Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns
Identifieur interne : 000A71 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000A70; suivant : 000A72Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns
Auteurs : Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq [États-Unis] ; Ali S. Omrani ; Ziad A. MemishSource :
- Frontiers of Medicine [ 2095-0217 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 brought back memories of the occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002. More than 1500 MERS-CoV cases were recorded in 42 months with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 40%. Meanwhile, 8000 cases of SARS-CoV were confirmed in six months with a CFR of 10%. The clinical presentation of MERS-CoV ranges from mild and non-specific presentation to progressive and severe pneumonia. No predictive signs or symptoms exist to differentiate MERS-CoV from community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients. An apparent heterogeneity was observed in transmission. Most MERS-CoV cases were secondary to large outbreaks in healthcare settings. These cases were secondary to community-acquired cases, which may also cause family outbreaks. Travel-associated MERS infection remains low. However, the virus exhibited a clear tendency to cause large outbreaks outside the Arabian Peninsula as exemplified by the outbreak in the Republic of Korea. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about MERS-CoV and highlight travel-related issues.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s11684-016-0446-y
PubMed: 27146399
PubMed Central: 7089395
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
PMC:7089395Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns</title><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" sort="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J" first="Jaffar A." last="Al-Tawfiq">Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415305.6</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">000000009702165X</institution-id><institution>Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare,</institution></institution-wrap>Dhahran, 31311 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">31311 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.257413.6</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000122873919</institution-id><institution>Indiana University School of Medicine,</institution></institution-wrap>Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Indiana</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Indianapolis</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Omrani, Ali S" sort="Omrani, Ali S" uniqKey="Omrani A" first="Ali S." last="Omrani">Ali S. Omrani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415310.2</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121914301</institution-id><institution>Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases,</institution><institution>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11211 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">11211 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415696.9</institution-id><institution>Ministry of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11514 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">11514 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff5"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411335.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000417587207</institution-id><institution>College of Medicine,</institution><institution>Alfaisal University,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11533 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">11533 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27146399</idno><idno type="pmc">7089395</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7089395</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7089395</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s11684-016-0446-y</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000513</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000513</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000513</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000513</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000A71</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000A71</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns</title><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" sort="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J" first="Jaffar A." last="Al-Tawfiq">Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415305.6</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">000000009702165X</institution-id><institution>Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare,</institution></institution-wrap>Dhahran, 31311 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">31311 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.257413.6</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000122873919</institution-id><institution>Indiana University School of Medicine,</institution></institution-wrap>Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Indiana</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Indianapolis</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Omrani, Ali S" sort="Omrani, Ali S" uniqKey="Omrani A" first="Ali S." last="Omrani">Ali S. Omrani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415310.2</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121914301</institution-id><institution>Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases,</institution><institution>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11211 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">11211 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415696.9</institution-id><institution>Ministry of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11514 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">11514 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff5"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411335.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000417587207</institution-id><institution>College of Medicine,</institution><institution>Alfaisal University,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11533 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">11533 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers of Medicine</title><idno type="ISSN">2095-0217</idno><idno type="eISSN">2095-0225</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 brought back memories of the occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002. More than 1500 MERS-CoV cases were recorded in 42 months with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 40%. Meanwhile, 8000 cases of SARS-CoV were confirmed in six months with a CFR of 10%. The clinical presentation of MERS-CoV ranges from mild and non-specific presentation to progressive and severe pneumonia. No predictive signs or symptoms exist to differentiate MERS-CoV from community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients. An apparent heterogeneity was observed in transmission. Most MERS-CoV cases were secondary to large outbreaks in healthcare settings. These cases were secondary to community-acquired cases, which may also cause family outbreaks. Travel-associated MERS infection remains low. However, the virus exhibited a clear tendency to cause large outbreaks outside the Arabian Peninsula as exemplified by the outbreak in the Republic of Korea. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about MERS-CoV and highlight travel-related issues.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D Muth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hussain, R" uniqKey="Hussain R">R Hussain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M Al Masri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hajomar, W" uniqKey="Hajomar W">W HajOmar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Landt, O" uniqKey="Landt O">O Landt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eckerle, I" uniqKey="Eckerle I">I Eckerle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Shangiti, A" uniqKey="Al Shangiti A">A Al Shangiti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oboho, Ik" uniqKey="Oboho I">IK Oboho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomczyk, Sm" uniqKey="Tomczyk S">SM Tomczyk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Asmari, Am" uniqKey="Al Asmari A">AM Al-Asmari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banjar, Aa" uniqKey="Banjar A">AA Banjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Mugti, H" uniqKey="Al Mugti H">H Al-Mugti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aloraini, Ms" uniqKey="Aloraini M">MS Aloraini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alkhaldi, Kz" uniqKey="Alkhaldi K">KZ Alkhaldi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almohammadi, El" uniqKey="Almohammadi E">EL Almohammadi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alraddadi, Bm" uniqKey="Alraddadi B">BM Alraddadi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerber, Si" uniqKey="Gerber S">SI Gerber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Swerdlow, Dl" uniqKey="Swerdlow D">DL Swerdlow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Jt" uniqKey="Watson J">JT Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madani, Ta" uniqKey="Madani T">TA Madani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wolfe, Nd" uniqKey="Wolfe N">ND Wolfe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dunavan, Cp" uniqKey="Dunavan C">CP Dunavan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diamond, J" uniqKey="Diamond J">J Diamond</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, R" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">R Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stephens, Gm" uniqKey="Stephens G">GM Stephens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaki, Am" uniqKey="Zaki A">AM Zaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S van Boheemen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Tm" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">TM Bestebroer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Ad" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">AD Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fouchier, Ra" uniqKey="Fouchier R">RA Fouchier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hall, Aj" uniqKey="Hall A">AJ Hall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tokars, Ji" uniqKey="Tokars J">JI Tokars</name></author><author><name sortKey="Badreddine, Sa" uniqKey="Badreddine S">SA Badreddine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saad, Zb" uniqKey="Saad Z">ZB Saad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Furukawa, E" uniqKey="Furukawa E">E Furukawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M Al Masri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haynes, Lm" uniqKey="Haynes L">LM Haynes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerber, Si" uniqKey="Gerber S">SI Gerber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuhar, Dt" uniqKey="Kuhar D">DT Kuhar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miao, C" uniqKey="Miao C">C Miao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trivedi, Su" uniqKey="Trivedi S">SU Trivedi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pallansch, Ma" uniqKey="Pallansch M">MA Pallansch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hajjeh, R" uniqKey="Hajjeh R">R Hajjeh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mishra, N" uniqKey="Mishra N">N Mishra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Olival, Kj" uniqKey="Olival K">KJ Olival</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fagbo, Sf" uniqKey="Fagbo S">SF Fagbo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kapoor, V" uniqKey="Kapoor V">V Kapoor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Epstein, Jh" uniqKey="Epstein J">JH Epstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, R" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">R Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Durosinloun, A" uniqKey="Durosinloun A">A Durosinloun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Asmari, M" uniqKey="Al Asmari M">M Al Asmari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Islam, A" uniqKey="Islam A">A Islam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kapoor, A" uniqKey="Kapoor A">A Kapoor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Briese, T" uniqKey="Briese T">T Briese</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daszak, P" uniqKey="Daszak P">P Daszak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lipkin, Wi" uniqKey="Lipkin W">WI Lipkin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alrabiah, Fa" uniqKey="Alrabiah F">FA AlRabiah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajjar, S" uniqKey="Al Hajjar S">S Al Hajjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flemban, H" uniqKey="Flemban H">H Flemban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, H" uniqKey="Balkhy H">H Balkhy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barry, M" uniqKey="Barry M">M Barry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhassan, S" uniqKey="Alhassan S">S Alhassan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsubaie, S" uniqKey="Alsubaie S">S Alsubaie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Muller, Ma" uniqKey="Muller M">MA Müller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B Meyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M Al-Masri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turkestani, A" uniqKey="Turkestani A">A Turkestani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ritz, D" uniqKey="Ritz D">D Ritz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A Sieberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aldabbagh, S" uniqKey="Aldabbagh S">S Aldabbagh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bosch, Bj" uniqKey="Bosch B">BJ Bosch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E Lattwein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, Am" uniqKey="Assiri A">AM Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, Am" uniqKey="Albarrak A">AM Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Shangiti, Am" uniqKey="Al Shangiti A">AM Al-Shangiti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wikramaratna, P" uniqKey="Wikramaratna P">P Wikramaratna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alrabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Alrabeeah A">AA Alrabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Al Hakeem R">RF Al-Hakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stephens, Gm" uniqKey="Stephens G">GM Stephens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Omrani, As" uniqKey="Omrani A">AS Omrani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matin, Ma" uniqKey="Matin M">MA Matin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haddad, Q" uniqKey="Haddad Q">Q Haddad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Nakhli, D" uniqKey="Al Nakhli D">D Al-Nakhli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, Am" uniqKey="Albarrak A">AM Albarrak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kellam, P" uniqKey="Kellam P">P Kellam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Rabeeah A">AA Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palser, Al" uniqKey="Palser A">AL Palser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ong, Sh" uniqKey="Ong S">SH Ong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barry, M" uniqKey="Barry M">M Barry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shibl, A" uniqKey="Shibl A">A Shibl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alrabiah, Fa" uniqKey="Alrabiah F">FA Alrabiah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hajjar, S" uniqKey="Hajjar S">S Hajjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hh" uniqKey="Balkhy H">HH Balkhy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flemban, H" uniqKey="Flemban H">H Flemban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kellam, P" uniqKey="Kellam P">P Kellam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kellam, P" uniqKey="Kellam P">P Kellam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madani, H" uniqKey="Madani H">H Madani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alrabiah, Fa" uniqKey="Alrabiah F">FA AlRabiah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajjar, S" uniqKey="Al Hajjar S">S Al Hajjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Nassir, Wn" uniqKey="Al Nassir W">WN Al-nassir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flemban, H" uniqKey="Flemban H">H Flemban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hh" uniqKey="Balkhy H">HH Balkhy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsubaie, S" uniqKey="Alsubaie S">S Alsubaie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palser, Al" uniqKey="Palser A">AL Palser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gall, A" uniqKey="Gall A">A Gall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bashford Rogers, R" uniqKey="Bashford Rogers R">R Bashford-Rogers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgeer, A" uniqKey="Mcgeer A">A McGeer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perl, Tm" uniqKey="Perl T">TM Perl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Price, Cs" uniqKey="Price C">CS Price</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cummings, Da" uniqKey="Cummings D">DA Cummings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alabdullatif, Zn" uniqKey="Alabdullatif Z">ZN Alabdullatif</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assad, M" uniqKey="Assad M">M Assad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almulhim, A" uniqKey="Almulhim A">A Almulhim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, H" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">H Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madani, H" uniqKey="Madani H">H Madani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, R" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">R Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kellam, P" uniqKey="Kellam P">P Kellam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hijawi, B" uniqKey="Hijawi B">B Hijawi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdallat, M" uniqKey="Abdallat M">M Abdallat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sayaydeh, A" uniqKey="Sayaydeh A">A Sayaydeh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alqasrawi, S" uniqKey="Alqasrawi S">S Alqasrawi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haddadin, A" uniqKey="Haddadin A">A Haddadin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jaarour, N" uniqKey="Jaarour N">N Jaarour</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsheikh, S" uniqKey="Alsheikh S">S Alsheikh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsanouri, T" uniqKey="Alsanouri T">T Alsanouri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Abdallat, Mm" uniqKey="Al Abdallat M">MM Al-Abdallat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Payne, Dc" uniqKey="Payne D">DC Payne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alqasrawi, S" uniqKey="Alqasrawi S">S Alqasrawi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rha, B" uniqKey="Rha B">B Rha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tohme, Ra" uniqKey="Tohme R">RA Tohme</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abedi, Gr" uniqKey="Abedi G">GR Abedi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Nsour, M" uniqKey="Al Nsour M">M Al Nsour</name></author><author><name sortKey="Iblan, I" uniqKey="Iblan I">I Iblan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jarour, N" uniqKey="Jarour N">N Jarour</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farag, Nh" uniqKey="Farag N">NH Farag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haddadin, A" uniqKey="Haddadin A">A Haddadin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Sanouri, T" uniqKey="Al Sanouri T">T Al-Sanouri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tamin, A" uniqKey="Tamin A">A Tamin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harcourt, Jl" uniqKey="Harcourt J">JL Harcourt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuhar, Dt" uniqKey="Kuhar D">DT Kuhar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Swerdlow, Dl" uniqKey="Swerdlow D">DL Swerdlow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Erdman, Dd" uniqKey="Erdman D">DD Erdman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pallansch, Ma" uniqKey="Pallansch M">MA Pallansch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haynes, Lm" uniqKey="Haynes L">LM Haynes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerber, Si" uniqKey="Gerber S">SI Gerber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sabri, N" uniqKey="Sabri N">N Sabri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Azhari, M" uniqKey="Al Azhari M">M Al Azhari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khazali, H" uniqKey="Khazali H">H Khazali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Maayah, M" uniqKey="Al Maayah M">M Al Maayah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bilbeisi, A" uniqKey="Bilbeisi A">A Bilbeisi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dawood, N" uniqKey="Dawood N">N Dawood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Zubi, B" uniqKey="Al Zubi B">B Al Zubi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meflih, J" uniqKey="Meflih J">J Meflih</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mounds, T" uniqKey="Mounds T">T Mounds</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fitzner, J" uniqKey="Fitzner J">J Fitzner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eltom, A" uniqKey="Eltom A">A Eltom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mafi, A" uniqKey="Mafi A">A Mafi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miao, C" uniqKey="Miao C">C Miao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caidi, H" uniqKey="Caidi H">H Caidi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trivedi, S" uniqKey="Trivedi S">S Trivedi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kamili, S" uniqKey="Kamili S">S Kamili</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Aj" uniqKey="Hall A">AJ Hall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Curns, A" uniqKey="Curns A">A Curns</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, J" uniqKey="Moore J">J Moore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pham, H" uniqKey="Pham H">H Pham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zimmerman, C" uniqKey="Zimmerman C">C Zimmerman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farnon, E" uniqKey="Farnon E">E Farnon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giorgi, G" uniqKey="Giorgi G">G Giorgi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerber, R" uniqKey="Gerber R">R Gerber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lau, Sk" uniqKey="Lau S">SK Lau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Ks" uniqKey="Li K">KS Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Ak" uniqKey="Tsang A">AK Tsang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, Cs" uniqKey="Lam C">CS Lam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, S" uniqKey="Ahmed S">S Ahmed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Kh" uniqKey="Chan K">KH Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woo, Pc" uniqKey="Woo P">PC Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cowling, Bj" uniqKey="Cowling B">BJ Cowling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, M" uniqKey="Park M">M Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fang, Vj" uniqKey="Fang V">VJ Fang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, P" uniqKey="Wu P">P Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leung, Gm" uniqKey="Leung G">GM Leung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Jt" uniqKey="Wu J">JT Wu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Saad, M" uniqKey="Saad M">M Saad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Omrani, As" uniqKey="Omrani A">AS Omrani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baig, K" uniqKey="Baig K">K Baig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bahloul, A" uniqKey="Bahloul A">A Bahloul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elzein, F" uniqKey="Elzein F">F Elzein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matin, Ma" uniqKey="Matin M">MA Matin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Selim, Ma" uniqKey="Selim M">MA Selim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Mutairi, M" uniqKey="Al Mutairi M">M Al Mutairi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Nakhli, D" uniqKey="Al Nakhli D">D Al Nakhli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Aidaroos, Ay" uniqKey="Al Aidaroos A">AY Al Aidaroos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Sherbeeni, N" uniqKey="Al Sherbeeni N">N Al Sherbeeni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Khashan, Hi" uniqKey="Al Khashan H">HI Al-Khashan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, Am" uniqKey="Albarrak A">AM Albarrak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hinedi, K" uniqKey="Hinedi K">K Hinedi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghandour, J" uniqKey="Ghandour J">J Ghandour</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khairalla, H" uniqKey="Khairalla H">H Khairalla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Musleh, S" uniqKey="Musleh S">S Musleh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ujayli, A" uniqKey="Ujayli A">A Ujayli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arabi, Ym" uniqKey="Arabi Y">YM Arabi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arifi, Aa" uniqKey="Arifi A">AA Arifi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hh" uniqKey="Balkhy H">HH Balkhy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Najm, H" uniqKey="Najm H">H Najm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aldawood, As" uniqKey="Aldawood A">AS Aldawood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghabashi, A" uniqKey="Ghabashi A">A Ghabashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hawa, H" uniqKey="Hawa H">H Hawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alothman, A" uniqKey="Alothman A">A Alothman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khaldi, A" uniqKey="Khaldi A">A Khaldi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Raiy, B" uniqKey="Al Raiy B">B Al Raiy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabiah, Fa" uniqKey="Al Rabiah F">FA Al-Rabiah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajjar, S" uniqKey="Al Hajjar S">S Al-Hajjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Barrak, A" uniqKey="Al Barrak A">A Al-Barrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flemban, H" uniqKey="Flemban H">H Flemban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Nassir, Wn" uniqKey="Al Nassir W">WN Al-Nassir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hh" uniqKey="Balkhy H">HH Balkhy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Al Hakeem R">RF Al-Hakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shalhoub, S" uniqKey="Shalhoub S">S Shalhoub</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farahat, F" uniqKey="Farahat F">F Farahat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Jiffri, A" uniqKey="Al Jiffri A">A Al-Jiffri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simhairi, R" uniqKey="Simhairi R">R Simhairi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shamma, O" uniqKey="Shamma O">O Shamma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siddiqi, N" uniqKey="Siddiqi N">N Siddiqi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mushtaq, A" uniqKey="Mushtaq A">A Mushtaq</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsubaie, S" uniqKey="Alsubaie S">S Alsubaie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hajomar, Wh" uniqKey="Hajomar W">WH Hajomar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hussain, R" uniqKey="Hussain R">R Hussain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kheyami, Am" uniqKey="Kheyami A">AM Kheyami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almutairi, A" uniqKey="Almutairi A">A Almutairi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Azhar, Ei" uniqKey="Azhar E">EI Azhar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kellam, P" uniqKey="Kellam P">P Kellam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Soliman, T" uniqKey="Soliman T">T Soliman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cook, Ar" uniqKey="Cook A">AR Cook</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coker, Rj" uniqKey="Coker R">RJ Coker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lessler, J" uniqKey="Lessler J">J Lessler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Barraquer, I" uniqKey="Rodriguez Barraquer I">I Rodriguez-Barraquer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cummings, Da" uniqKey="Cummings D">DA Cummings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garske, T" uniqKey="Garske T">T Garske</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Kerkhove, M" uniqKey="Van Kerkhove M">M Van Kerkhove</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mills, H" uniqKey="Mills H">H Mills</name></author><author><name sortKey="Truelove, S" uniqKey="Truelove S">S Truelove</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hakeem, R" uniqKey="Hakeem R">R Hakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferguson, Nm" uniqKey="Ferguson N">NM Ferguson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sridhar, S" uniqKey="Sridhar S">S Sridhar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brouqui, P" uniqKey="Brouqui P">P Brouqui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parola, P" uniqKey="Parola P">P Parola</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gautret, P" uniqKey="Gautret P">P Gautret</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mwaba, P" uniqKey="Mwaba P">P Mwaba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bates, M" uniqKey="Bates M">M Bates</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maeurer, M" uniqKey="Maeurer M">M Maeurer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Annan, A" uniqKey="Annan A">A Annan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Owusu, M" uniqKey="Owusu M">M Owusu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marfo, Ks" uniqKey="Marfo K">KS Marfo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Larbi, R" uniqKey="Larbi R">R Larbi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarpong, Fn" uniqKey="Sarpong F">FN Sarpong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adu Sarkodie, Y" uniqKey="Adu Sarkodie Y">Y Adu-Sarkodie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amankwa, J" uniqKey="Amankwa J">J Amankwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fiafemetsi, S" uniqKey="Fiafemetsi S">S Fiafemetsi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Owusu Dabo, E" uniqKey="Owusu Dabo E">E Owusu-Dabo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eckerle, I" uniqKey="Eckerle I">I Eckerle</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gautret, P" uniqKey="Gautret P">P Gautret</name></author><author><name sortKey="Charrel, R" uniqKey="Charrel R">R Charrel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benkouiten, S" uniqKey="Benkouiten S">S Benkouiten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Belhouchat, K" uniqKey="Belhouchat K">K Belhouchat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nougairede, A" uniqKey="Nougairede A">A Nougairede</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drali, T" uniqKey="Drali T">T Drali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salez, N" uniqKey="Salez N">N Salez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M Al Masri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lagier, Jc" uniqKey="Lagier J">JC Lagier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Million, M" uniqKey="Million M">M Million</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raoult, D" uniqKey="Raoult D">D Raoult</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brouqui, P" uniqKey="Brouqui P">P Brouqui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parola, P" uniqKey="Parola P">P Parola</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almasri, M" uniqKey="Almasri M">M Almasri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turkestani, A" uniqKey="Turkestani A">A Turkestani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alzahrani, A" uniqKey="Alzahrani A">A Alzahrani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Azhar, E" uniqKey="Azhar E">E Azhar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hajomar, Wh" uniqKey="Hajomar W">WH Hajomar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Shangiti, Am" uniqKey="Al Shangiti A">AM Al-Shangiti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yezli, S" uniqKey="Yezli S">S Yezli</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gierer, S" uniqKey="Gierer S">S Gierer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hofmann Winkler, H" uniqKey="Hofmann Winkler H">H Hofmann-Winkler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albuali, Wh" uniqKey="Albuali W">WH Albuali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bertram, S" uniqKey="Bertram S">S Bertram</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rubaish, Am" uniqKey="Al Rubaish A">AM Al-Rubaish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yousef, Aa" uniqKey="Yousef A">AA Yousef</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Nafaie, An" uniqKey="Al Nafaie A">AN Al-Nafaie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Ali, Ak" uniqKey="Al Ali A">AK Al-Ali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Obeid, Oe" uniqKey="Obeid O">OE Obeid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alkharsah, Kr" uniqKey="Alkharsah K">KR Alkharsah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pohlmann, S" uniqKey="Pohlmann S">S Pöhlmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B Meyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Ma" uniqKey="Muller M">MA Müller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M Al-Masri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hossain, R" uniqKey="Hossain R">R Hossain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madani, H" uniqKey="Madani H">H Madani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A Sieberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bosch, Bj" uniqKey="Bosch B">BJ Bosch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E Lattwein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, Am" uniqKey="Assiri A">AM Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hajomar, W" uniqKey="Hajomar W">W Hajomar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, Am" uniqKey="Albarrak A">AM Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Doremalen, N" uniqKey="Van Doremalen N">N van Doremalen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bushmaker, T" uniqKey="Bushmaker T">T Bushmaker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munster, Vj" uniqKey="Munster V">VJ Munster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Leclercq, I" uniqKey="Leclercq I">I Leclercq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Batejat, C" uniqKey="Batejat C">C Batéjat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burguiere, Am" uniqKey="Burguiere A">AM Burguière</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manuguerra, Jc" uniqKey="Manuguerra J">JC Manuguerra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Coleman, Cm" uniqKey="Coleman C">CM Coleman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frieman, Mb" uniqKey="Frieman M">MB Frieman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Momattin, H" uniqKey="Momattin H">H Momattin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mohammed, K" uniqKey="Mohammed K">K Mohammed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Momattin, H" uniqKey="Momattin H">H Momattin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dib, J" uniqKey="Dib J">J Dib</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Omrani, As" uniqKey="Omrani A">AS Omrani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saad, Mm" uniqKey="Saad M">MM Saad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baig, K" uniqKey="Baig K">K Baig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bahloul, A" uniqKey="Bahloul A">A Bahloul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdul Matin, M" uniqKey="Abdul Matin M">M Abdul-Matin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alaidaroos, Ay" uniqKey="Alaidaroos A">AY Alaidaroos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almakhlafi, Ga" uniqKey="Almakhlafi G">GA Almakhlafi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, Mm" uniqKey="Albarrak M">MM Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, Am" uniqKey="Albarrak A">AM Albarrak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maeurer, M" uniqKey="Maeurer M">M Maeurer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bates, M" uniqKey="Bates M">M Bates</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mwaba, P" uniqKey="Mwaba P">P Mwaba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Denning, Dw" uniqKey="Denning D">DW Denning</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hayden, Fg" uniqKey="Hayden F">FG Hayden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hui, Ds" uniqKey="Hui D">DS Hui</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Falzarano, D" uniqKey="Falzarano D">D Falzarano</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Wit, E" uniqKey="De Wit E">E de Wit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rasmussen, Al" uniqKey="Rasmussen A">AL Rasmussen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feldmann, F" uniqKey="Feldmann F">F Feldmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okumura, A" uniqKey="Okumura A">A Okumura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scott, Dp" uniqKey="Scott D">DP Scott</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brining, D" uniqKey="Brining D">D Brining</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bushmaker, T" uniqKey="Bushmaker T">T Bushmaker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martellaro, C" uniqKey="Martellaro C">C Martellaro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baseler, L" uniqKey="Baseler L">L Baseler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benecke, Ag" uniqKey="Benecke A">AG Benecke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Katze, Mg" uniqKey="Katze M">MG Katze</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munster, Vj" uniqKey="Munster V">VJ Munster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feldmann, H" uniqKey="Feldmann H">H Feldmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jf" uniqKey="Chan J">JF Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Kh" uniqKey="Chan K">KH Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kao, Ry" uniqKey="Kao R">RY Kao</name></author><author><name sortKey="To, Kk" uniqKey="To K">KK To</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Bj" uniqKey="Zheng B">BJ Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Cp" uniqKey="Li C">CP Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Pt" uniqKey="Li P">PT Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dai, J" uniqKey="Dai J">J Dai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mok, Fk" uniqKey="Mok F">FK Mok</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hayden, Fg" uniqKey="Hayden F">FG Hayden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Falzarano, D" uniqKey="Falzarano D">D Falzarano</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Wit, E" uniqKey="De Wit E">E de Wit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martellaro, C" uniqKey="Martellaro C">C Martellaro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Callison, J" uniqKey="Callison J">J Callison</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munster, Vj" uniqKey="Munster V">VJ Munster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feldmann, H" uniqKey="Feldmann H">H Feldmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jf" uniqKey="Chan J">JF Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Kh" uniqKey="Chan K">KH Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kao, Ry" uniqKey="Kao R">RY Kao</name></author><author><name sortKey="To, Kk" uniqKey="To K">KK To</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Bj" uniqKey="Zheng B">BJ Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Cp" uniqKey="Li C">CP Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Pt" uniqKey="Li P">PT Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dai, J" uniqKey="Dai J">J Dai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mok, Fk" uniqKey="Mok F">FK Mok</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hayden, Fg" uniqKey="Hayden F">FG Hayden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jf" uniqKey="Chan J">JF Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Y" uniqKey="Yao Y">Y Yao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yeung, Ml" uniqKey="Yeung M">ML Yeung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, W" uniqKey="Deng W">W Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bao, L" uniqKey="Bao L">L Bao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jia, L" uniqKey="Jia L">L Jia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, F" uniqKey="Li F">F Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xiao, C" uniqKey="Xiao C">C Xiao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, H" uniqKey="Gao H">H Gao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, P" uniqKey="Yu P">P Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Jp" uniqKey="Cai J">JP Cai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, H" uniqKey="Chu H">H Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, J" uniqKey="Zhou J">J Zhou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qin, C" uniqKey="Qin C">C Qin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Uj" uniqKey="Kim U">UJ Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Won, Ej" uniqKey="Won E">EJ Won</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kee, Sj" uniqKey="Kee S">SJ Kee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, Si" uniqKey="Jung S">SI Jung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, Hc" uniqKey="Jang H">HC Jang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Front Med</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Front Med</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Frontiers of Medicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2095-0217</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2095-0225</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Higher Education Press</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Beijing</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27146399</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7089395</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">446</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s11684-016-0446-y</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Al-Tawfiq</surname><given-names>Jaffar A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Omrani</surname><given-names>Ali S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Memish</surname><given-names>Ziad A.</given-names></name><address><email>zmemish@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4">4</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5">5</xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415305.6</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">000000009702165X</institution-id><institution>Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare,</institution></institution-wrap>Dhahran, 31311 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.257413.6</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000122873919</institution-id><institution>Indiana University School of Medicine,</institution></institution-wrap>Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082 USA</aff><aff id="Aff3"><label>3</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415310.2</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000121914301</institution-id><institution>Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases,</institution><institution>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11211 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="Aff4"><label>4</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415696.9</institution-id><institution>Ministry of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11514 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="Aff5"><label>5</label><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411335.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000417587207</institution-id><institution>College of Medicine,</institution><institution>Alfaisal University,</institution></institution-wrap>Riyadh, 11533 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>4</day><month>5</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>111</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>30</day><month>9</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016</copyright-statement><license><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p>The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 brought back memories of the occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002. More than 1500 MERS-CoV cases were recorded in 42 months with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 40%. Meanwhile, 8000 cases of SARS-CoV were confirmed in six months with a CFR of 10%. The clinical presentation of MERS-CoV ranges from mild and non-specific presentation to progressive and severe pneumonia. No predictive signs or symptoms exist to differentiate MERS-CoV from community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients. An apparent heterogeneity was observed in transmission. Most MERS-CoV cases were secondary to large outbreaks in healthcare settings. These cases were secondary to community-acquired cases, which may also cause family outbreaks. Travel-associated MERS infection remains low. However, the virus exhibited a clear tendency to cause large outbreaks outside the Arabian Peninsula as exemplified by the outbreak in the Republic of Korea. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about MERS-CoV and highlight travel-related issues.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>MERS</kwd><kwd>Middle East respiratory syndrome</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Indiana</li></region></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name><name sortKey="Omrani, Ali S" sort="Omrani, Ali S" uniqKey="Omrani A" first="Ali S." last="Omrani">Ali S. Omrani</name></noCountry><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Indiana"><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" sort="Al Tawfiq, Jaffar A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J" first="Jaffar A." last="Al-Tawfiq">Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/MersV1/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000A71 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000A71 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= MersV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Checkpoint
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:7089395
|texte= Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:27146399" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MersV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |