The neurobiology of dopamine signaling
Identifieur interne : 002F84 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002F83; suivant : 002F85The neurobiology of dopamine signaling
Auteurs : Jean-Antoine Girault [France] ; Paul Greengard [États-Unis]Source :
- Archives of neurology : (Chicago) [ 0003-9942 ] ; 2004.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Dopamine.
- metabolism : Brain, Neurons.
- physiology : Signal Transduction.
- physiopathology : Nervous System Diseases.
- Animals, Humans.
Abstract
The brain contains 2 major groups of dopamine neurons. One is located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamic median eminence and is involved in neuroendocrine regulation. The other, which is the subject of this article, is located in the ventral mesencephalon and projects to the forebrain. Although dopamine neurons are few (<1/ 100000 brain neurons), they play an important role in regulating several aspects of basic brain function. They are necessary for the normal tasks of the regions they innervate, including motor behavior, motivation, and working memory. Dopamine neurons are also a central element in the brain reward system that controls the learning of many behaviors. Disappearance of nigrostriatal neurons results in Parkinson disease, whereas blockade of dopamine receptors has therapeutic effects in psychosis. Finally, artificial increase in dopamine transmission is the common mechanism of action of drugs of abuse that leads to addiction. Understanding how dopamine works is a major goal of neurobiology. Much progress has been accomplished in identifying the intracellular signaling pathways that underlie the immediate actions of dopamine and account for its long-term effects on brain properties. Recent findings allow us to identify molecules that may represent future therapeutic targets in neurology and psychiatry.
Affiliations:
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last="Girault">Jean-Antoine Girault</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Pierre et Marie Curie Unit 536, Institut du Fer à Moulin</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Greengard, Paul" sort="Greengard, Paul" uniqKey="Greengard P" first="Paul" last="Greengard">Paul Greengard</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University</s1><s2>New York, NY</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Archives of 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xml:lang="en"><term>Brain</term><term>Neurons</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Signal Transduction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Nervous System Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Humans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Système nerveux pathologie</term><term>Dopamine</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The brain contains 2 major groups of dopamine neurons. One is located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamic median eminence and is involved in neuroendocrine regulation. The other, which is the subject of this article, is located in the ventral mesencephalon and projects to the forebrain. Although dopamine neurons are few (<1/ 100000 brain neurons), they play an important role in regulating several aspects of basic brain function. They are necessary for the normal tasks of the regions they innervate, including motor behavior, motivation, and working memory. Dopamine neurons are also a central element in the brain reward system that controls the learning of many behaviors. Disappearance of nigrostriatal neurons results in Parkinson disease, whereas blockade of dopamine receptors has therapeutic effects in psychosis. Finally, artificial increase in dopamine transmission is the common mechanism of action of drugs of abuse that leads to addiction. Understanding how dopamine works is a major goal of neurobiology. Much progress has been accomplished in identifying the intracellular signaling pathways that underlie the immediate actions of dopamine and account for its long-term effects on brain properties. Recent findings allow us to identify molecules that may represent future therapeutic targets in neurology and psychiatry.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>État de New York</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Paris</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Girault, Jean Antoine" sort="Girault, Jean Antoine" uniqKey="Girault J" first="Jean-Antoine" last="Girault">Jean-Antoine Girault</name></region></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Greengard, Paul" sort="Greengard, Paul" uniqKey="Greengard P" first="Paul" last="Greengard">Paul Greengard</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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