Adult neurogenesis and functional plasticity in neuronal circuits
Identifieur interne : 001360 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001359; suivant : 001361Adult neurogenesis and functional plasticity in neuronal circuits
Auteurs : Pierre-Marie Lledo ; Mariana Alonso ; Matthew S. GrubbSource :
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience [ 1471-003X ] ; 2006-03.
Abstract
The adult brain is a plastic place. To ensure that the mature nervous system's control of behaviour is flexible in the face of a varying environment, morphological and physiological changes are possible at many levels, including that of the entire cell. In two areas of the adult brain the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus new neurons are generated throughout life and form an integral part of the normal functional circuitry. This process is not fixed, but highly modulated, revealing a plastic mechanism by which the brain's performance can be optimized for a given environment. The functional benefits of this whole-cell plasticity, however, remain a matter for debate.
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DOI: 10.1038/nrn1867
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Grubb</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Nature Reviews Neuroscience</title><idno type="ISSN">1471-003X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1471-0048</idno><imprint><publisher>Nature Publishing Group</publisher><date type="published" when="2006-03">2006-03</date><biblScope unit="volume">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="179">179</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="193">193</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1471-003X</idno></series><idno type="istex">100627B78B6051122503EC2CC766162DB007969A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1038/nrn1867</idno><idno type="ArticleID">nrn1867</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1471-003X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="eng">The adult brain is a plastic place. To ensure that the mature nervous system's control of behaviour is flexible in the face of a varying environment, morphological and physiological changes are possible at many levels, including that of the entire cell. In two areas of the adult brain the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus new neurons are generated throughout life and form an integral part of the normal functional circuitry. This process is not fixed, but highly modulated, revealing a plastic mechanism by which the brain's performance can be optimized for a given environment. The functional benefits of this whole-cell plasticity, however, remain a matter for debate.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>nature</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Pierre-Marie Lledo</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</json:string><json:string>E-mail: pmlledo@pasteur.fr</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mariana Alonso</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Matthew S. Grubb</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>nrn1867</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Review</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The adult brain is a plastic place. To ensure that the mature nervous system's control of behaviour is flexible in the face of a varying environment, morphological and physiological changes are possible at many levels, including that of the entire cell. In two areas of the adult brain the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus new neurons are generated throughout life and form an integral part of the normal functional circuitry. 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He has studied CNS plasticity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus and olfactory system of rodents. He is currently the head of a research unit based at the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, and of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit 2182 of the French Research Council.</note><affiliation>PierreMarie Lledo received a B.Sc. and a Ph.D. in neuroscience from the University of Bordeaux, France. He has studied CNS plasticity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus and olfactory system of rodents. He is currently the head of a research unit based at the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, and of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit 2182 of the French Research Council.</affiliation><affiliation>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Mariana</forename><surname>Alonso</surname></persName><note type="biography">Mariana Alonso received a B.Sc. and a Ph.D. from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, studying the role of BDNF on hippocampal plasticity and memory formation in rodents. She now holds a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale.</note><affiliation>Mariana Alonso received a B.Sc. and a Ph.D. from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, studying the role of BDNF on hippocampal plasticity and memory formation in rodents. She now holds a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale.</affiliation><affiliation>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Matthew S.</forename><surname>Grubb</surname></persName><note type="biography">Matthew Grubb received his B.A., M.Sc. and D.Phil. in neuroscience from the University of Oxford, UK, studying the structure, function and development of the mouse visual system. He currently holds a Marie-Curie IntraEuropean postdoctoral fellowship, and, for his sins, supports Swindon Town Football Club, UK.</note><affiliation>Matthew Grubb received his B.A., M.Sc. and D.Phil. in neuroscience from the University of Oxford, UK, studying the structure, function and development of the mouse visual system. He currently holds a Marie-Curie IntraEuropean postdoctoral fellowship, and, for his sins, supports Swindon Town Football Club, UK.</affiliation><affiliation>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Nature Reviews Neuroscience</title><idno type="pISSN">1471-003X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1471-0048</idno><imprint><publisher>Nature Publishing Group</publisher><date type="published" when="2006-03"></date><biblScope unit="volume">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="179">179</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="193">193</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">100627B78B6051122503EC2CC766162DB007969A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1038/nrn1867</idno><idno type="ArticleID">nrn1867</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2006</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The adult brain is a plastic place. To ensure that the mature nervous system's control of behaviour is flexible in the face of a varying environment, morphological and physiological changes are possible at many levels, including that of the entire cell. In two areas of the adult brain the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus new neurons are generated throughout life and form an integral part of the normal functional circuitry. This process is not fixed, but highly modulated, revealing a plastic mechanism by which the brain's performance can be optimized for a given environment. The functional benefits of this whole-cell plasticity, however, remain a matter for debate.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2006-03">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/100627B78B6051122503EC2CC766162DB007969A/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus nature" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NPG//DTD XML Article//EN" URI="NPG_XML_Article.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity PUBLIC="-//NatureAmerica//FICI nrn1867-f1//EN" URL="//snapple/web_d/web/npg/nrn/journal/vaop/ncurrent/images/nrn1867-f1" NDATA="ITEM" name="figf1"></istex:entity><istex:entity PUBLIC="-//NatureAmerica//FICI nrn1867-f2//EN" URL="//snapple/web_d/web/npg/nrn/journal/vaop/ncurrent/images/nrn1867-f2" NDATA="ITEM" name="figf2"></istex:entity><istex:entity PUBLIC="-//NatureAmerica//FICI nrn1867-f3//EN" URL="//snapple/web_d/web/npg/nrn/journal/vaop/ncurrent/images/nrn1867-f3" NDATA="ITEM" name="figf3"></istex:entity><istex:entity PUBLIC="-//NatureAmerica//FICI nrn1867-f4//EN" URL="//snapple/web_d/web/npg/nrn/journal/vaop/ncurrent/images/nrn1867-f4" NDATA="ITEM" name="figf4"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><article id="nrn1867" language="eng" publish="issue" relation="no" origsrc="yes"><!--nrn1867--><pubfm><jtl>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</jtl><vol>7</vol><iss>3</iss><idt>200603</idt><categ id="rv"></categ><pp><spn>179</spn><epn>193</epn><cnt>15</cnt></pp><issn type="print">1471-003X</issn><issn type="electronic">1471-0048</issn><cpg><cpy>2006</cpy><cpn>Nature Publishing Group</cpn></cpg><doi>10.1038/nrn1867</doi></pubfm><fm><atl>Adult neurogenesis and functional plasticity in neuronal circuits</atl><aug><cau><fnm>Pierre-Marie</fnm><snm>Lledo</snm><inits>P -M</inits><orf rid="a1"></orf><corf rid="c1"></corf><bio><p>Pierre–Marie Lledo received a B.Sc. and a Ph.D. in neuroscience from the University of Bordeaux, France. He has studied CNS plasticity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus and olfactory system of rodents. He is currently the head of a research unit based at the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, and of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit 2182 of the French Research Council.</p></bio></cau><au><fnm>Mariana</fnm><snm>Alonso</snm><inits>M</inits><orf rid="a1"></orf><bio><p>Mariana Alonso received a B.Sc. and a Ph.D. from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, studying the role of BDNF on hippocampal plasticity and memory formation in rodents. She now holds a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale.</p></bio></au><au><fnm>Matthew S.</fnm><snm>Grubb</snm><inits>M S</inits><orf rid="a1"></orf><bio><p>Matthew Grubb received his B.A., M.Sc. and D.Phil. in neuroscience from the University of Oxford, UK, studying the structure, function and development of the mouse visual system. He currently holds a Marie-Curie IntraEuropean postdoctoral fellowship, and, for his sins, supports Swindon Town Football Club, UK.</p></bio></au><aff><oid id="a1"></oid><org>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associée 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux</org>, <zip>75724</zip> <cty>Paris</cty> <st>cedex 15</st>, <cny>France</cny>.</aff><caff><coid id="c1"></coid><email>pmlledo@pasteur.fr</email></caff></aug><execsumm><p><list id="l1" type="bullet"><li>The adult brain is a plastic place. Neuronal responses to a changing environment can occur at the level of molecules, spines, dendrites, axons and, with processes of adult neurogenesis, at the level of entire cells.</li><li>Neurogenesis definitely occurs in two regions of the adult brain: the subventricular zone (SVZ) lining the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus.</li><li>Neuroblasts from the SVZ migrate along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to provide new inhibitory granule cells and glomerular cells in the olfactory bulb. Newborn cells from the SGZ migrate to the granular layer of the dentate gyrus, where most of them become excitatory granule cells.</li><li>The functional maturation of adult-born cells always involves the expression of neurotransmitter receptors before synaptic activity, and the presence of (excitatory) GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-mediated influences prior to glutamatergic input. But other maturational features depend on specific cell types, with, for example, olfactory bulb granule cells being late to develop sodium-based action potentials.</li><li>Factors intrinsic to adult-born cells influence many facets of their maturation. Proliferation and cell fate decisions are particularly strongly controlled by the proteins expressed by neuroblasts.</li><li>Factors extrinsic to adult-born cells also have a huge influence on all processes of neurogenesis. In this way, adult neurogenesis represents another weapon in the brain's plasticity armoury for dealing with a constantly changing world.</li><li>With respect to its possible functions, adult neurogenesis might alter the olfactory bulb and hippocampus at the cellular, network and system levels. Computational models suggest that cell turnover might be especially beneficial for the learning of new information.</li><li>Definitive experiments to demonstrate the function(s) of adult neurogenesis await manipulations that can specifically and completely eliminate it. However, numerous lines of correlative and intervention evidence suggest that hippocampal neurogenesis might be crucial for spatial learning, and that olfactory bulb neurogenesis could be important for sensory discrimination.</li></list></p></execsumm><websumm>Lledo and colleagues provide an up-to-date review of recent developments in our understanding of neurogenesis in the adult brain, with a comparative view of the generation of new neurons in the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus.</websumm><abs><p>The adult brain is a plastic place. To ensure that the mature nervous system's control of behaviour is flexible in the face of a varying environment, morphological and physiological changes are possible at many levels, including that of the entire cell. In two areas of the adult brain — the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus — new neurons are generated throughout life and form an integral part of the normal functional circuitry. This process is not fixed, but highly modulated, revealing a plastic mechanism by which the brain's performance can be optimized for a given environment. The functional benefits of this whole-cell plasticity, however, remain a matter for debate.</p></abs></fm></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="eng"><title>Adult neurogenesis and functional plasticity in neuronal circuits</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="eng" contentType="CDATA"><title>Adult neurogenesis and functional plasticity in neuronal circuits</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Pierre-Marie</namePart><namePart type="family">Lledo</namePart><affiliation>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: pmlledo@pasteur.fr</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role><description>PierreMarie Lledo received a B.Sc. and a Ph.D. in neuroscience from the University of Bordeaux, France. He has studied CNS plasticity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus and olfactory system of rodents. He is currently the head of a research unit based at the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, and of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit 2182 of the French Research Council.</description></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mariana</namePart><namePart type="family">Alonso</namePart><affiliation>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role><description>Mariana Alonso received a B.Sc. and a Ph.D. from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, studying the role of BDNF on hippocampal plasticity and memory formation in rodents. She now holds a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale.</description></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Matthew S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Grubb</namePart><affiliation>Laboratory of Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit de Recherche Associe 2182, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role><description>Matthew Grubb received his B.A., M.Sc. and D.Phil. in neuroscience from the University of Oxford, UK, studying the structure, function and development of the mouse visual system. He currently holds a Marie-Curie IntraEuropean postdoctoral fellowship, and, for his sins, supports Swindon Town Football Club, UK.</description></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="review-article" displayLabel="Review"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Nature Publishing Group</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2006-03</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2006</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="eng">The adult brain is a plastic place. To ensure that the mature nervous system's control of behaviour is flexible in the face of a varying environment, morphological and physiological changes are possible at many levels, including that of the entire cell. In two areas of the adult brain the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus new neurons are generated throughout life and form an integral part of the normal functional circuitry. This process is not fixed, but highly modulated, revealing a plastic mechanism by which the brain's performance can be optimized for a given environment. The functional benefits of this whole-cell plasticity, however, remain a matter for debate.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" displayLabel="journal"></genre><identifier type="ISSN">1471-003X</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1471-0048</identifier><part><date>2006</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>7</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>179</start><end>193</end><total>15</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">100627B78B6051122503EC2CC766162DB007969A</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1038/nrn1867</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">nrn1867</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2006 Nature Publishing Group</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>NATURE</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><annexes><json:item><extension>jpeg</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>image/jpeg</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/100627B78B6051122503EC2CC766162DB007969A/annexes/jpeg</uri></json:item></annexes><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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