Dissociable contribution of the parietal and frontal cortex to coding movement direction and amplitude
Identifieur interne : 000224 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000223; suivant : 000225Dissociable contribution of the parietal and frontal cortex to coding movement direction and amplitude
Auteurs : Marco Davare [Belgique, Royaume-Uni] ; Alexandre Zénon [Belgique] ; Michel Desmurget [France] ; Etienne Olivier [Belgique]Source :
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience [ 1662-5161 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
To reach for an object, we must convert its spatial location into an appropriate motor command, merging movement direction and amplitude. In humans, it has been suggested that this visuo-motor transformation occurs in a dorsomedial parieto-frontal pathway, although the causal contribution of the areas constituting the “reaching circuit” remains unknown. Here we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in healthy volunteers to disrupt the function of either the medial intraparietal area (mIPS) or dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), in each hemisphere. The task consisted in performing step-tracking movements with the right wrist towards targets located in different directions and eccentricities; targets were either visible for the whole trial (Target-ON) or flashed for 200 ms (Target-OFF). Left and right mIPS disruption led to errors in the initial direction of movements performed towards contralateral targets. These errors were corrected online in the Target-ON condition but when the target was flashed for 200 ms, mIPS TMS manifested as a larger endpoint spreading. In contrast, left PMd virtual lesions led to higher acceleration and velocity peaks—two parameters typically used to probe the planned movement amplitude—irrespective of the target position, hemifield and presentation condition; in the Target-OFF condition, left PMd TMS induced overshooting and increased the endpoint dispersion along the axis of the target direction. These results indicate that left PMd intervenes in coding amplitude during movement preparation. The critical TMS timings leading to errors in direction and amplitude were different, namely 160–100 ms before movement onset for mIPS and 100–40 ms for left PMd. TMS applied over right PMd had no significant effect. These results demonstrate that, during motor preparation, direction and amplitude of goal-directed movements are processed by different cortical areas, at distinct timings, and according to a specific hemispheric organization.
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00241
PubMed: 25999837
PubMed Central: 4422032
Affiliations:
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>To reach for an object, we must convert its spatial location into an appropriate motor command, merging movement direction and amplitude. In humans, it has been suggested that this visuo-motor transformation occurs in a dorsomedial parieto-frontal pathway, although the causal contribution of the areas constituting the “reaching circuit” remains unknown. Here we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in healthy volunteers to disrupt the function of either the medial intraparietal area (mIPS) or dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), in each hemisphere. The task consisted in performing step-tracking movements with the right wrist towards targets located in different directions and eccentricities; targets were either visible for the whole trial (Target-ON) or flashed for 200 ms (Target-OFF). Left and right mIPS disruption led to errors in the initial direction of movements performed towards contralateral targets. These errors were corrected online in the Target-ON condition but when the target was flashed for 200 ms, mIPS TMS manifested as a larger endpoint spreading. In contrast, left PMd virtual lesions led to higher acceleration and velocity peaks—two parameters typically used to probe the planned movement amplitude—irrespective of the target position, hemifield and presentation condition; in the Target-OFF condition, left PMd TMS induced overshooting and increased the endpoint dispersion along the axis of the target direction. These results indicate that left PMd intervenes in coding amplitude during movement preparation. The critical TMS timings leading to errors in direction and amplitude were different, namely 160–100 ms before movement onset for mIPS and 100–40 ms for left PMd. TMS applied over right PMd had no significant effect. These results demonstrate that, during motor preparation, direction and amplitude of goal-directed movements are processed by different cortical areas, at distinct timings, and according to a specific hemispheric organization.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Front Hum Neurosci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Front Hum Neurosci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Front. Hum. Neurosci.</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1662-5161</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Frontiers Media S.A.</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25999837</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4422032</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2015.00241</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Neuroscience</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Original Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Dissociable contribution of the parietal and frontal cortex to coding movement direction and amplitude</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Davare</surname>
<given-names>Marco</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn002"><sup>†</sup>
</xref>
<uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://community.frontiersin.org/people/u/74798"></uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zénon</surname>
<given-names>Alexandre</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn002"><sup>†</sup>
</xref>
<uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://community.frontiersin.org/people/u/148761"></uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Desmurget</surname>
<given-names>Michel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Olivier</surname>
<given-names>Etienne</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn001"><sup>*</sup>
</xref>
<uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://community.frontiersin.org/people/u/119246"></uri>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
<institution>Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), School of Medicine, University of Louvain</institution>
<country>Brussels, Belgium</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
<institution>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London</institution>
<country>London, UK</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
<institution>Department of Kinesiology, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven</institution>
<country>Leuven, Belgium</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><sup>4</sup>
<institution>Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, CNRS, UMR 5229</institution>
<country>Bron, France</country>
</aff>
<author-notes><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by: Simona Monaco, University of Trento, Italy</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Reviewed by: Patrizia Fattori, University of Bologna, Italy; Neil Albert, Colgate University, USA</p>
</fn>
<corresp id="fn001">*Correspondence: Etienne Olivier, Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), School of Medicine, University of Louvain, 53, Avenue Mounier COSY- B1.53.04, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium <email xlink:type="simple">etienne.olivier@uclouvain.be</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="other" id="fn002"><p><sup>†</sup>
These authors have contributed equally to this work.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<elocation-id>241</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>29</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>14</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015 Davare, Zénon, Desmurget and Olivier.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>To reach for an object, we must convert its spatial location into an appropriate motor command, merging movement direction and amplitude. In humans, it has been suggested that this visuo-motor transformation occurs in a dorsomedial parieto-frontal pathway, although the causal contribution of the areas constituting the “reaching circuit” remains unknown. Here we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in healthy volunteers to disrupt the function of either the medial intraparietal area (mIPS) or dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), in each hemisphere. The task consisted in performing step-tracking movements with the right wrist towards targets located in different directions and eccentricities; targets were either visible for the whole trial (Target-ON) or flashed for 200 ms (Target-OFF). Left and right mIPS disruption led to errors in the initial direction of movements performed towards contralateral targets. These errors were corrected online in the Target-ON condition but when the target was flashed for 200 ms, mIPS TMS manifested as a larger endpoint spreading. In contrast, left PMd virtual lesions led to higher acceleration and velocity peaks—two parameters typically used to probe the planned movement amplitude—irrespective of the target position, hemifield and presentation condition; in the Target-OFF condition, left PMd TMS induced overshooting and increased the endpoint dispersion along the axis of the target direction. These results indicate that left PMd intervenes in coding amplitude during movement preparation. The critical TMS timings leading to errors in direction and amplitude were different, namely 160–100 ms before movement onset for mIPS and 100–40 ms for left PMd. TMS applied over right PMd had no significant effect. These results demonstrate that, during motor preparation, direction and amplitude of goal-directed movements are processed by different cortical areas, at distinct timings, and according to a specific hemispheric organization.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>action planning</kwd>
<kwd>prehension</kwd>
<kwd>goal-directed</kwd>
<kwd>step-tracking</kwd>
<kwd>sensorimotor transformation</kwd>
<kwd>posterior parietal cortex</kwd>
<kwd>reaching</kwd>
<kwd>transcranial magnetic stimulation</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<counts><fig-count count="4"></fig-count>
<table-count count="0"></table-count>
<equation-count count="0"></equation-count>
<ref-count count="69"></ref-count>
<page-count count="12"></page-count>
<word-count count="9345"></word-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Belgique</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Davare, Marco" sort="Davare, Marco" uniqKey="Davare M" first="Marco" last="Davare">Marco Davare</name>
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<name sortKey="Davare, Marco" sort="Davare, Marco" uniqKey="Davare M" first="Marco" last="Davare">Marco Davare</name>
<name sortKey="Olivier, Etienne" sort="Olivier, Etienne" uniqKey="Olivier E" first="Etienne" last="Olivier">Etienne Olivier</name>
<name sortKey="Zenon, Alexandre" sort="Zenon, Alexandre" uniqKey="Zenon A" first="Alexandre" last="Zénon">Alexandre Zénon</name>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Davare, Marco" sort="Davare, Marco" uniqKey="Davare M" first="Marco" last="Davare">Marco Davare</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Desmurget, Michel" sort="Desmurget, Michel" uniqKey="Desmurget M" first="Michel" last="Desmurget">Michel Desmurget</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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