Epidemic History and Iatrogenic Transmission of Blood-borne Viruses in Mid-20th Century Kinshasa.
Identifieur interne : 000792 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000791; suivant : 000793Epidemic History and Iatrogenic Transmission of Blood-borne Viruses in Mid-20th Century Kinshasa.
Auteurs : Catherine A. Hogan [Canada] ; James Iles [Royaume-Uni] ; Eric H. Frost [Canada] ; Geneviève Giroux [Canada] ; Olivier Cassar [France] ; Antoine Gessain [France] ; Marie-Josée Dion [Canada] ; Vicky Ilunga [République du Congo] ; Andrew Rambaut [Royaume-Uni] ; André-Édouard Yengo-Ki-Ngimbi [République démocratique du Congo] ; Frieda Behets [États-Unis] ; Oliver G. Pybus [Royaume-Uni] ; Jacques Pépin [Canada]Source :
- Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 0022-1899 ] ; 2016-08-01.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : République démocratique du Congo.
English descriptors
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pandemic was ignited in Léopoldville (now known as Kinshasa), in the former Belgian Congo. Factors that jump-started its early expansion remain unclear. Nonlethal hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) can be used to investigate past iatrogenic transmission. We undertook a cross-sectional study of elderly inhabitants of Kinshasa, with serological assays, amplification, and sequencing. Risk factors were assessed through logistic regression. Phylogenetic methods reconstructed the genetic history of HCV. A total of 217 of 839 participants (25.9%) were HCV seropositive; 26 (3.1%) were HTLV-1-seropositive. Amplification products were obtained from 118 HCV-seropositive participants; subtypes 4k (in 47 participants) and 4r (in 38) were most common. Independent risk factors for HCV subtype 4r seropositivity were intramuscular tuberculosis therapy, intravenous injections at hospital A, intravenous injections before 1960, and injections at a colonial-era venereology clinic. Intravenous injections at hospital B and antimalarials were associated with HCV subtype 4k seropositivity. Risk factors for HTLV-1 seropositivity included intravenous injections at hospitals C or D and transfusions. Evolutionary analysis of viral sequences revealed independent exponential amplification of HCV subtypes 4r and 4k from the 1950s onward. Iatrogenic transmission of HCV and HTLV-1 occurred in mid-20th century Kinshasa, at the same time and place HIV-1 emerged. Iatrogenic routes may have contributed to the early establishment of the pandemic.
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw009
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Hal:pasteur-01370929Le document en format XML
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Hogan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-92849" status="VALID"> <orgName>Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1</addrLine> <country key="CA"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.usherbrooke.ca/</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>Canada</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iles, James" sort="Iles, James" uniqKey="Iles J" first="James" last="Iles">James Iles</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-302612" status="VALID"> <orgName>University of Oxford [Oxford]</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD</addrLine> <country key="GB"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.ox.ac.uk/</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frost, Eric H" sort="Frost, Eric H" uniqKey="Frost E" first="Eric H" last="Frost">Eric H. 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Paris 7</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UPD7</orgName> <date type="end">2019-12-31</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>5 rue Thomas-Mann - 75205 Paris cedex 13</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.univ-paris-diderot.fr</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle name="UMR_3569" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno> <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName> <date type="start">1939-10-19</date> <desc> <address> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gessain, Antoine" sort="Gessain, Antoine" uniqKey="Gessain A" first="Antoine" last="Gessain">Antoine Gessain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-241105" status="OLD"> <idno type="IdRef">235568643</idno> <idno type="RNSR">200118187U</idno> <orgName>Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)</orgName> <date type="end">2019-12-31</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Département de Virologie, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux F-75724 Paris Cedex 15</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">https://research.pasteur.fr/en/team/oncogenic-virus-epidemiology-and-pathophysiology/</ref> </desc> <listRelation> <relation name="U-Pasteur_3" active="#struct-300027" type="direct"></relation> <relation name="UMR_3569" active="#struct-300301" type="direct"></relation> <relation name="UMR_3569" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"></relation> </listRelation> <tutelles><tutelle name="U-Pasteur_3" active="#struct-300027" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300027" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">027936643</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2353 6535</idno> <orgName>Institut Pasteur [Paris]</orgName> <date type="start">1887-06-04</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>25-28, rue du docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">https://www.pasteur.fr</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle name="UMR_3569" active="#struct-300301" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300301" status="OLD"> <idno type="ISNI">0000000121514068</idno> <idno type="IdRef">027542084</idno> <orgName>Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UPD7</orgName> <date type="end">2019-12-31</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>5 rue Thomas-Mann - 75205 Paris cedex 13</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.univ-paris-diderot.fr</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle name="UMR_3569" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno> <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName> <date type="start">1939-10-19</date> <desc> <address> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dion, Marie Josee" sort="Dion, Marie Josee" uniqKey="Dion M" first="Marie-Josée" last="Dion">Marie-Josée Dion</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-92849" status="VALID"> <orgName>Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1</addrLine> <country key="CA"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.usherbrooke.ca/</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>Canada</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ilunga, Vicky" sort="Ilunga, Vicky" uniqKey="Ilunga V" first="Vicky" last="Ilunga">Vicky Ilunga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-468345" status="VALID"> <orgName>Ecole de Santé Publique de Kinshasa</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">KSPH ou ESP</orgName> <date type="start">1984-08-28</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Ville Kinshasa, Commune : Lemba</addrLine> <country key="CG"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://espkinshasa.net/</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>République du Congo</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, Andrew" sort="Rambaut, Andrew" uniqKey="Rambaut A" first="Andrew" last="Rambaut">Andrew Rambaut</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-61277" status="VALID"> <orgName>University of Edinburgh</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Old College South Bridge Edinburgh EH8 9YL</addrLine> <country key="GB"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.ed.ac.uk/home</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yengo Ki Ngimbi, Andre Edouard" sort="Yengo Ki Ngimbi, Andre Edouard" uniqKey="Yengo Ki Ngimbi A" first="André-Édouard" last="Yengo-Ki-Ngimbi">André-Édouard Yengo-Ki-Ngimbi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-217378" status="VALID"> <orgName>University of Kinshasa</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UNIKIN</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>B.P. 127 Kinshasa</addrLine> <country key="CD"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.unikin.cd/</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>République démocratique du Congo</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Behets, Frieda" sort="Behets, Frieda" uniqKey="Behets F" first="Frieda" last="Behets">Frieda Behets</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-44261" status="VALID"> <orgName>University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill]</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UNC</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>250 East Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC,</addrLine> <country key="US"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.unc.edu</ref> </desc> <listRelation> <relation active="#struct-566986" type="direct"></relation> </listRelation> <tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-566986" type="direct"><org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-566986" status="VALID"> <orgName>University of North Carolina System</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UNC</orgName> <desc> <address> <country key="US"></country> </address> <ref type="url">https://www.northcarolina.edu</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation><country>États-Unis</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Oliver G" sort="Pybus, Oliver G" uniqKey="Pybus O" first="Oliver G" last="Pybus">Oliver G. Pybus</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-302612" status="VALID"> <orgName>University of Oxford [Oxford]</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD</addrLine> <country key="GB"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.ox.ac.uk/</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pepin, Jacques" sort="Pepin, Jacques" uniqKey="Pepin J" first="Jacques" last="Pépin">Jacques Pépin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="institution" xml:id="struct-92849" status="VALID"> <orgName>Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1</addrLine> <country key="CA"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.usherbrooke.ca/</ref> </desc> </hal:affiliation><country>Canada</country></affiliation></author></analytic><idno type="DOI">10.1093/infdis/jiw009</idno><series><title level="j">Journal of Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-1899</idno><imprint><date type="datePub">2016-08-01</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="mix" xml:lang="en"><term>Democratic Republic of the Congo</term><term>HCV</term><term>HIV-1</term><term>HTLV-1</term><term>Kinshasa</term><term>iatrogenic transmission</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>République démocratique du Congo</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"> <p>The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pandemic was ignited in Léopoldville (now known as Kinshasa), in the former Belgian Congo. Factors that jump-started its early expansion remain unclear. Nonlethal hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) can be used to investigate past iatrogenic transmission. We undertook a cross-sectional study of elderly inhabitants of Kinshasa, with serological assays, amplification, and sequencing. Risk factors were assessed through logistic regression. Phylogenetic methods reconstructed the genetic history of HCV. A total of 217 of 839 participants (25.9%) were HCV seropositive; 26 (3.1%) were HTLV-1-seropositive. Amplification products were obtained from 118 HCV-seropositive participants; subtypes 4k (in 47 participants) and 4r (in 38) were most common. Independent risk factors for HCV subtype 4r seropositivity were intramuscular tuberculosis therapy, intravenous injections at hospital A, intravenous injections before 1960, and injections at a colonial-era venereology clinic. Intravenous injections at hospital B and antimalarials were associated with HCV subtype 4k seropositivity. Risk factors for HTLV-1 seropositivity included intravenous injections at hospitals C or D and transfusions. Evolutionary analysis of viral sequences revealed independent exponential amplification of HCV subtypes 4r and 4k from the 1950s onward. Iatrogenic transmission of HCV and HTLV-1 occurred in mid-20th century Kinshasa, at the same time and place HIV-1 emerged. Iatrogenic routes may have contributed to the early establishment of the pandemic. </p> </div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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