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Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States.

Identifieur interne : 001A33 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001A32; suivant : 001A34

Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States.

Auteurs : David W. Smith [États-Unis] ; Benjamin S. Bradshaw

Source :

Demography [ 0070-3370 ] ; 2006.

RBID : pubmed:17236539

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adulte d'âge moyen, Espérance de vie (tendances), Facteurs de l'âge, Facteurs temps, Femelle, Histoire du 20ème siècle, Humains, Mortalité (tendances), Mâle, Registre civil, Sujet âgé, Tables de survie, États-Unis d'Amérique (épidémiologie).
MESH :
- tendances : Espérance de vie, Mortalité.
- épidémiologie : États-Unis d'Amérique.
- Adulte d'âge moyen, Facteurs de l'âge, Facteurs temps, Femelle, Histoire du 20ème siècle, Humains, Mâle, Registre civil, Sujet âgé, Tables de survie.
Wicri :
- geographic : États-Unis.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Age Factors, Aged, Female, History, 20th Century, Humans, Life Expectancy (trends), Life Tables, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality (trends), National Center for Health Statistics, U.S., Time Factors, United States (epidemiology), Vital Statistics.
MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : United States.
- trends : Life Expectancy, Mortality.
- Age Factors, Aged, Female, History, 20th Century, Humans, Life Tables, Male, Middle Aged, National Center for Health Statistics, U.S., Time Factors, Vital Statistics.

Abstract

The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reports life expectancy at birth (LE) for each year in the United States. Censal year estimates of LE use complete life tables. From 1900 through 1947, LEs for intercensal years were interpolated from decennial life tables and annual crude death rates. Since 1948, estimates have been computed from annual life tables. A substantial drop in variation in LE occurred in the 1940s. To evaluate these methods and examine variation without artifacts of different methods, we estimated a consistent series of both annual abridged life tables and LEs from official NCHS age-specific death rates and also LEs using the interpolation method for 1900-1998. Interpolated LEs are several times as variable as life table estimates, about 2 times as variable before 1940 and about 6.5 times as variable after 1950. Estimates of LE from annual life tables are better measures than those based on the mixed methods detailed in NCHS reports. Estimates from life tables show that the impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on LE was much smaller than indicated by official statistics. We conclude that NCHS should report official estimates of intercensal LE for 1900-1948 computed from life tables in place of the existing LEs that were computed by interpolation.

DOI: 10.1353/dem.2006.0039
PubMed: 17236539

Affiliations:

États-Unis

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Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reports life expectancy at birth (LE) for each year in the United States. Censal year estimates of LE use complete life tables. From 1900 through 1947, LEs for intercensal years were interpolated from decennial life tables and annual crude death rates. Since 1948, estimates have been computed from annual life tables. A substantial drop in variation in LE occurred in the 1940s. To evaluate these methods and examine variation without artifacts of different methods, we estimated a consistent series of both annual abridged life tables and LEs from official NCHS age-specific death rates and also LEs using the interpolation method for 1900-1998. Interpolated LEs are several times as variable as life table estimates, about 2 times as variable before 1940 and about 6.5 times as variable after 1950. Estimates of LE from annual life tables are better measures than those based on the mixed methods detailed in NCHS reports. Estimates from life tables show that the impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on LE was much smaller than indicated by official statistics. We conclude that NCHS should report official estimates of intercensal LE for 1900-1948 computed from life tables in place of the existing LEs that were computed by interpolation.</div>
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Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States.

Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States.

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Links to Exploration step

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

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