</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail withdrawal</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">C; 10–25 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail withdrawal</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–10 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 25 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–25 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Electrical</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Flinch-jump test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 10–25 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Electrical</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Flinch-jump test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Escitalopram (SERT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0,5 to 50 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b225-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">225</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="55" colspan="1">Fluoxetine (SERT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b251-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">251</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–40 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b252-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">252</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 10 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b253-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">253</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 15 μg; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="8" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b234-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">234</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail Pinch</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 5–10 mg/kg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail Pinch</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 15 μg; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail Pinch</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 5–10 mg/kg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail Pinch</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–10–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b226-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">226</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 25 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b225-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">225</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 10–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail Immersion</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b254-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">254</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot Plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">-; -; -</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b255-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">255</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>PPQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b256-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">256</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 56 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">-; -; -</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b238-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">238</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SC; 20 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b257-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">257</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-; -; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b258-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">258</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–10–30 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b259-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">259</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–60 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw oedema</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b260-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">260</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 20 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw oedema</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw oedema</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b261-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">261</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 0,8 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b233-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">233</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.32 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 0.16 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b227-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">227</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 1 μg; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 100–300 nmol; i.pl.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin 2nd phase</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b262-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">262</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thermal hyperalgesia</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 0.5–1–2–4 mg/kg; i.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b263-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">263</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.25 mg/kg; i.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Electrical</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NIWR</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b264-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">264</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pin Prick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b265-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">265</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–10 mg/kg; -</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail jerk</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b239-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">239</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="22" colspan="1">Fluvoxamine (SERT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 2–6–12 μg; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b266-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">266</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 10 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b267-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">267</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hargreaves</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b268-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">268</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30–100 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30–100 μg; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 1–70 mg/kg;i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b225-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">225</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b269-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">269</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.6–10 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.6–2.7 μg; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b219-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">219</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>PBQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 20 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Arthritis</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b236-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">236</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b228-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">228</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 0.5–1–2–4 mg/kg; i.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b263-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">263</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.25 mg/kg; i.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Electrical</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NIWR</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5 to 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b222-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">222</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 1 mol to 1 μmol; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b241-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">241</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="15" colspan="1">Paroxetine (SERT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 4 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b102-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">102</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">SC; 5 mmol/j; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–10 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b231-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">231</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">-; -; -</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b255-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">255</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–10–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b235-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">235</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b230-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">230</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3.8 mg/kg (<italic>ED<sub>50</sub>
</italic>
); s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b270-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">270</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>PPQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b256-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">256</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 0.1–100 nmol; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b241-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">241</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–100 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b271-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">271</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="7" colspan="1">Sertraline (SERT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b232-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">232</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 5 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 30 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b229-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">229</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b222-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">222</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3.6 to 28.8 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw oedema</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b261-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">261</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b242-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">242</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="27" colspan="1">Desipramine (NET)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 10 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b272-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">272</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b273-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">273</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.5 to 20mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot Plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.5–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.5–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b219-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">219</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>PBQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>PPQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b256-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">256</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 100mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 10 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b274-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">274</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–30 μg ; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b275-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">275</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 60–100 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b222-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">222</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30–60–100 μg; it.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b276-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">276</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 100–300 mmol; i.pl</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b262-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">262</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thermal hyperalgesia</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b277-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">277</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 25 mg/kg; -</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b278-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">278</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–10–30–100 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b264-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">264</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 10–100 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pin Prick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 2 mg/kg; i.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b279-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">279</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">«Pain related behaviour»</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 25 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b280-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">280</xref>
] [<xref rid="b281-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">281</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">C; - ; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b282-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">282</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot Plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="11" colspan="1">Reboxetine (NET)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b283-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">283</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 1.6 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b272-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">272</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–10–30 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>PPQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhes</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b256-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">256</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 100 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.5–5 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw incisional injury</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b284-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">284</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b265-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">265</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="34" colspan="1">Duloxetine (SERT – NET)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b253-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">253</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 5–10–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail immersion</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b285-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">285</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30–100 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b286-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">286</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic pelvic-perineal</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">“pain behaviour”</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b287-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">287</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">A; 1–100 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b288-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">288</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hargreaves</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 1–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail Flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b289-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">289</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot Plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 1 to 30 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 1–30 mg/kg; i.p</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Capsaicin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.16–40 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b290-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">290</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–10–20–40 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Stress induced</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">USV</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 30–90–150 μg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Osteoathritis</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Grip force</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b291-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">291</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3-60 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b292-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">292</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b247-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">247</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hind pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b293-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">293</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–15 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–30 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">A; 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">EAE</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paint-Brush test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="4" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b294-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">294</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pinch test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail immersion</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cold plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.4–20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TASM ligation</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b295-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">295</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="25" colspan="1">Milnacipran (SERT – NET)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="8" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 210 ng–21 μg ; i.c.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="8" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b296-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">296</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 210 ng–21 μg ; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 210 ng–21 μg ; local</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 30–120 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.5-20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Acetic acid</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b297-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">297</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 10 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b102-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">102</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 1–30 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Post operative</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b298-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">298</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.16–60 mg/kg; i.p</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b290-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">290</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.5-20 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Stress induced</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">USV</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 10 mg/kg.j; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b299-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">299</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 60 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Analgesimeter</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b300-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">300</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 1μmol to 10mmol; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b241-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">241</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 60 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Analgesimeter</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b301-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">301</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 3–100 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b271-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">271</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10 mg/kg; i.v.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Visceral</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rectal distension</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b302-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">302</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 1 to 10 μg; i.t.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Visceral</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rectal distension</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b293-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">293</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 300 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP SNL</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Fre</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b228-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">228</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="25" colspan="1">Venlafaxine (SERT –NET)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C; 10 mg/kg.j; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP SNL</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b272-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">272</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-; -; -</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b303-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">303</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 70 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b304-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">304</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A;l 1 to 30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b305-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">305</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 1–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b306-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">306</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b293-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">293</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 300 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 50–100 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Carrageenan</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b307-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">307</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.5–5–10 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>STZ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b272-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">272</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–40 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>Vincristin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b308-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">308</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 7.5 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>Oxaliplatine</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail-immersion test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b309-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">309</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 22 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b310-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">310</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 25 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b311-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">311</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 10–25–50 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b312-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">312</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 2.5 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b313-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">313</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test 2nd phase</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">- ; - ; -</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b314-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">314</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SC; 22 mg/kg ; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b315-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">315</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">A; 3–100 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b265-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">265</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test 2nd phase</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="7" colspan="1">Bupropion (NET – DAT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mice</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30 mg/kg; Po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b251-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">251</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">A; 3–30 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="6" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b265-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">265</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>CCI</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant Heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="5" colspan="1">Nomifensine (NET – DAT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.625–5 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b316-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">316</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 25 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Charpentier pain mode</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b317-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">317</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 0.1–10 mg/kg; i.p.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail immersion</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b318-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">318</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–40 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b319-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">319</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 2.5–5–10 mg/kg; s.c.</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail immersion</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="12" colspan="1">Bicifadine (SERT – NET – DAT)</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="12" colspan="1">Rat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 4-8-12 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute inflamatory</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Randall Selito test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="12" colspan="1">[<xref rid="b320-pharmaceuticals-04-00285" ref-type="bibr">320</xref>
]</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 50 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Kaolin-induced arthritis test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">A; 25–50–75–100 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Acute</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tail flick</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hot plate</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–30 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>PPQ</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal writhing</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 5–10–20–40 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Visceral</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colonic distension</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 40–60 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Freund adjuvant</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 10–20–30 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Inflammatory <italic>Formalin</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Formalin test</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 40 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">NP <italic>SNL</italic>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 40 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Von Frey</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 12.5–25–100 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Radiant heat</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
<tr content-type="background-color:#BFBFBF"><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A; 12.5–25 mg/kg; po</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NP STZ</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Paw pressure</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">++</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn1-pharmaceuticals-04-00285"><p><italic>Treatment</italic>
A: acute, SC: Subchronic from 2 to 5 consecutive days, C: Chronic more than 5 consecutive days. i.p.: intreperitoneal; i.c.v: intracerebroventricular; i.t.: intrathecal; i.v.intravenous; po: per os; s.c.: subcutaneous; <italic>Pain model</italic>
NP: neuropathic pain; SNL: sciatic nerve ligation; CCI: chronic constriction injury; PH: post herpetic; EAE: experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; TASM: tendon of the anterior superficial part of the rat masseter muscle; NIWR: noxious-induced withdrawal reflexes; PBQ: <italic>para</italic>
-benzoquinone; PPQ: <italic>para</italic>
-phenylquinone. <italic>Test</italic>
USV: Ultrasound vocalization. <italic>Effect</italic>
(−) pronociceptive effect; (0) No effect; (++) antinociceptive effect; (+) when authors specifie “weak”, “little” or “mild” antinociceptive effect; (+++) when authors specifie “strong” or “important” antinociceptive effect.</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Coudore, Francois" sort="Coudore, Francois" uniqKey="Coudore F" first="François" last="Coudore">François Coudore</name>
<name sortKey="Gardier, Alain M" sort="Gardier, Alain M" uniqKey="Gardier A" first="Alain M." last="Gardier">Alain M. Gardier</name>
<name sortKey="Guiard, Bruno P" sort="Guiard, Bruno P" uniqKey="Guiard B" first="Bruno P." last="Guiard">Bruno P. Guiard</name>
<name sortKey="Hache, Guillaume" sort="Hache, Guillaume" uniqKey="Hache G" first="Guillaume" last="Hache">Guillaume Hache</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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