Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States.
Identifieur interne : 004F49 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004F48; suivant : 004F50Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States.
Auteurs : David W. Smith [États-Unis] ; Benjamin S. BradshawSource :
- Demography [ 0070-3370 ] ; 2006.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- tendances : Espérance de vie, Mortalité.
- épidémiologie : États-Unis d'Amérique.
- Adulte d'âge moyen, Facteurs de l'âge, Facteurs temps, Femelle, Histoire du 20ème siècle, Humains, Mâle, Registre civil, Sujet âgé, Tables de survie.
- Wicri :
- geographic : États-Unis.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : United States.
- trends : Life Expectancy, Mortality.
- Age Factors, Aged, Female, History, 20th Century, Humans, Life Tables, Male, Middle Aged, National Center for Health Statistics, U.S., Time Factors, Vital Statistics.
Abstract
The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reports life expectancy at birth (LE) for each year in the United States. Censal year estimates of LE use complete life tables. From 1900 through 1947, LEs for intercensal years were interpolated from decennial life tables and annual crude death rates. Since 1948, estimates have been computed from annual life tables. A substantial drop in variation in LE occurred in the 1940s. To evaluate these methods and examine variation without artifacts of different methods, we estimated a consistent series of both annual abridged life tables and LEs from official NCHS age-specific death rates and also LEs using the interpolation method for 1900-1998. Interpolated LEs are several times as variable as life table estimates, about 2 times as variable before 1940 and about 6.5 times as variable after 1950. Estimates of LE from annual life tables are better measures than those based on the mixed methods detailed in NCHS reports. Estimates from life tables show that the impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on LE was much smaller than indicated by official statistics. We conclude that NCHS should report official estimates of intercensal LE for 1900-1948 computed from life tables in place of the existing LEs that were computed by interpolation.
DOI: 10.1353/dem.2006.0039
PubMed: 17236539
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<term>Life Expectancy (trends)</term>
<term>Life Tables</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Mortality (trends)</term>
<term>National Center for Health Statistics, U.S.</term>
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<term>United States (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Vital Statistics</term>
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<term>Facteurs temps</term>
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<term>Mortalité (tendances)</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Registre civil</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Tables de survie</term>
<term>États-Unis d'Amérique (épidémiologie)</term>
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<term>Mortalité</term>
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<term>Mortality</term>
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<term>Time Factors</term>
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<term>Facteurs de l'âge</term>
<term>Facteurs temps</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Histoire du 20ème siècle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Registre civil</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Tables de survie</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reports life expectancy at birth (LE) for each year in the United States. Censal year estimates of LE use complete life tables. From 1900 through 1947, LEs for intercensal years were interpolated from decennial life tables and annual crude death rates. Since 1948, estimates have been computed from annual life tables. A substantial drop in variation in LE occurred in the 1940s. To evaluate these methods and examine variation without artifacts of different methods, we estimated a consistent series of both annual abridged life tables and LEs from official NCHS age-specific death rates and also LEs using the interpolation method for 1900-1998. Interpolated LEs are several times as variable as life table estimates, about 2 times as variable before 1940 and about 6.5 times as variable after 1950. Estimates of LE from annual life tables are better measures than those based on the mixed methods detailed in NCHS reports. Estimates from life tables show that the impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on LE was much smaller than indicated by official statistics. We conclude that NCHS should report official estimates of intercensal LE for 1900-1948 computed from life tables in place of the existing LEs that were computed by interpolation.</div>
</front>
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