A phylogenetically distinct Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus detected in a dromedary calf from a closed dairy herd in Dubai with rising seroprevalence with age.
Identifieur interne : 001358 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 001357; suivant : 001359A phylogenetically distinct Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus detected in a dromedary calf from a closed dairy herd in Dubai with rising seroprevalence with age.
Auteurs : Ulrich Wernery ; I Hassab El Rasoul ; Emily Y M. Wong ; Marina Joseph ; Yixin Chen ; Shanty Jose ; Alan K L. Tsang ; Nissy Annie Georgy Patteril ; Honglin Chen ; Shyna K. Elizabeth ; Kwok-Yung Yuen ; Sunitha Joseph ; Ningshao Xia ; Renate Wernery ; Susanna K P. Lau ; Patrick C Y. WooSource :
- Emerging microbes & infections [ 2222-1751 ] ; 2015.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Camelus, Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (genetics), Coronavirus Infections (veterinary), Dairying, Disease Outbreaks (statistics & numerical data), Disease Outbreaks (veterinary), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology), Phylogeny, Respiratory System (virology), Saudi Arabia (epidemiology), Seroepidemiologic Studies, Viral Tropism.
- MESH :
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Saudi Arabia.
- genetics : Coronavirus Infections, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- physiology : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- statistics & numerical data : Disease Outbreaks.
- veterinary : Coronavirus Infections, Disease Outbreaks.
- virology : Respiratory System.
- Animals, Camelus, Dairying, Phylogeny, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Viral Tropism.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was detected by monoclonal antibody-based nucleocapsid protein-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RNA detection, and viral culture from the nasal sample of a 1-month-old dromedary calf in Dubai with sudden death. Whole genome phylogeny showed that this MERS-CoV strain did not cluster with the other MERS-CoV strains from Dubai that we reported recently. Instead, it formed a unique branch more closely related to other MERS-CoV strains from patients in Qatar and Hafr-Al-Batin in Saudi Arabia, as well as the MERS-CoV strains from patients in the recent Korean outbreak, in which the index patient acquired the infection during travel in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Non-synonymous mutations, resulting in 11 unique amino acid differences, were observed between the MERS-CoV genome from the present study and all the other available MERS-CoV genomes. Among these 11 unique amino acid differences, four were found in ORF1ab, three were found in the S1 domain of the spike protein, and one each was found in the proteins encoded by ORF4b, ORF5, envelope gene, and ORF8. MERS-CoV detection for all other 254 dromedaries in this closed dairy herd was negative by nucleocapsid protein-capture ELISA and RNA detection. MERS-CoV IgG sero-positivity gradually increased in dromedary calves with increasing age, with positivity rates of 75% at zero to three months, 79% at four months, 89% at five to six months, and 90% at seven to twelve months. The development of a rapid antigen detection kit for instantaneous diagnosis is warranted.Emerging Microbes & Infections (2015) 4, e74; doi:10.1038/emi.2015.74; published online 2 December 2015.
DOI: 10.1038/emi.2015.74
PubMed: 26632876
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:26632876Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">A phylogenetically distinct Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus detected in a dromedary calf from a closed dairy herd in Dubai with rising seroprevalence with age.</title><author><name sortKey="Wernery, Ulrich" sort="Wernery, Ulrich" uniqKey="Wernery U" first="Ulrich" last="Wernery">Ulrich Wernery</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Rasoul, I Hassab" sort="El Rasoul, I Hassab" uniqKey="El Rasoul I" first="I Hassab" last="El Rasoul">I Hassab El Rasoul</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nad Al Sheba Camel Dairy Farm, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Emily Y M" sort="Wong, Emily Y M" uniqKey="Wong E" first="Emily Y M" last="Wong">Emily Y M. Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, Marina" sort="Joseph, Marina" uniqKey="Joseph M" first="Marina" last="Joseph">Marina Joseph</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yixin" sort="Chen, Yixin" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yixin" last="Chen">Yixin Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jose, Shanty" sort="Jose, Shanty" uniqKey="Jose S" first="Shanty" last="Jose">Shanty Jose</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Alan K L" sort="Tsang, Alan K L" uniqKey="Tsang A" first="Alan K L" last="Tsang">Alan K L. Tsang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy" sort="Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy" uniqKey="Patteril N" first="Nissy Annie Georgy" last="Patteril">Nissy Annie Georgy Patteril</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Honglin" sort="Chen, Honglin" uniqKey="Chen H" first="Honglin" last="Chen">Honglin Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elizabeth, Shyna K" sort="Elizabeth, Shyna K" uniqKey="Elizabeth S" first="Shyna K" last="Elizabeth">Shyna K. Elizabeth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Kwok Yung" sort="Yuen, Kwok Yung" uniqKey="Yuen K" first="Kwok-Yung" last="Yuen">Kwok-Yung Yuen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, Sunitha" sort="Joseph, Sunitha" uniqKey="Joseph S" first="Sunitha" last="Joseph">Sunitha Joseph</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xia, Ningshao" sort="Xia, Ningshao" uniqKey="Xia N" first="Ningshao" last="Xia">Ningshao Xia</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wernery, Renate" sort="Wernery, Renate" uniqKey="Wernery R" first="Renate" last="Wernery">Renate Wernery</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, Susanna K P" sort="Lau, Susanna K P" uniqKey="Lau S" first="Susanna K P" last="Lau">Susanna K P. Lau</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woo, Patrick C Y" sort="Woo, Patrick C Y" uniqKey="Woo P" first="Patrick C Y" last="Woo">Patrick C Y. Woo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26632876</idno><idno type="pmid">26632876</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/emi.2015.74</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001358</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001358</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">A phylogenetically distinct Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus detected in a dromedary calf from a closed dairy herd in Dubai with rising seroprevalence with age.</title><author><name sortKey="Wernery, Ulrich" sort="Wernery, Ulrich" uniqKey="Wernery U" first="Ulrich" last="Wernery">Ulrich Wernery</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Rasoul, I Hassab" sort="El Rasoul, I Hassab" uniqKey="El Rasoul I" first="I Hassab" last="El Rasoul">I Hassab El Rasoul</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nad Al Sheba Camel Dairy Farm, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Emily Y M" sort="Wong, Emily Y M" uniqKey="Wong E" first="Emily Y M" last="Wong">Emily Y M. Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, Marina" sort="Joseph, Marina" uniqKey="Joseph M" first="Marina" last="Joseph">Marina Joseph</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yixin" sort="Chen, Yixin" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yixin" last="Chen">Yixin Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jose, Shanty" sort="Jose, Shanty" uniqKey="Jose S" first="Shanty" last="Jose">Shanty Jose</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Alan K L" sort="Tsang, Alan K L" uniqKey="Tsang A" first="Alan K L" last="Tsang">Alan K L. Tsang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy" sort="Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy" uniqKey="Patteril N" first="Nissy Annie Georgy" last="Patteril">Nissy Annie Georgy Patteril</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Honglin" sort="Chen, Honglin" uniqKey="Chen H" first="Honglin" last="Chen">Honglin Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elizabeth, Shyna K" sort="Elizabeth, Shyna K" uniqKey="Elizabeth S" first="Shyna K" last="Elizabeth">Shyna K. Elizabeth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Kwok Yung" sort="Yuen, Kwok Yung" uniqKey="Yuen K" first="Kwok-Yung" last="Yuen">Kwok-Yung Yuen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, Sunitha" sort="Joseph, Sunitha" uniqKey="Joseph S" first="Sunitha" last="Joseph">Sunitha Joseph</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xia, Ningshao" sort="Xia, Ningshao" uniqKey="Xia N" first="Ningshao" last="Xia">Ningshao Xia</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wernery, Renate" sort="Wernery, Renate" uniqKey="Wernery R" first="Renate" last="Wernery">Renate Wernery</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, Susanna K P" sort="Lau, Susanna K P" uniqKey="Lau S" first="Susanna K P" last="Lau">Susanna K P. Lau</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woo, Patrick C Y" sort="Woo, Patrick C Y" uniqKey="Woo P" first="Patrick C Y" last="Woo">Patrick C Y. Woo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Emerging microbes & infections</title><idno type="eISSN">2222-1751</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Camelus</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (genetics)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (veterinary)</term><term>Dairying</term><term>Disease Outbreaks (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Disease Outbreaks (veterinary)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology)</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Respiratory System (virology)</term><term>Saudi Arabia (epidemiology)</term><term>Seroepidemiologic Studies</term><term>Viral Tropism</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Saudi Arabia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Outbreaks</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Disease Outbreaks</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Respiratory System</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Camelus</term><term>Dairying</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Seroepidemiologic Studies</term><term>Viral Tropism</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was detected by monoclonal antibody-based nucleocapsid protein-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RNA detection, and viral culture from the nasal sample of a 1-month-old dromedary calf in Dubai with sudden death. Whole genome phylogeny showed that this MERS-CoV strain did not cluster with the other MERS-CoV strains from Dubai that we reported recently. Instead, it formed a unique branch more closely related to other MERS-CoV strains from patients in Qatar and Hafr-Al-Batin in Saudi Arabia, as well as the MERS-CoV strains from patients in the recent Korean outbreak, in which the index patient acquired the infection during travel in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Non-synonymous mutations, resulting in 11 unique amino acid differences, were observed between the MERS-CoV genome from the present study and all the other available MERS-CoV genomes. Among these 11 unique amino acid differences, four were found in ORF1ab, three were found in the S1 domain of the spike protein, and one each was found in the proteins encoded by ORF4b, ORF5, envelope gene, and ORF8. MERS-CoV detection for all other 254 dromedaries in this closed dairy herd was negative by nucleocapsid protein-capture ELISA and RNA detection. MERS-CoV IgG sero-positivity gradually increased in dromedary calves with increasing age, with positivity rates of 75% at zero to three months, 79% at four months, 89% at five to six months, and 90% at seven to twelve months. The development of a rapid antigen detection kit for instantaneous diagnosis is warranted.Emerging Microbes & Infections (2015) 4, e74; doi:10.1038/emi.2015.74; published online 2 December 2015. </div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26632876</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>27</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2222-1751</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>4</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Dec</Month><Day>02</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Emerging microbes & infections</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Emerg Microbes Infect</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>A phylogenetically distinct Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus detected in a dromedary calf from a closed dairy herd in Dubai with rising seroprevalence with age.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e74</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/emi.2015.74</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was detected by monoclonal antibody-based nucleocapsid protein-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RNA detection, and viral culture from the nasal sample of a 1-month-old dromedary calf in Dubai with sudden death. Whole genome phylogeny showed that this MERS-CoV strain did not cluster with the other MERS-CoV strains from Dubai that we reported recently. Instead, it formed a unique branch more closely related to other MERS-CoV strains from patients in Qatar and Hafr-Al-Batin in Saudi Arabia, as well as the MERS-CoV strains from patients in the recent Korean outbreak, in which the index patient acquired the infection during travel in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Non-synonymous mutations, resulting in 11 unique amino acid differences, were observed between the MERS-CoV genome from the present study and all the other available MERS-CoV genomes. Among these 11 unique amino acid differences, four were found in ORF1ab, three were found in the S1 domain of the spike protein, and one each was found in the proteins encoded by ORF4b, ORF5, envelope gene, and ORF8. MERS-CoV detection for all other 254 dromedaries in this closed dairy herd was negative by nucleocapsid protein-capture ELISA and RNA detection. MERS-CoV IgG sero-positivity gradually increased in dromedary calves with increasing age, with positivity rates of 75% at zero to three months, 79% at four months, 89% at five to six months, and 90% at seven to twelve months. The development of a rapid antigen detection kit for instantaneous diagnosis is warranted.Emerging Microbes & Infections (2015) 4, e74; doi:10.1038/emi.2015.74; published online 2 December 2015. </AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wernery</LastName><ForeName>Ulrich</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>El Rasoul</LastName><ForeName>I Hassab</ForeName><Initials>IH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nad Al Sheba Camel Dairy Farm, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wong</LastName><ForeName>Emily Y M</ForeName><Initials>EY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Joseph</LastName><ForeName>Marina</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Yixin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jose</LastName><ForeName>Shanty</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tsang</LastName><ForeName>Alan K L</ForeName><Initials>AK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Patteril</LastName><ForeName>Nissy Annie Georgy</ForeName><Initials>NA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Honglin</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Elizabeth</LastName><ForeName>Shyna K</ForeName><Initials>SK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yuen</LastName><ForeName>Kwok-Yung</ForeName><Initials>KY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Joseph</LastName><ForeName>Sunitha</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xia</LastName><ForeName>Ningshao</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wernery</LastName><ForeName>Renate</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lau</LastName><ForeName>Susanna K P</ForeName><Initials>SK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Woo</LastName><ForeName>Patrick C Y</ForeName><Initials>PC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Emerg Microbes Infect</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101594885</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2222-1751</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002162" MajorTopicYN="Y">Camelus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="N">veterinary</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003612" MajorTopicYN="N">Dairying</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004196" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Outbreaks</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="Y">statistics & numerical 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