Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains
Identifieur interne : 001761 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001760; suivant : 001762Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains
Auteurs : Elan D. Louis ; Phyllis L. Faust ; Jean-Paul G. Vonsattel ; Lawrence S. Honig ; Alex Rajput ; Ali Rajput ; Rajesh Pahwa ; Kelly E. Lyons ; Webster G. Ross ; Rodger J. Elble ; Cordelia Erickson-Davis ; Carol B. Moskowitz ; Arlene LawtonSource :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2009-08-15.
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Abstract
Purkinje cell axonal swellings (“torpedoes”), described in several cerebellar disorders as well as essential tremor (ET), have not been quantified in common neurodegenerative conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify torpedoes Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with ET and control brains. Brains included 40 ET cases (34 cerebellar ET, 6 Lewy body variant of ET) and age‐matched comparison brains (21 AD, 14 PD/diffuse Lewy body disease, 25 controls). Torpedoes were counted in 20 × 25 mm cerebellar cortical sections stained with Luxol Fast Blue/Hematoxylin and Eosin. The median number of torpedoes in cerebellar ET (12) was 12× higher than that of controls (1) and nearly 2.5× higher than in AD (5) or PD/DLBD (5) (all P ≤ 0.005). Furthermore, in a logistic regression model that adjusted for age and Alzheimer's‐type changes, each torpedo more than doubled the odds of having cerebellar ET (Odds ratiocerebellar ET vs. control = 2.57, P = 0.006), indicating that the association between increased torpedoes and cerebellar ET was independent of these Alzheimer's‐type changes. Although torpedoes are increased in AD and PD, as well as cerebellar ET, the magnitude of increase in cerebellar ET is greater, and cannot be accounted for by concomitant AD or PD pathology. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
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DOI: 10.1002/mds.22567
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Louis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faust, Phyllis L" sort="Faust, Phyllis L" uniqKey="Faust P" first="Phyllis L." last="Faust">Phyllis L. 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Louis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faust, Phyllis L" sort="Faust, Phyllis L" uniqKey="Faust P" first="Phyllis L." last="Faust">Phyllis L. Faust</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vonsattel, Jean Aul G" sort="Vonsattel, Jean Aul G" uniqKey="Vonsattel J" first="Jean-Paul G." last="Vonsattel">Jean-Paul G. Vonsattel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Honig, Lawrence S" sort="Honig, Lawrence S" uniqKey="Honig L" first="Lawrence S." last="Honig">Lawrence S. Honig</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajput, Alex" sort="Rajput, Alex" uniqKey="Rajput A" first="Alex" last="Rajput">Alex Rajput</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajput, Ali" sort="Rajput, Ali" uniqKey="Rajput A" first="Ali" last="Rajput">Ali Rajput</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pahwa, Rajesh" sort="Pahwa, Rajesh" uniqKey="Pahwa R" first="Rajesh" last="Pahwa">Rajesh Pahwa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyons, Kelly E" sort="Lyons, Kelly E" uniqKey="Lyons K" first="Kelly E." last="Lyons">Kelly E. Lyons</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, Webster G" sort="Ross, Webster G" uniqKey="Ross W" first="Webster G." last="Ross">Webster G. Ross</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Veterans Affairs Pacific Islands Health Care System, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geriatrics, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Kuakini Medical Center/Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study, Honolulu, Hawaii</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elble, Rodger J" sort="Elble, Rodger J" uniqKey="Elble R" first="Rodger J." last="Elble">Rodger J. Elble</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Erickson Avis, Cordelia" sort="Erickson Avis, Cordelia" uniqKey="Erickson Avis C" first="Cordelia" last="Erickson-Davis">Cordelia Erickson-Davis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moskowitz, Carol B" sort="Moskowitz, Carol B" uniqKey="Moskowitz C" first="Carol B." last="Moskowitz">Carol B. Moskowitz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lawton, Arlene" sort="Lawton, Arlene" uniqKey="Lawton A" first="Arlene" last="Lawton">Arlene Lawton</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Movement Disorders</title><title level="j" type="sub">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Mov. Disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-08-15">2009-08-15</date><biblScope unit="vol">24</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1600">1600</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1605">1605</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></series><idno type="istex">54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22567</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS22567</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Alzheimer's disease</term><term>Parkinson's disease</term><term>cerebellum</term><term>essential tremor</term><term>pathology</term><term>torpedoes</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="fr">Purkinje cell axonal swellings (“torpedoes”), described in several cerebellar disorders as well as essential tremor (ET), have not been quantified in common neurodegenerative conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify torpedoes Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with ET and control brains. Brains included 40 ET cases (34 cerebellar ET, 6 Lewy body variant of ET) and age‐matched comparison brains (21 AD, 14 PD/diffuse Lewy body disease, 25 controls). Torpedoes were counted in 20 × 25 mm cerebellar cortical sections stained with Luxol Fast Blue/Hematoxylin and Eosin. The median number of torpedoes in cerebellar ET (12) was 12× higher than that of controls (1) and nearly 2.5× higher than in AD (5) or PD/DLBD (5) (all P ≤ 0.005). Furthermore, in a logistic regression model that adjusted for age and Alzheimer's‐type changes, each torpedo more than doubled the odds of having cerebellar ET (Odds ratiocerebellar ET vs. control = 2.57, P = 0.006), indicating that the association between increased torpedoes and cerebellar ET was independent of these Alzheimer's‐type changes. Although torpedoes are increased in AD and PD, as well as cerebellar ET, the magnitude of increase in cerebellar ET is greater, and cannot be accounted for by concomitant AD or PD pathology. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Elan D. Louis MD, MSc</name><affiliations><json:string>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Phyllis L. Faust MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jean‐Paul G. Vonsattel MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Lawrence S. Honig MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alex Rajput MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ali Rajput MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rajesh Pahwa MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kelly E. Lyons PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Webster G. Ross MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Veterans Affairs Pacific Islands Health Care System, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</json:string><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</json:string><json:string>Department of Geriatrics, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</json:string><json:string>Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii</json:string><json:string>Kuakini Medical Center/Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study, Honolulu, Hawaii</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rodger J. Elble MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Cordelia Erickson‐Davis BA</name><affiliations><json:string>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Carol B. Moskowitz MS</name><affiliations><json:string>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Arlene Lawton RN</name><affiliations><json:string>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string><json:string>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>essential tremor</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cerebellum</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>torpedoes</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson's disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>pathology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Alzheimer's disease</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>Purkinje cell axonal swellings (“torpedoes”), described in several cerebellar disorders as well as essential tremor (ET), have not been quantified in common neurodegenerative conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify torpedoes Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with ET and control brains. Brains included 40 ET cases (34 cerebellar ET, 6 Lewy body variant of ET) and age‐matched comparison brains (21 AD, 14 PD/diffuse Lewy body disease, 25 controls). Torpedoes were counted in 20 × 25 mm cerebellar cortical sections stained with Luxol Fast Blue/Hematoxylin and Eosin. The median number of torpedoes in cerebellar ET (12) was 12× higher than that of controls (1) and nearly 2.5× higher than in AD (5) or PD/DLBD (5) (all P ≤ 0.005). Furthermore, in a logistic regression model that adjusted for age and Alzheimer's‐type changes, each torpedo more than doubled the odds of having cerebellar ET (Odds ratiocerebellar ET vs. control = 2.57, P = 0.006), indicating that the association between increased torpedoes and cerebellar ET was independent of these Alzheimer's‐type changes. Although torpedoes are increased in AD and PD, as well as cerebellar ET, the magnitude of increase in cerebellar ET is greater, and cannot be accounted for by concomitant AD or PD pathology. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.041</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 810 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1340</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3509</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>21887</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>211</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains</title><genre><json:string>Serial article</json:string></genre><host><volume>24</volume><pages><total>6</total><last>1605</last><first>1600</first></pages><issn><json:string>0885-3185</json:string></issn><issue>11</issue><subject><json:item><value>Research Article</value></json:item></subject><genre></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Movement Disorders</title><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2009</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2009</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/mds.22567</json:string></doi><id>54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader type="text"><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><availability><p>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</p></availability><date>2009</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">*Potential conflict of interest: None.</note><note type="content">*The statistical analyses were conducted by Dr. Louis.</note><note>National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD) - No. R01 NS42859; No. P50 AG08702; No. P01 AG07232;</note><note>Parkinson's Disease Foundation (New York, NY)</note><note>Arlene Bronstein Essential Tremor Research Fund (Columbia University)</note><note>Claire O'Neil Essential Tremor Research Fund (Columbia University)</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains</title><author><persName><forename type="first">Elan D.</forename><surname>Louis</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, MSc</roleName></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Correspondence: Unit 198, Neurological Institute, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032</p></note><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Phyllis L.</forename><surname>Faust</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jean‐Paul G.</forename><surname>Vonsattel</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Lawrence S.</forename><surname>Honig</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Alex</forename><surname>Rajput</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Ali</forename><surname>Rajput</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Rajesh</forename><surname>Pahwa</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Kelly E.</forename><surname>Lyons</surname><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Webster G.</forename><surname>Ross</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Veterans Affairs Pacific Islands Health Care System, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Geriatrics, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Kuakini Medical Center/Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Rodger J.</forename><surname>Elble</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Cordelia</forename><surname>Erickson‐Davis</surname><roleName type="degree">BA</roleName></persName><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Carol B.</forename><surname>Moskowitz</surname><roleName type="degree">MS</roleName></persName><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Arlene</forename><surname>Lawton</surname><roleName type="degree">RN</roleName></persName><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Movement Disorders</title><title level="j" type="sub">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Mov. Disord.</title><idno type="pISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-08-15"></date><biblScope unit="vol">24</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1600">1600</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1605">1605</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22567</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS22567</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2009</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="fr"><p>Purkinje cell axonal swellings (“torpedoes”), described in several cerebellar disorders as well as essential tremor (ET), have not been quantified in common neurodegenerative conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify torpedoes Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with ET and control brains. Brains included 40 ET cases (34 cerebellar ET, 6 Lewy body variant of ET) and age‐matched comparison brains (21 AD, 14 PD/diffuse Lewy body disease, 25 controls). Torpedoes were counted in 20 × 25 mm cerebellar cortical sections stained with Luxol Fast Blue/Hematoxylin and Eosin. The median number of torpedoes in cerebellar ET (12) was 12× higher than that of controls (1) and nearly 2.5× higher than in AD (5) or PD/DLBD (5) (all P ≤ 0.005). Furthermore, in a logistic regression model that adjusted for age and Alzheimer's‐type changes, each torpedo more than doubled the odds of having cerebellar ET (Odds ratiocerebellar ET vs. control = 2.57, P = 0.006), indicating that the association between increased torpedoes and cerebellar ET was independent of these Alzheimer's‐type changes. Although torpedoes are increased in AD and PD, as well as cerebellar ET, the magnitude of increase in cerebellar ET is greater, and cannot be accounted for by concomitant AD or PD pathology. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>essential tremor</term></item><item><term>cerebellum</term></item><item><term>torpedoes</term></item><item><term>Parkinson's disease</term></item><item><term>pathology</term></item><item><term>Alzheimer's disease</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>Article category</head><item><term>Research Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-11-07">Received</change><change when="2009-03-06">Registration</change><change when="2009-08-15">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</doi><issn type="print">0885-3185</issn><issn type="electronic">1531-8257</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="MDS"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="MOVEMENT DISORDERS">Movement Disorders</title><title type="subtitle">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title type="short">Mov. 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href="file:MDS.MDS22567.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="1"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="31"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="4517"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains<link href="#fn9"></link> <link href="#fn10"></link></title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Torpedoes and ET, PD, and AD</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2 #af3 #af4" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Elan D.</givenNames><familyName>Louis</familyName><degrees>MD, MSc</degrees></personName><contactDetails><email>EDL2@columbia.edu</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af5"><personName><givenNames>Phyllis L.</givenNames><familyName>Faust</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3 #af5"><personName><givenNames>Jean‐Paul G.</givenNames><familyName>Vonsattel</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2 #af3"><personName><givenNames>Lawrence S.</givenNames><familyName>Honig</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af6"><personName><givenNames>Alex</givenNames><familyName>Rajput</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au6" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af6"><personName><givenNames>Ali</givenNames><familyName>Rajput</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au7" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af7"><personName><givenNames>Rajesh</givenNames><familyName>Pahwa</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au8" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af7"><personName><givenNames>Kelly E.</givenNames><familyName>Lyons</familyName><degrees>PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au9" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af8 #af9 #af10 #af11 #af12"><personName><givenNames>Webster G.</givenNames><familyName>Ross</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au10" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af13"><personName><givenNames>Rodger J.</givenNames><familyName>Elble</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au11" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Cordelia</givenNames><familyName>Erickson‐Davis</familyName><degrees>BA</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au12" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2"><personName><givenNames>Carol B.</givenNames><familyName>Moskowitz</familyName><degrees>MS</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au13" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af3"><personName><givenNames>Arlene</givenNames><familyName>Lawton</familyName><degrees>RN</degrees></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af3" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New 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type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Veterans Affairs Pacific Islands Health Care System, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af9" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af10" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Geriatrics, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af11" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af12" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Kuakini Medical Center/Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study, Honolulu, Hawaii</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af13" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">essential tremor</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">cerebellum</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">torpedoes</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">Parkinson's disease</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">pathology</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd6">Alzheimer's disease</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD)</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>R01 NS42859</fundingNumber><fundingNumber>P50 AG08702</fundingNumber><fundingNumber>P01 AG07232</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Parkinson's Disease Foundation (New York, NY)</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Arlene Bronstein Essential Tremor Research Fund (Columbia University)</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Claire O'Neil Essential Tremor Research Fund (Columbia University)</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="fr"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Purkinje cell axonal swellings (“torpedoes”), described in several cerebellar disorders as well as essential tremor (ET), have not been quantified in common neurodegenerative conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify torpedoes Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with ET and control brains. Brains included 40 ET cases (34 cerebellar ET, 6 Lewy body variant of ET) and age‐matched comparison brains (21 AD, 14 PD/diffuse Lewy body disease, 25 controls). Torpedoes were counted in 20 × 25 mm cerebellar cortical sections stained with Luxol Fast Blue/Hematoxylin and Eosin. The median number of torpedoes in cerebellar ET (12) was 12× higher than that of controls (1) and nearly 2.5× higher than in AD (5) or PD/DLBD (5) (all <i>P</i> ≤ 0.005). Furthermore, in a logistic regression model that adjusted for age and Alzheimer's‐type changes, each torpedo more than doubled the odds of having cerebellar ET (Odds ratio<sub>cerebellar ET vs. control</sub> = 2.57, <i>P</i> = 0.006), indicating that the association between increased torpedoes and cerebellar ET was independent of these Alzheimer's‐type changes. Although torpedoes are increased in AD and PD, as well as cerebellar ET, the magnitude of increase in cerebellar ET is greater, and cannot be accounted for by concomitant AD or PD pathology. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn9"><p>Potential conflict of interest: None.</p></note><note xml:id="fn10"><p>The statistical analyses were conducted by Dr. Louis.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><!--Version 0.6 générée le 4-12-2015--><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Torpedoes and ET, PD, and AD</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Torpedoes in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, essential tremor, and control brains</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Elan D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Louis</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, MSc</namePart><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><description>Correspondence: Unit 198, Neurological Institute, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Phyllis L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Faust</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean‐Paul G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Vonsattel</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Lawrence S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Honig</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alex</namePart><namePart type="family">Rajput</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ali</namePart><namePart type="family">Rajput</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rajesh</namePart><namePart type="family">Pahwa</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kelly E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lyons</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Webster G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ross</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Veterans Affairs Pacific Islands Health Care System, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Geriatrics, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><affiliation>Kuakini Medical Center/Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study, Honolulu, Hawaii</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rodger J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Elble</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Cordelia</namePart><namePart type="family">Erickson‐Davis</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BA</namePart><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Carol B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Moskowitz</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MS</namePart><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Arlene</namePart><namePart type="family">Lawton</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">RN</namePart><affiliation>GH Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><affiliation>Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre authority="originalCategForm">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2009-08-15</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2008-11-07</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2009-03-06</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2009</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">1</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="references">31</extent><extent unit="words">4517</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="fr">Purkinje cell axonal swellings (“torpedoes”), described in several cerebellar disorders as well as essential tremor (ET), have not been quantified in common neurodegenerative conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify torpedoes Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with ET and control brains. Brains included 40 ET cases (34 cerebellar ET, 6 Lewy body variant of ET) and age‐matched comparison brains (21 AD, 14 PD/diffuse Lewy body disease, 25 controls). Torpedoes were counted in 20 × 25 mm cerebellar cortical sections stained with Luxol Fast Blue/Hematoxylin and Eosin. The median number of torpedoes in cerebellar ET (12) was 12× higher than that of controls (1) and nearly 2.5× higher than in AD (5) or PD/DLBD (5) (all P ≤ 0.005). Furthermore, in a logistic regression model that adjusted for age and Alzheimer's‐type changes, each torpedo more than doubled the odds of having cerebellar ET (Odds ratiocerebellar ET vs. control = 2.57, P = 0.006), indicating that the association between increased torpedoes and cerebellar ET was independent of these Alzheimer's‐type changes. Although torpedoes are increased in AD and PD, as well as cerebellar ET, the magnitude of increase in cerebellar ET is greater, and cannot be accounted for by concomitant AD or PD pathology. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><note type="content">*Potential conflict of interest: None.</note><note type="content">*The statistical analyses were conducted by Dr. Louis.</note><note type="funding">National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD) - No. R01 NS42859; No. P50 AG08702; No. P01 AG07232; </note><note type="funding">Parkinson's Disease Foundation (New York, NY)</note><note type="funding">Arlene Bronstein Essential Tremor Research Fund (Columbia University)</note><note type="funding">Claire O'Neil Essential Tremor Research Fund (Columbia University)</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>essential tremor</topic><topic>cerebellum</topic><topic>torpedoes</topic><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>pathology</topic><topic>Alzheimer's disease</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Movement Disorders</title><subTitle>Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Mov. Disord.</title></titleInfo><subject><genre>article category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0885-3185</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MDS</identifier><part><date>2009</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>24</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>11</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1600</start><end>1605</end><total>6</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">54859E4773EED91D39BC5617891C483D915E5ABE</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22567</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MDS22567</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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