ParkinsonFranceV1, Main, Curation, bibRecord, 000F47

The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease

Identifieur interne : 000F47 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000F46; suivant : 000F48

The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease

Auteurs : Daniel Garcia-Lorenzo [France] ; Clarisse Longo-Dos Santos [France] ; Claire Ewenczyk [France] ; Smaranda Leu-Semenescu [France] ; Cecile Gallea [France] ; Graziella Quattrocchi [France] ; Patricia Pita Lobo [France] ; Cyril Poupon [France] ; Habib Benali [France] ; Isabelle Arnulf [France] ; Marie Vidailhet [France] ; Stéphane Lehericy [France]

Source :

Brain [ 0006-8950 ] ; 2013.

RBID : Pascal:13-0224688

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Trouble du comportement, Maladie de Parkinson, Pathologie du système nerveux, Sommeil paradoxal, Imagerie RMN, Imagerie de diffusion.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Behavioral disorder, Brain Mapping, Diffusion imaging, Electroencephalography, Electromyography, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Locus Coeruleus (metabolism), Locus Coeruleus (pathology), Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Melanins (metabolism), Middle Aged, Nervous system diseases, Neurologic Examination, Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Parkinson Disease (complications), Parkinson disease, Polysomnography, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (etiology), REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (pathology), Rapid eye movement sleep, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Video Recording, Young Adult.
MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Melanins.
- complications : Parkinson Disease.
- etiology : REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.
- metabolism : Locus Coeruleus.
- pathology : Locus Coeruleus, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Brain Mapping, Electroencephalography, Electromyography, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neurologic Examination, Polysomnography, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Video Recording, Young Adult.

Abstract

In Parkinson's disease, rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder is an early non-dopaminergic syndrome with nocturnal violence and increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep that can precede Parkinsonism by several years. The neuronal origin of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson's disease is not precisely known; however, the locus subcoeruleus in the brainstem has been implicated as this structure blocks muscle tone during normal rapid eye movement sleep in animal models and can be damaged in Parkinson's disease. Here, we studied the integrity of the locus coeruleus/ subcoeruleus complex in patients with Parkinson's disease using combined neuromelanin-sensitive, structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging approaches. We compared 24 patients with Parkinson's disease and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 12 patients without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and 19 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. All subjects underwent clinical examination and characterization of rapid eye movement sleep using video-polysomnography and multimodal imaging at 3 T. Using neuromelanin-sensitive imaging, reduced signal intensity was evident in the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus area in patients with Parkinson's disease that was more marked in patients with than those without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Reduced signal intensity correlated with the percentage of abnormally increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep. The results confirmed that this complex is affected in Parkinson's disease and showed a gradual relationship between damage to this structure, presumably the locus subcoeruleus, and abnormal muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep, which is the cardinal marker of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. In longitudinal studies, the technique may also provide early markers of non-dopaminergic Parkinson's disease pathology to predict the occurrence of Parkinson's disease.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3692035

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Le document en format XML

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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease</title>
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<author><name sortKey="Gallea, Cecile" sort="Gallea, Cecile" uniqKey="Gallea C" first="Cecile" last="Gallea">Cecile Gallea</name>
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<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
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<author><name sortKey="Pita Lobo, Patricia" sort="Pita Lobo, Patricia" uniqKey="Pita Lobo P" first="Patricia" last="Pita Lobo">Patricia Pita Lobo</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Poupon, Cyril" sort="Poupon, Cyril" uniqKey="Poupon C" first="Cyril" last="Poupon">Cyril Poupon</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Vidailhet, Marie" sort="Vidailhet, Marie" uniqKey="Vidailhet M" first="Marie" last="Vidailhet">Marie Vidailhet</name>
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</affiliation>
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<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Service de neuroradiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j" type="main">Brain</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Brain</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Brain</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Brain</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Behavioral disorder</term>
<term>Brain Mapping</term>
<term>Diffusion imaging</term>
<term>Electroencephalography</term>
<term>Electromyography</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</term>
<term>Locus Coeruleus (metabolism)</term>
<term>Locus Coeruleus (pathology)</term>
<term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Melanins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Nervous system diseases</term>
<term>Neurologic Examination</term>
<term>Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging</term>
<term>Parkinson Disease (complications)</term>
<term>Parkinson disease</term>
<term>Polysomnography</term>
<term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (etiology)</term>
<term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (pathology)</term>
<term>Rapid eye movement sleep</term>
<term>Regression Analysis</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies</term>
<term>Video Recording</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Melanins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson Disease</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Locus Coeruleus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Locus Coeruleus</term>
<term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Brain Mapping</term>
<term>Electroencephalography</term>
<term>Electromyography</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</term>
<term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Neurologic Examination</term>
<term>Polysomnography</term>
<term>Regression Analysis</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies</term>
<term>Video Recording</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble du comportement</term>
<term>Maladie de Parkinson</term>
<term>Pathologie du   système nerveux</term>
<term>Sommeil paradoxal</term>
<term>Imagerie RMN</term>
<term>Imagerie de diffusion</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In Parkinson's disease, rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder is an early non-dopaminergic syndrome with nocturnal violence and increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep that can precede Parkinsonism by several years. The neuronal origin of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson's disease is not precisely known; however, the locus subcoeruleus in the brainstem has been implicated as this structure blocks muscle tone during normal rapid eye movement sleep in animal models and can be damaged in Parkinson's disease. Here, we studied the integrity of the locus coeruleus/ subcoeruleus complex in patients with Parkinson's disease using combined neuromelanin-sensitive, structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging approaches. We compared 24 patients with Parkinson's disease and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 12 patients without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and 19 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. All subjects underwent clinical examination and characterization of rapid eye movement sleep using video-polysomnography and multimodal imaging at 3 T. Using neuromelanin-sensitive imaging, reduced signal intensity was evident in the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus area in patients with Parkinson's disease that was more marked in patients with than those without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Reduced signal intensity correlated with the percentage of abnormally increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep. The results confirmed that this complex is affected in Parkinson's disease and showed a gradual relationship between damage to this structure, presumably the locus subcoeruleus, and abnormal muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep, which is the cardinal marker of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. In longitudinal studies, the technique may also provide early markers of non-dopaminergic Parkinson's disease pathology to predict the occurrence of Parkinson's disease.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<double idat="0006-8950:2013:Garcia Lorenzo D:the:coeruleus:subcoeruleus"><INIST><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" sort="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" uniqKey="Garcia Lorenzo D" first="Daniel" last="Garcia-Lorenzo">Daniel Garcia-Lorenzo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
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<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Santos, Clarisse Longo Dos" sort="Santos, Clarisse Longo Dos" uniqKey="Santos C" first="Clarisse Longo-Dos" last="Santos">Clarisse Longo-Dos Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>CEA, NeuroSpin</s1>
<s2>91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Gif-Sur-Yvette</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</s1>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
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</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ewenczyk, Claire" sort="Ewenczyk, Claire" uniqKey="Ewenczyk C" first="Claire" last="Ewenczyk">Claire Ewenczyk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" sort="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" uniqKey="Leu Semenescu S" first="Smaranda" last="Leu-Semenescu">Smaranda Leu-Semenescu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gallea, Cecile" sort="Gallea, Cecile" uniqKey="Gallea C" first="Cecile" last="Gallea">Cecile Gallea</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quattrocchi, Graziella" sort="Quattrocchi, Graziella" uniqKey="Quattrocchi G" first="Graziella" last="Quattrocchi">Graziella Quattrocchi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pita Lobo, Patricia" sort="Pita Lobo, Patricia" uniqKey="Pita Lobo P" first="Patricia" last="Pita Lobo">Patricia Pita Lobo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poupon, Cyril" sort="Poupon, Cyril" uniqKey="Poupon C" first="Cyril" last="Poupon">Cyril Poupon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>CEA, NeuroSpin</s1>
<s2>91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Gif-Sur-Yvette</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</s1>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benali, Habib" sort="Benali, Habib" uniqKey="Benali H" first="Habib" last="Benali">Habib Benali</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</s1>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Inserm U678, Laboratoire d'lmagerie Fonctionnelle</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arnulf, Isabelle" sort="Arnulf, Isabelle" uniqKey="Arnulf I" first="Isabelle" last="Arnulf">Isabelle Arnulf</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vidailhet, Marie" sort="Vidailhet, Marie" uniqKey="Vidailhet M" first="Marie" last="Vidailhet">Marie Vidailhet</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lehericy, Stephane" sort="Lehericy, Stephane" uniqKey="Lehericy S" first="Stéphane" last="Lehericy">Stéphane Lehericy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" sort="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" uniqKey="Garcia Lorenzo D" first="Daniel" last="Garcia-Lorenzo">Daniel Garcia-Lorenzo</name>
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<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Santos, Clarisse Longo Dos" sort="Santos, Clarisse Longo Dos" uniqKey="Santos C" first="Clarisse Longo-Dos" last="Santos">Clarisse Longo-Dos Santos</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ewenczyk, Claire" sort="Ewenczyk, Claire" uniqKey="Ewenczyk C" first="Claire" last="Ewenczyk">Claire Ewenczyk</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" sort="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" uniqKey="Leu Semenescu S" first="Smaranda" last="Leu-Semenescu">Smaranda Leu-Semenescu</name>
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<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
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</placeName>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gallea, Cecile" sort="Gallea, Cecile" uniqKey="Gallea C" first="Cecile" last="Gallea">Cecile Gallea</name>
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<country>France</country>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
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<author><name sortKey="Quattrocchi, Graziella" sort="Quattrocchi, Graziella" uniqKey="Quattrocchi G" first="Graziella" last="Quattrocchi">Graziella Quattrocchi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
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<country>France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Pita Lobo, Patricia" sort="Pita Lobo, Patricia" uniqKey="Pita Lobo P" first="Patricia" last="Pita Lobo">Patricia Pita Lobo</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Poupon, Cyril" sort="Poupon, Cyril" uniqKey="Poupon C" first="Cyril" last="Poupon">Cyril Poupon</name>
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<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
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<country>France</country>
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<country>France</country>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benali, Habib" sort="Benali, Habib" uniqKey="Benali H" first="Habib" last="Benali">Habib Benali</name>
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<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
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<country>France</country>
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<country>France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Arnulf, Isabelle" sort="Arnulf, Isabelle" uniqKey="Arnulf I" first="Isabelle" last="Arnulf">Isabelle Arnulf</name>
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<country>France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Vidailhet, Marie" sort="Vidailhet, Marie" uniqKey="Vidailhet M" first="Marie" last="Vidailhet">Marie Vidailhet</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lehericy, Stephane" sort="Lehericy, Stephane" uniqKey="Lehericy S" first="Stéphane" last="Lehericy">Stéphane Lehericy</name>
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<country>France</country>
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<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
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<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
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<country>France</country>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>IFR49 Institut d'lmagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
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<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j" type="main">Brain</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Brain</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Brain</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Brain</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Behavioral disorder</term>
<term>Diffusion imaging</term>
<term>Nervous system diseases</term>
<term>Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging</term>
<term>Parkinson disease</term>
<term>Rapid eye movement sleep</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble du comportement</term>
<term>Maladie de Parkinson</term>
<term>Pathologie du   système nerveux</term>
<term>Sommeil paradoxal</term>
<term>Imagerie RMN</term>
<term>Imagerie de diffusion</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In Parkinson's disease, rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder is an early non-dopaminergic syndrome with nocturnal violence and increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep that can precede Parkinsonism by several years. The neuronal origin of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson's disease is not precisely known; however, the locus subcoeruleus in the brainstem has been implicated as this structure blocks muscle tone during normal rapid eye movement sleep in animal models and can be damaged in Parkinson's disease. Here, we studied the integrity of the locus coeruleus/ subcoeruleus complex in patients with Parkinson's disease using combined neuromelanin-sensitive, structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging approaches. We compared 24 patients with Parkinson's disease and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 12 patients without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and 19 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. All subjects underwent clinical examination and characterization of rapid eye movement sleep using video-polysomnography and multimodal imaging at 3 T. Using neuromelanin-sensitive imaging, reduced signal intensity was evident in the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus area in patients with Parkinson's disease that was more marked in patients with than those without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Reduced signal intensity correlated with the percentage of abnormally increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep. The results confirmed that this complex is affected in Parkinson's disease and showed a gradual relationship between damage to this structure, presumably the locus subcoeruleus, and abnormal muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep, which is the cardinal marker of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. In longitudinal studies, the technique may also provide early markers of non-dopaminergic Parkinson's disease pathology to predict the occurrence of Parkinson's disease.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</INIST>
<PMC><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson’s disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" sort="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" uniqKey="Garcia Lorenzo D" first="Daniel" last="García-Lorenzo">Daniel García-Lorenzo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF1">1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Longo Dos Santos, Clarisse" sort="Longo Dos Santos, Clarisse" uniqKey="Longo Dos Santos C" first="Clarisse" last="Longo-Dos Santos">Clarisse Longo-Dos Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF3">3 CEA, NeuroSpin, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>3 CEA, NeuroSpin, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Gif-Sur-Yvette</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ewenczyk, Claire" sort="Ewenczyk, Claire" uniqKey="Ewenczyk C" first="Claire" last="Ewenczyk">Claire Ewenczyk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" sort="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" uniqKey="Leu Semenescu S" first="Smaranda" last="Leu-Semenescu">Smaranda Leu-Semenescu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF6">6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gallea, Cecile" sort="Gallea, Cecile" uniqKey="Gallea C" first="Cecile" last="Gallea">Cecile Gallea</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF1">1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quattrocchi, Graziella" sort="Quattrocchi, Graziella" uniqKey="Quattrocchi G" first="Graziella" last="Quattrocchi">Graziella Quattrocchi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pita Lobo, Patricia" sort="Pita Lobo, Patricia" uniqKey="Pita Lobo P" first="Patricia" last="Pita Lobo">Patricia Pita Lobo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poupon, Cyril" sort="Poupon, Cyril" uniqKey="Poupon C" first="Cyril" last="Poupon">Cyril Poupon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF3">3 CEA, NeuroSpin, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>3 CEA, NeuroSpin, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Gif-Sur-Yvette</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benali, Habib" sort="Benali, Habib" uniqKey="Benali H" first="Habib" last="Benali">Habib Benali</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF7">7 Inserm U678, Laboratoire d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>7 Inserm U678, Laboratoire d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arnulf, Isabelle" sort="Arnulf, Isabelle" uniqKey="Arnulf I" first="Isabelle" last="Arnulf">Isabelle Arnulf</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF6">6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vidailhet, Marie" sort="Vidailhet, Marie" uniqKey="Vidailhet M" first="Marie" last="Vidailhet">Marie Vidailhet</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lehericy, Stephane" sort="Lehericy, Stephane" uniqKey="Lehericy S" first="Stéphane" last="Lehericy">Stéphane Lehericy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF1">1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF8">8 Service de neuroradiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>8 Service de neuroradiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">23801736</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3692035</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3692035</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3692035</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1093/brain/awt152</idno>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
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<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000713</idno>
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<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000682</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000682</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000682</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000682</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001163</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001163</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001163</idno>
<idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0006-8950:2013:Garcia Lorenzo D:the:coeruleus:subcoeruleus</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000C33</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson’s disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" sort="Garcia Lorenzo, Daniel" uniqKey="Garcia Lorenzo D" first="Daniel" last="García-Lorenzo">Daniel García-Lorenzo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF1">1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Longo Dos Santos, Clarisse" sort="Longo Dos Santos, Clarisse" uniqKey="Longo Dos Santos C" first="Clarisse" last="Longo-Dos Santos">Clarisse Longo-Dos Santos</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Gif-Sur-Yvette</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ewenczyk, Claire" sort="Ewenczyk, Claire" uniqKey="Ewenczyk C" first="Claire" last="Ewenczyk">Claire Ewenczyk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" sort="Leu Semenescu, Smaranda" uniqKey="Leu Semenescu S" first="Smaranda" last="Leu-Semenescu">Smaranda Leu-Semenescu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF6">6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gallea, Cecile" sort="Gallea, Cecile" uniqKey="Gallea C" first="Cecile" last="Gallea">Cecile Gallea</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF1">1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quattrocchi, Graziella" sort="Quattrocchi, Graziella" uniqKey="Quattrocchi G" first="Graziella" last="Quattrocchi">Graziella Quattrocchi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pita Lobo, Patricia" sort="Pita Lobo, Patricia" uniqKey="Pita Lobo P" first="Patricia" last="Pita Lobo">Patricia Pita Lobo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poupon, Cyril" sort="Poupon, Cyril" uniqKey="Poupon C" first="Cyril" last="Poupon">Cyril Poupon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF3">3 CEA, NeuroSpin, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>3 CEA, NeuroSpin, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Gif-Sur-Yvette</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benali, Habib" sort="Benali, Habib" uniqKey="Benali H" first="Habib" last="Benali">Habib Benali</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF7">7 Inserm U678, Laboratoire d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>7 Inserm U678, Laboratoire d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arnulf, Isabelle" sort="Arnulf, Isabelle" uniqKey="Arnulf I" first="Isabelle" last="Arnulf">Isabelle Arnulf</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF6">6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>6 Service des pathologies du sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vidailhet, Marie" sort="Vidailhet, Marie" uniqKey="Vidailhet M" first="Marie" last="Vidailhet">Marie Vidailhet</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF5">5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>5 Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lehericy, Stephane" sort="Lehericy, Stephane" uniqKey="Lehericy S" first="Stéphane" last="Lehericy">Stéphane Lehericy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF1">1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>1 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF2">2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 6), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF4">4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>4 IFR49 Institut d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>CEA/SAC/DSV/I2BM/NeuroSpin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="awt152-AFF8">8 Service de neuroradiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>8 Service de neuroradiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Brain</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1460-2156</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Brain Mapping</term>
<term>Electroencephalography</term>
<term>Electromyography</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</term>
<term>Locus Coeruleus (metabolism)</term>
<term>Locus Coeruleus (pathology)</term>
<term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Melanins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Neurologic Examination</term>
<term>Parkinson Disease (complications)</term>
<term>Polysomnography</term>
<term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (etiology)</term>
<term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (pathology)</term>
<term>Regression Analysis</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies</term>
<term>Video Recording</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Melanins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson Disease</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Locus Coeruleus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Locus Coeruleus</term>
<term>REM Sleep Behavior Disorder</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Brain Mapping</term>
<term>Electroencephalography</term>
<term>Electromyography</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</term>
<term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Neurologic Examination</term>
<term>Polysomnography</term>
<term>Regression Analysis</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies</term>
<term>Video Recording</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In Parkinson’s disease, rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder is an early non-dopaminergic syndrome with nocturnal violence and increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep that can precede Parkinsonism by several years. The neuronal origin of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson’s disease is not precisely known; however, the locus subcoeruleus in the brainstem has been implicated as this structure blocks muscle tone during normal rapid eye movement sleep in animal models and can be damaged in Parkinson’s disease. Here, we studied the integrity of the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in patients with Parkinson’s disease using combined neuromelanin-sensitive, structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging approaches. We compared 24 patients with Parkinson’s disease and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 12 patients without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and 19 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. All subjects underwent clinical examination and characterization of rapid eye movement sleep using video-polysomnography and multimodal imaging at 3 T. Using neuromelanin-sensitive imaging, reduced signal intensity was evident in the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus area in patients with Parkinson’s disease that was more marked in patients with than those without rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Reduced signal intensity correlated with the percentage of abnormally increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep. The results confirmed that this complex is affected in Parkinson’s disease and showed a gradual relationship between damage to this structure, presumably the locus subcoeruleus, and abnormal muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep, which is the cardinal marker of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. In longitudinal studies, the technique may also provide early markers of non-dopaminergic Parkinson’s disease pathology to predict the occurrence of Parkinson’s disease.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arnulf, I" uniqKey="Arnulf I">I Arnulf</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arnulf, I" uniqKey="Arnulf I">I Arnulf</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Bonnet, Am" uniqKey="Bonnet A">AM Bonnet</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Damier, P" uniqKey="Damier P">P Damier</name>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Epstein, Cl" uniqKey="Epstein C">CL Epstein</name>
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</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baker, Kg" uniqKey="Baker K">KG Baker</name>
</author>
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<author><name sortKey="Hornung, Jp" uniqKey="Hornung J">JP Hornung</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bazelon, M" uniqKey="Bazelon M">M Bazelon</name>
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</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boeve, Bf" uniqKey="Boeve B">BF Boeve</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Silber, Mh" uniqKey="Silber M">MH Silber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Saper, Cb" uniqKey="Saper C">CB Saper</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferman, Tj" uniqKey="Ferman T">TJ Ferman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dickson, Dw" uniqKey="Dickson D">DW Dickson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parisi, Je" uniqKey="Parisi J">JE Parisi</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boissard, R" uniqKey="Boissard R">R Boissard</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fort, P" uniqKey="Fort P">P Fort</name>
</author>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boissard, R" uniqKey="Boissard R">R Boissard</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gervasoni, D" uniqKey="Gervasoni D">D Gervasoni</name>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wilms, H" uniqKey="Wilms H">H Wilms</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Sulzer, D" uniqKey="Sulzer D">D Sulzer</name>
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   |wiki=    Wicri/Sante
   |area=    ParkinsonFranceV1
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   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     Pascal:13-0224688
   |texte=   The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease
}}

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	La maladie de Parkinson en France (serveur d'exploration)
	Attention, ce site est en cours de développement ! Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts. Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

La maladie de Parkinson en France (serveur d'exploration)

The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease

The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease

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